bearing at its summit one compound leaf, which is twice or thrice ternate. Petioles (leaf-stalks) swollen at the base. Leaflets an inch and a half, or two inches long, heart-shaped, pointed, very delicate, smooth on the upper side, hairy and somewhat glaucous on the under, slightly serrated, the serratures tipped with a short bristle; lateral leaflets unequal, and all, more or less, reclining towards the ground. Raceme (cluster) branched, springing from the swollen base of the leaf-stalk, shorter than the leaf. Flowers nodding, rather handsome, and furnished with 4 curious, membranous, inflated, yellow nectaries, which are nearly as large as the petals, and are generally full of honey. Anthers very curious, of 2 cells, and 2 lid-like valves, which open elastically, and allow the pollen to escape.

The Epimédium Alpinum is a singular and rather a handsome plant, and is well deserving a place in the Flower Garden. It will grow in almost any situation, but thrives best in the shade. Its curiously constructed flowers will amply repay a careful investigation of them. The insertion of the sepals, the petals, the nectaries, and the stamens, are all opposite to each other, and not alternate, as in most instances.

It appears to have been known to GERARDE as early as the 16th century, for he tells us, in his Herbal, published at London in 1597, that this rare and strange plant was sent to him from the French King's herbarist, ROBINUS, who dwelt in Paris, at the sign of the Black Head, in the street called Du bout du Monde, (the end of the world). "I planted it," says he, "in my garden, but it was dried away with the extreme heat of the sun, which happened in the year 1590, since which time it bringeth seed to perfection."— JOHNSON, in his edition of GERARDE'S Herbal, published in 1633, adds, that it grew in the garden of his friend Mr. JOHN MILION, in Old-Street, and some other gardens about town. It is said to be a native of the Alps, and Apennines, and also of Japan, as well as of England and Scotland.

2

ANCHUSA. SEMPERVIRENS. EVERGREEN ALKANET.

W.A.Delamotte. Del.

CMathews, St

ANCHU'SA*.

Linnean Class and Order. PENTA'NDRIA†, MONOGY'NIA. Natural Order. BORAGI NEE, Jussieu's Genera Plantarum, 128.; Lindl. Syn. p. 163.; Introd. to Nat. Syst. p. 241.-Rich. by Macgilliv. p. 440.-Sir J. E. Smith's Grammar of Botany, p. 102.-ASPERIFO'LIE, Ray and Linnæus.

p.

GEN. CHAR. Calyx (fig. 1.) inferior, of one leaf, oblong, cylindrical, in 5, more or less deep, pointed segments, permanent. Corolla (fig. 2.) of one petal, funnel-shaped; Tube strait, cylindrical, tumid in the lower part, as long as the calyx; Limb more or less spreading, in 5 rather deep, blunt, equal lobes; Mouth closed with 5 upright, blunt, vaulted, hairy, converging valves. Filaments 5, very short, in the throat of the corolla, alternate with the valves. Anthers oblong, concealed by the valves. Germen (fig. 3.) superior, 4-parted. Style cylindrical, shorter than the tube. Stigma cloven. Seeds (Nuts of Lindl. Syn.) roundish, or blunt, wrinkled, each hollowed out at the base. (See figs. 4, 5, & 6.)

The funnel-shaped corolla, strait tube, and obtuse, entire, concave valves at its orifice, will distinguish this from other genera with a monopetalous, inferior corolla, and 2 or 4 apparently naked seeds, in the same class and order.

Two Species British.

ANCHU'SA SEMPERVI'RENS. Evergreen Alkanet.

SPEC. CHAR. Flower-stalks axillary, each bearing two dense spikes, with an intermediate flower, and two principal egg-shaped bracteas. Leaves egg-shaped, pointed.

Engl. Bot. t. 45.-Hook. Fl. Lond. t. 94.-Huds. Fl. Angl. (2nd ed.) p. 80.Sm. Fl. Brit. v. i. p. 215.-Engl. Fl. v. i. p. 258.-With. (7th ed.) v. ii. p. 280. -Lindl. Syn. p. 165.-Hook. Br. Fl. p. 82.-Lightf. Fl. Scot. v. i. p. 133.Relh. Fl. Cant. (3rd ed.) p. 81.-Purt. Midl. Fl. v. iii. p. 22.-Hook. Fl. Scot. p. 68.-Grev. Fl. Edin. p. 45.--Walk. Fl. of Oxf. p. 49.-Mack, Catal. of Pl. of Ireland, p. 21.-Buglossa sempervirens, Gray's Nat. Arr. v. ii. p. 352.Buglossum latifolium semper virens, Dillenius, in Ray's Synopsis, p. 227.Borago semper virens, Johnson's Gerarde, p. 797.

