Hist. v. iv. p. 446.-Herefordshire; In the Northern parts of the County: Mr. DUNCUME. Herts; By the river-side at Rickmansworth: Dr. MARTYN In a marshy meadow near Redburn: Mr. E. FORSTER, jun.-Kent; In a field to the right upon Stonestreet, about eight miles from Hythe: Mr. W. FAGG, in Sm. Pl. of S. Kent.-Leicestershire; Moist closes about Humberston and Evington, near Leicester: Dr. PULTENEY.-Middlesex; Meadow by Bishop's Wood near Hampstead: Mr. CURTIS. River-side about Uxbridge: BLACKSTONE. Top of Muswell Hill: Mr. J. Woods, jun.-Norfolk; At Heigham near Norwich: Mrs. KETT, in Sm. Fl. Brit. Near Brome: Mr. WOODWARD.— Northamptonshire; Meadows near the Ouse, not far from Cosgrove: MORTON. -Northumberland; Between Dunston and Darwenthaugh: Mr. WINCH.Nottinghamshire; In a close between the Leen and Linton churchyard: DEERING.-Shropshire; Near the Mill at Meol; Sutton near Shrewsbury, four miles from Oswestry on the Welch Pool road: Mr. AIKIN.-Somersetshire; Near Yeovil Loud. Mag. Nat. Hist. v. iii. p. 174.-Staffordshire; Near the Infirmary, Stafford : Dr. WITHERING.-Suffolk; Rendham, in a meadow next the Parsonage; North Glemham in one next the road: Rev. G. CRABB. Shipmeadow: Mr. WOODWARD. Low meadows near the Pest House, Bury: Sir T. G. CULLUM.-Surrey; Battersea Meadows: MERRET and Dr. SMITH.-Sussex; Near Midhurst: Mr. BORRER.-Warwickshire; Plentiful in a meadow at Tamworth and Fasely: RAY. Near Packinton: CoUNTESS of AYLESFORD. In a field at Oversley Mr. PURTON. Allesley: Rev. W. T. BREE. Garlic Meadow near Penn's Mill, Erdington: Dr. WITHERING.-Worcestershire; Near Bromsgrove, on the side of the Kidderminster road: Mr. PURTON. Ham Green, near Mathon and Martley: Mr. BALLARD. Moist meadows to the North of Malvern Hills: Mr. E. LEES.-Yorkshire ; Near Rotherham : Mr. L. LANGLEY. About Sheffield, Halifax, and Bradford: RAY. Near C. Howard: TEESDALE. Near Coxwold, and Newburgh: Rev. ARCHD. PIERSON. About Leeds: Rev. W. WOOD. Mackershaw Wood, and meadows near Ripon: Mr. BRUNTON. Near North Lees; Magdale Close above Tanfield: Rev. J. DALTON. Meadow adjoining Fountains Abbey: Mr. D. TURNER.-WALES. Anglesea; Near Llanfaes Church, and on Treffos demesne.-Denbighshire; In a trench without the western wall of the Castle of Ruthin: WARING.-Flintshire; Moist meadows in the front of Plâs On, in the parish of Mold: Mr. GRIFFITH.-SCOTLAND. About Inverary: Mr. LIGHTFOOT. Marshy ground at Roseburn, near Coltbridge, and banks of the North Esk, below Hevock Mill: Mr. MAUGHAN. Waste ground, Kilbride; Glen near Castlemilk; and banks of the Kilvin at Gairbraid: Mr. HOPKIRK. Below Greenock, Bute, and Arran, plentiful: Mr. MURRAY. Rosslyn Woods: Mr. ARNOTT.-IRELAND. Meadows near Bantry: Miss HUTCHINS. In a field at Ashtown near Monkstown: CAPT. PRATT.

Perennial.-Flowers in May and June.

Root large, more or less bent or crooked, somewhat creeping, and furnished with numerous fibres. Stems from 1 to 2 feet high, simple, upright, round, striated, smooth, leafy. Leaves smooth, eggshaped, wavy, bluntish; glaucous beneath; the radical ones on long winged footstalks. Footstalks of the stem-leaves tubular and sheathing, each crowned with a membranous jagged, withered stipula. Spike terminal, upright, round, dense, many-flowered. Partialstalks simple, very slender, with short brown bracteas at the base. Calyx rose-coloured, deeply 5-cleft, blunt, spreading, with nectariferous glands at the base, (fig. 5). Stamens 8, longer than the calyx. Styles quite distinct. Stigmas small, blunt. Seed tri

angular, dark brown, shining+.

Root one of the strongest vegetable astringents. Young shoots sometimes boiled for the table.-M. HEMSTAEDT, of Berlin, has discovered that this plant will tan leather effectually, and with a much smaller quantity than is necessary of oak bark. WITHERING.

