Calculus on Manifolds: A Modern Approach to Classical Theorems of Advanced CalculusThis little book is especially concerned with those portions of ”advanced calculus” in which the subtlety of the concepts and methods makes rigor difficult to attain at an elementary level. The approach taken here uses elementary versions of modern methods found in sophisticated mathematics. The formal prerequisites include only a term of linear algebra, a nodding acquaintance with the notation of set theory, and a respectable first-year calculus course (one which at least mentions the least upper bound (sup) and greatest lower bound (inf) of a set of real numbers). Beyond this a certain (perhaps latent) rapport with abstract mathematics will be found almost essential. |
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An element of Rn is often called a point in Rn, and R\ R2, R3 are often called the
line, the plane, and space, respectively. If x denotes an element of Rn, then .t is
an n-tuple of numbers, the ;'th one of which is denoted x'\ thus we can write x = (x\
...
An element of Rn is often called a point in Rn, and R\ R2, R3 are often called the
line, the plane, and space, respectively. If x denotes an element of Rn, then .t is
an n-tuple of numbers, the ;'th one of which is denoted x'\ thus we can write x = (x\
...
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If x,y G Rn> then x and y are called perpendicular (or orthogonal) if (x,y) — 0. If x
and y are perpendicular, prove that |« + »|'-W, + W*- SUBSETS OF EUCLIDEAN
SPACE The closed interval [a,b] has a natural analogue in R2. This is the closed
...
If x,y G Rn> then x and y are called perpendicular (or orthogonal) if (x,y) — 0. If x
and y are perpendicular, prove that |« + »|'-W, + W*- SUBSETS OF EUCLIDEAN
SPACE The closed interval [a,b] has a natural analogue in R2. This is the closed
...
11 ページ
FUNCTIONS AND CONTINUITY A function from Rn to Rm (sometimes called a (
vector- valued) function of n variables) is a rule which associates to each point in
Rn some point in Rm; the point a function / associates to x is denoted /(x) .
FUNCTIONS AND CONTINUITY A function from Rn to Rm (sometimes called a (
vector- valued) function of n variables) is a rule which associates to each point in
Rn some point in Rm; the point a function / associates to x is denoted /(x) .
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basis boundary bounded function calculus called chain rule classical theorems closed rectangle compact set consider continuously differentiable coordinate system definition denoted Df(a Dif(a Dif(x,y differentiable function div F Divergence Theorem dy A dz dz A dx equation fc-cube fc-dimensional manifold fc-form fdxl Figure finite number Fubini's theorem function g G Rn Hence Hint induced orientation inner product integrable interior intersects inverse Jordan-measurable l)-form least upper bound Lemma Let A C Rn Let g linear transformation manifold in Rn mathematics matrix measure Michael Spivak ms(f n-chain non-zero open cover open interval open rectangle open set containing orientation-preserving partial derivatives partition of unity Problem prove reader Rm is differentiable satisfies singular n-cube Stokes subrectangle subset suffices Suppose Theorem 2-2 theorem is true unique usual orientation vector field vector space volume element