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be is an irregular verb neuter, in the potential mood, the imperfect tense, and the first person plural. (Repeat the present tense, &c.) Kind is an adjective, in the positive state. (Repeat the degrees of comparison.) To is a preposition. Them is a personal pronoun, of the third person, the plural number, and in the objective case. (Decline it.) Who is a relative pronoun, and in the nominative case. (Decline it.) Are is an irregular verb neuter, indicative mood, present tense, and the third person plural. (Repeat, &c.) Unkind is an adjective in the positive state. (Repeat the degrees of comparison.) To is a preposition. Us is a personal pronoun, of the first person, the plural number, and in the objective case. (Decline it.)

SECTION 2. Specimen of Syntactical Parsing.

"Vice produces misery."

Vice is a common substantive, of the third person, the singular number, and in the nominative case. Produces is a regular verb active, indicative mood, present tense, the third person singular, agreeing with its nominative "vice," according to RULE 1, which says; (here repeat the rule.) Misery is a common substantive, of the third person, the singular number, and the object of the active verb " duces;" or, (as some grammarians think,) the objective case governed by that verb.

Peace and joy are virtue's crown.'

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Peace is a common substantive. (Repeat the person, number, and case.) And is a copulative conjunction. Joy is a common substantive. (Repeat the person, number, and case.) Are is an irregular verb neuter, indicative mood, present tense, and the third person plural, agreeing with the nominative case peace and joy," according to RULE 11. which says; (here repeat the rule.). Virtue's is a common substantive, of the third person, the singular number, and in the possessive case, governed by the substantive "crown," agreeably to RULE X. which says, &c. Crown is a common substantive, of the third person, the singular number, and in the nominative case, agreeably to the fourth note of

RULE XI.

"Wisdom or folly governs us.”

Wisdom is a common substantive. (Repeat the person, number and case.) Or is a disjunctive conjunction. Folly is a common substantive. (Repeat the person, number, and case.) Governs is a regular verb active, indicative mood, present tense, and the third person singular, agreeing with its nominative case "wisdom" or "folly," according to RULE 111. which says, &c. Us is a personal pronoun, of the first person, plural number, and in the objective case, governed by the active verb "governs," agreeably to RULE XI. which says, &c.

"Every heart knows its sorrows."

Every is an adjective pronoun of the distributive kind, agreeing with its substantive "heart," according to Note 2. under RULE VI. which says, &c. Heart is a common substantive. (Repeat the person, number, and case.) Knows is an irregular verb active, indicative mood, present tense, third person singular, agreeing with its nominative case "heart," according to RULE 1. which says, &c. Its is a personal pronoun of the third person singular, and of the neuter gender, to agree with its substantive "heart,” according to RULE v. which says, &c. it is in the possessive case, governed by the noun sorrows," according to RULE *. which says, &c. Sorrows is a common substantive, of the third person, the plural number, and the object of the active verb "knows;" or, the objective case governed by that verb.

"The man is happy who lives wisely.""

The is the definite article. Man is a common substantive. (Repeat the person number, and case.) Is is an irregular verb neuter, indicative mood, present tense, and the

person singular, agreeing with the nominative case 40 man," according to RULE I. which says, &c. Happy is an adjective in the positive state. Who is a relative pronoun, which has for its antecedent," man," with which it agrees in gender and number, according to RULE V. which says, &c. Lives is a regular verb neuter, indicative mood, present tense, third person singular, agreeing with its nominative "who," according to RULE VI. which says, &c. Wisely is an adverb of quality, placed after the verb1 according to RULE XV.

Will be pardoned is a regular passive verb, indicative mood, first future tense, and the third person singular, agreeing with its nominative "he," according to RULE I. and composed of the auxiliaries " will be," and the passive participle "pardoned." Not is a negative adverb. Unless is a disjunctive conjunction. He is a personal pronoun. (Repeat the person, number, gender, and case.) Repent is a regular verb neuter, in the subjunctive mood, the present tense, the third person singular, and agrees with its nominative case "he," according to RULE 1. which says, &c. It is in the subjunctive mood, because it implies a future sense, and denotes uncertainty signified by the conjunction unless," agreeably to RULE XIX. and the notes.