PARIS*.

Linnean Class and Order. OCTA'NDRIA†, MONOGYNIA. Natural Order. SMILA'CEE. Dr. R. Brown.-Lindl. Syn. p. 271; Introd. to Nat. Syst. p. 277.-ASPARAGI. Juss. Gen. Plant. p. 40.-Sm. Gr. Bot. p. 71.-ASPARAGI'NEE, Tribe PARI'DEE.Rich. by Macgilliv. p. 402.

GEN. CHAR. Calyx inferior, of 4 spear-shaped, pointed, spreading, permanent sepals (leaves), the length of the petals. Corolla of 4 awl-shaped, spreading, equal, permanent petals, which are similar to the sepals, but narrower and alternate with them. Filaments (fig. 1.) 8, awl-shaped, rather short below the anthers, which are long, strap-shaped, of 2 cells, united by their backs to the middle part of the filaments, whose points rise above them. Germen superior, roundish, with 4 furrows. Styles 4, (fig. 2.), spreading, shorter than the stamens. Stigmas oblong, simple, downy on the upper side. Berry (fig. 2.) nearly globular, with 4 blunt angles, and 4 cells (fig. 3). Seeds several, globular, attached, in 2 rows, to a central receptacle (placenta).

Distinguished from other genera of the same class and order by a calyx of 4 sepals, a corolla of 4 awl-shaped petals, and a berry of 4, many-seeded cells.

One species British.

PA'RIS QUADRIFO'LIA.

berry.

Herb Paris. True-love. One

SPEC. CHAR. Leaves egg-shaped, generally 4 in a whorl, at the top of a simple stem. Flower solitary.

Eng. Bot. t. 7.-Redout. Liliac. t. 226.-Huds. Fl. Angl. (2nd ed.) p. 172.Sm. Fl. Brit. v. i. p. 431. Engl. Fl. v. ii. p. 241.-With. (7th ed.) v. ii. p. 500.-Lind. Syn. p. 271.-Hook. Brit. Fl. p. 184.-Gray's Nat. Arr. v. ii. p. 187.-Lightf. Fl. Scot. v.i. p. 209.-Sibth. Fl. Oxon. p. 131.-Abbot's Fl. Bedf. p. 90.-Purt. Midl. Fl. v. i. p. 201. and v. iii. p. 356.-Relh. Fl. Cant. (3rd ed.) p. 165.-Hook. Fl. Scot p. 122.-Grev. Fl. Edin. p. 91.-Walk. Fl. of Oxf. p. 116.-Rev. G. E. Smith's Plants of South Kent, p. 24.-Mack. Catal. of Pl. Ireland, p. 38.-Professor Henslow, in Loudon's Magazine of Natural History for June, 1832, p. 429.-Herba Paris, Ray's Syn. p. 264.Johnson's Gerarde, p. 405.

LOCALITIES.-In moist shady woods and thickets in many parts of England, and Scotland, but not common.-ENGLAND. Oxfordshire; HeadingtonWick Copse. In a wood in the parish of Mungewell: J. OGLANDER, Esq. Merton College, 1822. Plentiful in Pinsley Wood near Church Handborough, 1833. Wood near Upper Assington, July, 1833: Mr. E. JENNER, Kensington Gardens, Brighton.-Berks; Coppice below Greenham Chapel. Wytham Wood, near Oxford: W. B.-Bedfordsh. Woods at Hawnes, and Renhold; and in Clapham Park Wood.-Bucks; In a chalk-pit in a wood near Little Missenden Church.—Cambridgeshire; Woods at Kingston, Eversden, and Wood Ditton.-Cheshire; In a wood near the Bolling; and not far from Seale Moor. Wood in Brinnington, near Stockport. In plantations near Bostock House.-Cumberland; Bank Wood, Naworth Woods, and road-side between Hatton Moor and Penrith. Isell Wood, near the river.-Derbyshire; Pinxton ; Newton Wood. Love-lane near Derby. In Longford Long-lane, in a pit near Dalbury Lees. Rocks opposite Matlock Bath.-Dorsetsh. Wood at Turnworth, but sparingly; Hanging Woods at Ashcomb; Broadly and Morgan's Wood,

Fig. 1. Stamens.-Fig. 2. Germen and Styles.-Fig. 3. Section of Seedvessel, showing the double row of secds attached to the central receptacle.-Fig. 4. A Stamen magnified.

