Wh. I fhall not fayle to acquaint him fully with your 1653. majesty's great respect to him.

This was looked uppon by Whitelocke as a great confidence by the queen in him; and when, bicaufe he had not his letters, fhe agayne offred that they might be sent under her cover, and that Bonnele fhould take care of them, he mannerly waived it.

In the evening Whitelocke's letters were brought to him from the poft, wherin Thurloe gave him a perticular account of the change in England, and the manner and all paffages of it; and in his letters were new credentialls for Whitelocke to the queen, figned,

Vefter bonus amicus,
OLIVARIUS.P.

He had also new inftruction, figned alike, to proceed in the treaty with the queen, according to his former inftructions; and he had the newes of the dutch treaty, uppon this occafion a little att a ftand, and the newes of France, and of forrein ftates relating to England.

Jan. 13.

TI

He had also by this pacquet a coppy of the inftrument of governement agreed uppon, and fworne by the protector to be obferved uppon this change.

He perceived that the queen and her court were very much pleased with it; many of her officers and fervants expreffed more then ordinary fatisfaction by it. Whileft himfelfe was ruminating uppon it, one of the queen's fecretaryes, by her order, came to Whitelocke, to whom he communicated part of his newes, and told him, that he defired

to

1653. to waite uppon the queen' agayne when her leisure wouldi permit, this evening, or to-morrow..

Jan. 1.3.

The fecretary went presently to the castle, and returned anfwear to Whitelocke, that the queen: defired he would come to her that night, which he did, though very late, and between them was this- difcourfe ::

Qu. Sir, you are wellcome still to me; and, if poffible,. more then before the change.

Wh.. Madame, it is your goodnes and favour to a gentleman, a stranger in your countrey, who truely honors; your majesty; and you are pleased to fhow much refpect to my generall..

Qu.. Your generall is a gallant man,. and you are fitt to serve any prince in Christendome.

Wh.. I may without vanity thinke the better of him, and of myselfe, bicause of your majesty's judgement..

Qu. My judgement is,. that your affayres in England are: much amended, and better established, by this change then before.

Wh. We hope that our God will give us a fettlement; and we have found much of his favour therin already, and doubt not of the continuance therof to us..

Qu. Is your new governement by a protector different from what it was before as to monarchy, or is the alteration in all points ?

Wh.

Wh. The governement is to be the fame as formerly, by 1653. fucceffive representatives of the people in parlement; only the protector is the head, or chiefe magiftrate, of the comJan. 13. mon-wealth.

Qu. He is a gallant man; and I pray lett him know, that no person hath a greater esteem and respect for him then I have.

Wh. I prefume then, that his letters to your majesty will not be unwellcome.

Qu. They fhall be most wellcome to me.

Wh. I then present these new credentialls to your majesty from his highnes my lord protector.

Qu. What is the reason that the protector's name is putt firft in the letters ?

Wh. The protector's name, figned by himfelfe, is att the bottome of the letter; and the naming of him first is bicause he writes to your majefty, and is the constant forme in England used to all other princes and states.

Qu. If it be used to other princes I am fatisfyed, and expect no other. What is the fubftance of your new go

'vernement?

Wh. I fhall fhew your majesty the inftrument of our new governement, wherof a coppy is fent me; and I fhall reade fuch parts of it to your majesty in french, as may fatisfy you.

Then

1653.

Jan. 13.

Then Whitelocke read unto the queen fome parts of the inftrument of governement; and, when he came to the title, The fayd,

Qu. Why is the title, Protector, when the power is kingly?

Wh. I cannot fatisfy your majefty of the reasons of this title, being att so great a distance from the inventors of it..

Qu.. New titles, with foveraign power,. proved prejudiciall to the state of Rome.

Wh. One of your majesty's aunceftors was not permitted: to keep the title of Marshall of Sweden.

Qu. He was afterwards king; and that will be next for your protector.

Wh. That will not be fo confonant to our common-wealth as it was to your crown.

Qu. It is an honor to our nation, that you have looked. into the story of it..

Wh. It is the duety of an ambassador to study the history of that crown to which he is imployed.,

Qu. It becomes you well; butt why is your new governement fo fevere against the roman catholiques?

Wh. It is not more fevere against them then it was for merly, and in fome things leffe...

Qu. Methinkes that you, who stand so much for liberty, 1653. should allow it to them, as well as to others, in a tolleration of them.

Wh. Their principles are held contrary to the peace of the nation, and therfore they are not tollerated the publique exercise of thofe principles: they hold your majesty's profeffion and ours to be hereticall, and a forrein power to be above you, and above our common-wealth.

Qu. Those among them, who understand themselves, are of another opinion; and it is pitty they should be perfecuted for their confcience fake..

Wh. We are not for perfecution in any point of confcience; butt we expect a submission to the civill magistrate, and nothing to be done to the disturbance of our peace.

Qu. That is fitt to be preferved with all care. protector facred as other kings are ?.

Is your

Wh. He is not anointed and crowned; thofe ceremonies were not used to him..

Qu.. His power is the fame with that of king,, and why fhould not his title have bin the fame ?:

Wh. It is the power which makes the title, and not the title the power; our protector thinkes he hath enough of both.

Qu. He is hardly a mortall man then; butt he hath brought his buifness notably to passe, and hath done great VOL. I.

Tt

things,

Jan. 139.