LOCALITIES.-In waste ground, among ruins, and by way sides: rare.At Rousham, Oxon. Miss ARMETRIDING, in Walker's Flora of Oxfordshire.At Edgbaston, near Birmingham, and Brettel-lane, near Stourbridge. SCOTT, in Purt. Midl. Fl.-Near Horns-place, near Rochester, Kent. Mr. J. SHERARD, in Ray's Syn.-On Boughton Hill, and in a churchyard near Feversham, Kent. L. W. DILLWYN, Esq. in Bot. Guide.-Emmanuel College, in the Master's close, under one of the walnut-trees. Back Yard of Christ's College. Rev. R. RELHAN, in Fl. Cant.-Vauxhall, Surrey. Dr. MARTYN.-By the road

Fig. 1. Calyx.-Fig. 2. Corolla opened vertically to show the Stamens and Valves.-Fig. 3. Germen, Style, and Stigma.-Fig. 4. Calyx and Seeds.Figs. 5 & 6. Seeds.-All, except fig. 4. magnified.

*From agchousa, Gr. paint. The roots of one species, Anchusa tinctoria, yield a red dye, which has been used in former times to stain the face. Dr. HOOKER, in Brit. Fl.

+ The 5th class in the Linnean Artificial System, comprehending all those plants which have perfect flowers, with five distinct stamens in each.

Essex, possibly from a garden. Mr. W. PAMPLIN, jun.-Near Maidenhead; and Kenton. Rev. Dr. BEEKE.-Near Sidmouth. Dr. WITHERING.-About Barnstaple. Dr. MATON.-On Durnsford Hill, between Exeter and Moreton Hampstead, Devon. Mr. E. FORSTER, jun. in Bot. Guide.-About Fawey. Mr. E. FORSTER, jun. : and near Liskeard, Cornwall. Mr. D. TURNER, ibid.About Norwich in several places, as well as at Haddiscoe, Norfolk. Sir J. E. SMITH, in Engl. Fl.-At Walpole, by Halesworth, Suffolk. Dr. HOOKER, ibid. Bury, in the lanes near Haberdon. Sir T. G. CULLUM-At Framlingham, in the way to Parham, past the watery lane. Rev. G. CRABB.-Burgh Castle, near the gardens; Suffolk. Mr. WIGG, in Bot. Guide.-Plentifully on a bank between Lewes and Southover; Sussex. W. BORRER, Esq. ibid.-On the road between Kendal and Ambleside, two or three miles from the former town. Rev. J. HARRIMAN, ibid.-The Blanketts, near Worcester. Mr. BALLARD.By the road between Settle and Ingleton, Yorkshire. Mr. TEESDALE, ibid.— In Mamhead churchyard, and near Dartmouth, Devon. Rev. PIKE JONES, in With. Bot. Arr.-Among the ruins of Basingwerk Abbey, near Holywell. Mr. GRIFFITH. In the parish of Whiteford. Mr. PENNANT.-And on the ruins of Maes-glas Monastery, Flintshire. Rev. W. BINGLEY.-At Inverary. Rev. W. Woon, in Sm. Engl. Fl.-At Bagland, near Neath, Glamorganshire. Mr. J. WOODS, jun. in Bot. Guide.-Glen of Dunglass. Dr. PARSONS, in Hook. Fl. Scot.-Deanbank, near the village of the Water of Leith: Road-sides between Crossgates and Keltie, Kinross-shire. Mr. MAUGHGAN, ibid.-Banks of the Clyde, above Hamilton: near Chatelherault and Castlemilk, Glasgow. Mr. HOPKIRK, ibid.—Craig-Millar Castle, Edinburgh. Mr. NEILL, 1799. in Grev. Fl. Edin.-In hedges near Douglass, in the county of Cork. Mr. DRUMMOND, in Mack. Catal. of Plants of Ireland.

Perennial.-Flowers from May to August.

Root thick, mucilaginous; black on the outside, nearly white within. Stems from a foot to 18 inches high, round, slightly angular, leafy, and clothed with projecting, rigid hairs or bristles. Rootleaves stalked, about a span long, egg-shaped, pointed, of a deep, dark green, lasting through the winter. Stem-leaves alternate,

upper ones sessile, egg-shaped, broad, and marked, like the rootleaves, with transverse veins. Flower-stalks axillary (growing between a leaf and the stem), from an inch and a half to 2 inches and a half long, each divided at the top into two short, close spikes, with an intermediate flower, and two principal egg-shaped bracteas. Partial Bracteas spear-shaped. Calyx rather longer than the tube of the corolla, thickly clothed with white bristly hairs. Corolla with a shorter tube than in most other species of Anchúsa, and more salver-shaped than funnel-shaped. Limb of a beautiful sky blue; tube short, nearly white; the valves white and downy. Seeds (Nuts of Lind. Syn.) egg-shaped, brown, compressed, with elevated wrinkles, and a cavity at the base of each.

One of our prettiest native plants, and well deserving a place in the Flower Garden.

+ "The Alkanet roots produced in England are very inferior for yielding a fine red colour, to those of A. tinctoria grown in the Levant. The cortical parts only give the dye." Dr. WITHERING.