72 Stanzas. [April STANZAS, WRITTEN UPON ROBERT, THE SON OF CAPTAIN S. SHAW, OF THE 1. By JAMES CROSSLEY, ESQ. A WITCHING child, to whom 'tis given Pure, as if earth, and earth's despising, Thou wert but just to life arising- With innocence and archness dawning- 2. Born, where the giant Ganges pours And but the gentlest, kiss its sweetness: With more than parent's fondness hover; And all its budding charms discover- 3. Far, far from thee be sorrow's blight, With bounding mirth and heav'nly glad. ness; For sure thou should'st a temple be, With nought of earthly mould or stain- To catch the glories of the sky; And sure that forehead, white as snow, 4. Tho' Sorrow's lot is borne by each, To torture these, and those to spare, ness Itself, should strong protection yield, 5. Such, oh! may such be ne'er thy fate; Thy couch may withering anguish flee: Of joy the giver and partaker, Gives to the breeze his soul, as tost That sounds so sweet should stray below, Its magic whispers come and go, 'Tis sweet to pause as on we creep, Hakon Jarl, a Tragedy; by Adam Oehlenschlager. We are about to introduce to the acquaintance of our readers, a great poet of Denmark, whose compositions, in his native language, have rendered him the chief living pride of his own country; while his German versions of these same compositions have entitled him, according to the judgment of his most enlightened contemporaries, to sit with the full privileges of an honoured denizen among the heirs and representatives of the illustrious founders of the modern poetry of Gerinany. The most severe of German critics are constrained to admit, that Oehlenschlager writes the language of Schiller as correctly, as if its accents had been the earliest that ever fell on his ear-so that we might very safely have considered him in the light of a proper German classic, and proceeded to analyze his works in part of the same series which has already made known to the readers of England the merits of Adolphus Müllner, and Francis Grillparzer. But every man of genius owes to his own country the sacred debt of cultivating, preserving, and cherishing her language; and as Oehlenschlager has, in spite of many temptations, adhered through life to this rule of duty, we should think ourselves very much to blame were we to treat him merely as a German poet. The literature of which he is the chief living ornament, is indeed closely allied to that of Germany; but it has been developed, notwithstanding, in a manner perfectly independent. It is as different from the literature of Germany as the literature of Germany is from that of England-or as the literature of Porfugal is from that of Castille. Acting upon the same general principle of art, which has swayed the greatest of the German masters in their most successful efforts, the Danes have, in consequence of this very adherence, become poets of a totally different order from the Germans. Like them, they are intensely national-and that single circumstance points out abundantly both the nature of the resemblance they bear to them, and the wide measure of the difference which obtains between them. Drawing their imagery from the kindred, but far purer sources of Scandinavian mythology and romance-and applying these, and all the other instruments of their art, to the illustrations of the history, the manners, and the old life of a kindred also, but nevertheless a very different people, the poets who sing of the downfall of Odin, and the rearing of the Cross among the rough Earls of the Baltic shores, are in no danger of being confounded, by such as have studied their works, with those that record the proud visions of Wallenstein, and the mild generosity of Eg mont. Of all the modern Danish Poets, Oehlenschlager is the most deeply and essentially imbued with this prevailing spirit of Scandinavian thought. Almost all the tragedies he has written and all his excellent tragedies, with the one splendid exception of the Coneggio-are founded on incidents of the old history of the Norsemen. The wild unbridled spirits of those haughty Sea-kings that carried ravage and terror upon all the coasts of Europe-the high, warm, unswerving love of those northern dames that welcomed them on their return to their native ice-girt fastnesses-the dark ferocious superstitions which made these bold men the willing sport and tools of demons-their sacrifices of blood-their uprootings of tenderness -their solemn and rejoicing submission when fate