*Named, it is said, from par, paris, equal, on account of the regularity of its leaves and flowers. Dr. HOOKER. + See Adoxa Moschatellina, p. 42. note.

near Blandford.-Durham; Near Egleston. In deep shades near the Gunner's Pool, Eden Dean.-Essex; Woods about Henham and Quendon. Cracks Wood, Henham, and Widdington Wood. In a wood near Broomfield, and in the Thrift Wood near Chelmsford.-Hampsh. In the Church-litten-Coppice, Selborne.-Herefordsh. Northern parts of the county. Woods near Eastnor.Huntingtonsh. In Ripton Woods.-Kent; About the middle of Byseing Wood, near Feversham. Woods at Waldershaw. In the orchard at the Elms, and in most of the woods about Dover, often with 5, 6, and 7 leaves. In thickets near Lyminge. In Stowting Wood, and in the Wood above the Cherry-garden. near the Turnpike.-Lancash. About Yealand.-Leicestersh. Hollinghall Wood near Loughborough, Buddon Wood, and Stocking Wood near Leicester. Okely Wood near Hathern. Charnwood Forest.—Middlesex; Ken-Wood, Hampstead. Old Park Hanging Wood, and elsewhere about Harefield.-Norfolk In Blackwell, and Pismill Woods. Bedingham Wood near Bungay. Rackheath Wood.-Northamptonsh. In Whittleborough Forest; in Brampton and Cransley Woods; also in Harwick Wood.-Northumberland; Heaton Wood, Scott's Wood near Newcastle, and boggy woods below Morpeth.Nottinghamsh. In Colnwick Wood. About Asply. Pleasley Wood, near Beauvale Abbey and Newton Wood.-Shropsh. Wood ten miles from Shrewsbury on the Ludlow road. Spernal Park, and Cliff Wood near Bridgnorth.Somersetsh. Near Ashby Lodge, on Landsdown. In Stockwood, Keynsham, and in a small copse by the side of the Wells road, eight miles from Bristol.Suffolk; Woods at Rushbrook, and Great Saxham.-Staffordsh. Near Stone. Warwicksh. Locke's Rough near Coleshill. Bannerley Rough, Coleshill, Fillongley, &c.—Westmoreland; Islands in Winandermere.--Worcestersh. Wood near the Devil's Den near Clifton-upon-Teme. Woods and thickets on the side of Breedon Hill. About Frankley. In thick woods at the western bases of the two beacons on Malvern Hills.-Yorkshire; Most of the shady woods about Castle Howard. Near Leeds. Newburgh, Byland, Wass, Hovingham, Conisthorpe Woods. Studley, Hackfall. Morcar Wood by Copgrove, and elsewhere, most common. Near Rotherham.-WALES. Denbighshire; Among the thickets on the north side of Garregwen Rocks, and on the opposite side of the rivulet.-Flintsh. Sparingly in a wood in Treithin, and in one at Broncoed, both near Leeswood.-SCOTLAND. Wood about a mile south of Newbattle, near Dalkeith. Den of Bethaick, four miles from Perth. Banks a little above Calderwood. Banks of the Cart opposite the Mill: and bank of the Kelvin opposite the second Mill, Glasgow. Woods, Aberdeen. Glen of Lenny, north of Loch Menteith.-Fifeshire; Banks of the Isla near Airly Castle. Woods of Lyndock, banks of the Dee, sides of Loch Ness, and woods of Dumblane.-IRELAND. County of Kerry; Ross Woods. Perennial.-Flowers in May and June.

Root creeping, somewhat fleshy. Stem quite simple, from 8 to 12 inches high, upright, round, smooth, naked, except at the top. Leaves broadly egg-shaped, oval, or inversely egg-shaped, pointed, growing in a whorl at the top of the stem, usually 4, rarely 3, 5, or 6; of a dull green. Flower-stalk upright, angular, twisted, simple, and single flowered. Calyx-leaves (sepals) 3-ribbed. Petals narrow and pointed. Anthers yellow. Styles purplish black. Germen violet. Every other part of the flower is of a yellowish green. Berry purplish black.

Plant more curious than beautiful, but well deserving a place in the shrubbery; it should be planted in a shady situation where it is likely not to be disturbed.-Mr. W. TEW, of Church Handborough, brought me some fine specimens from that neighbourhood, (in flower May 11, 1833); amongst them was one with 5 leaves, 5 sepals, 5 petals, 10 stamens, and 5 pistils.

[The Rev. J. S. HENSLOW, A. M. Reg. Prof. of Bot. in the Univ. of Cambridge, has published a very interesting and valuable Paper in LOUDON'S Mag. of Nat. Hist. for June, 1832, p. 429, "On the Varieties of Paris quadrifólia, considered with respect to the Ordinary Characteristics of Monocotyledonous Plants."]

Roots purgative. Berry said to be narcotic and dangerous.