"Good works being neglected, devotion is false."

Good works being neglected, being independent on the rest of the sentence, is the case absolute, according to the fifth note of RULE I. Devotion is a common substantive. (Repeat the number, person, and case.) Is is an irregular verb neuter. (Repeat the mood, tense, person, &c.) False is an adjective in the positive state, and belongs to its substantive" devotion" understood, agreeably to RULES VIII. which says, &c.

"The emperor, Marcus Aurelius, was a wise and virtuous prince."

The is the definite article. Emperor is a common substantive, of the third person, the singular number, and in the nominative case. Marcus Aurelius is a proper name or substantive, and in the nominative case, because it is put in apposition with the substantive "emperor," agreeably to the first note of RULE X. Was is an irregular verb neuter, indicative mood, imperfect tense, and the third person singular, agreeing with its nominative case empe. ror," according to RULE 1. A is the indefinite article. Wise is an adjective, and belongs to its substantive "prince." And is a copulative conjunction. Virtuous is an adjective, and belongs, &c. Prince is a common substantive, and in the nominative case, agreeably to the fourth note of

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To err, is the infinitive mood, and the nominative case, to the verb is. Is is an irregular verb neuter, indicative

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mood, present tense, and the third person singular, agreeing with its nominative case" to err," agreeably to Note 1. under RULE the first. Human is an adjective, and belongs to its substantive "nature" understood, according to RULE VIII. which says, &c.

"To countenance persons who are guilty of bad actions, is but one remove from actually committing them.'

To countenance persons who are guilty of bad actions, is part of a sentence which is the nominative case to the verb "is." Is is an irregular verb neuter, &c. agreeing with the aforementioned part of a sentence, as its nominative case, agreeably to Note 1. under RULE the first. But is a disjunctive conjunction. One is a numeral adjective, agreeing with its substantive "remove.” Remove is a common substantive, of the third person, the singular number, and in the nominative case, agreeably to the fourth note of RULE XI. From is a preposition. Commit ing is the present participle of the regular active verb "to commit." Them is a personal pronoun, of the third person, the plural number, and in the objective case, governed by the participle "committing," agreeably to RULE XIV. which says, &c.

The preceding specimens of parsing, if carefully studied by the learner, seem to be sufficiently explicit, to enable him to comprehend the nature of this employment; and sufficiently diversified, to qualify him, in other exercises, to point out and apply the remaining rules, both principal and subordinate.

PART IV.

PROSODY.

PROSODY consists of two parts: the former teaches the true PRONUNCIATION of words, comprising ACCENT, QUANTITY, EMPHASIS, PAUSE and TONE; and the latter, the laws of VERSIFICATION.

CHAPTER I.

OF PRONUNCIATION..

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SECTION 1. Of Accent.

ACCENT is the laying of a peculiar stress of the voice, on a certain letter or syllable in a word, that it be better heard than the rest, or distinguish ed from them: as,.in the word presúme, the stress of the voice must be on the letter u, and second syllable, sume, which take the accent.

As words may be formed of a different number of syl. lables, from one to eight or nine, it was necessary to have some peculiar mark to distinguish words from mere syllables; otherwise speech would be only a continued succession of syllables, without conveying ideas: for, as words are the marks of ideas, any confusion in the marks, must cause the same in the ideas for which they stand. It was therefore necessary, that the mind should at once perceive what number of syllables belongs to each word. in utterance. This might be done by a perceptible pause at the end of each word in speaking, as we form a certain distance between them in writing and printing. But this would make discourse extremely tedious; and though it might render words distinct, would make the meaning of sentences confused. Syllables might also be sufficiently distinguished by a certain elevation or depression of voice upon one syllable of each word, which was the practice of

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