irresistible arrests them in their buoyant and triumphant breath of strife-their hot impetuous lawless living-their cold calm dying-and their desperate ignorance of the name of despair-such are the characters and such the passions that Oehlenschlager has delighted to contemplate as an antiquarian, and dared to depict as a Tragedian. The materials are rich surely-but it demanded all the audacity of genius to grapple with them and all the delicacies of perfect skill to adorn the victory and justify the boldness. The history of Earl Hakon, well known to all those who have read the Scandinavian ballads, forms the subject of, we think, the noblest of all this poet's tragedies. Olaf, the son of Harald the golden-haired, the rightful heir of the crown of Norway, was left by his father in possession of his Irish conquests, and there maintained in his youth the state of a pirate king-but all his Scandinavian possessions, except only the royal title, were usurped in his infancy by Earl Hakon. The young king, however, in the course of one of his expeditions, landed on one of the green islands off the Norwegian coast, and his arrival there was no sooner known, than a strong party in Norway, disgusted with the tyrannies and the licentiousness of the usurper, began to proclaim their sense of his rights, and their determination to throw off their allegiance to Hakon. The Christian faith of Olaf, however, (for the young prince had been converted at Dublin) gives Hakon confidence he is persuaded that Odin will protect him, and that the mass of his subjects will not receive as their monarch an apostate from the creed of their forefathers. The first scene we shall extract represents Hakon as talking in a holy grove of pines, with Thorer, one of his chief captains, concerning the arrival of the Christian prince. Hak. We are alone. Within this sacred wood Dares no one come but Odin's priests and Tho. Such confidence, my lord, makes Hak. So, Thorer, thou believ'st all that Was told of Olaf Trygvason at table, Hak. Thou art a man even after mine own heart! For such a friend oft had I long'd.—With prudence Thou know'st to regulate thine own affairs; And as thy wisdom is exerted, still Tho. The gods endow us With souls and bodies-Each must bear their part. Hak. Man soon discovers that to which by nature He has been destin'd. His own impulses Awake the slumbering energies of mind; Thence he attains what he feels power to reach; Nor for his actions other ground requires. Tho. It is most true. Gudrun, daughter of the old Smith Bergthor, has come thither to make an offering to the Goddess Freya, for she is a bride, and the day of her nuptials is at hand. The earl is captivated by her beauty, and immediately begins to urge the suit of a tyrant with tyrannic boldness; but the arrival of Carlsofut and Jostein, two more of his friends, constrains him to resume his conversation concerning Olaf, and the maiden makes her escape for the present. Hak. Enough. I call'd you to this meet- That I may speak in friendly confidence: My name has spread o'er Norway with re nown, Only mine enemies can my fame decry. That strives to darken its last purple radiance! Weak Harald Schaafell, and his brothers, Tho. Where is that cloud? Hak. Even in the West. Tho. Thou mean'st Olaf in Dublin? Hak. He is sprung from Harald, Surnam'd the Yellow-lock'd-Know'st thou the Norsemen ? A powerful, strong, heroic race, yet full I know full well that in a moment's space Tho. Can this be so? Hak. I know my people.-And shall this enthusiast, This traitor to his country (who has serv’d Tho. Who dare think so? Hak. I think so, friend, and Olaf too- Now mark me: He is the last descendant of King Harald; The speech of the earl is here interrupted by the discovery that he is overheard by a beautiful virgin, who had concealed herself behind one of the consecrated trees. This maiden VOL. VIL now Injure the realm no more; for they are fallen! If I prov'd faithless to the gold-rich Harald, Yet had his baseness well deserved his fate.-The youthful powers of Jomsburg now no more May fill the seas with terror. I have them Thor. 'Tis no more than justice. Hak. Olaf alone is left of the old line; And think'st thou he is tranquil now in Ireland? What would'st thou say, wise Thorer, if I told thee, In one brief word, that he is here ? Far through the land is hated; that men wait But for a warrior of the rightful line To tear him from the throne. If this succeeds, Then let him disembark. On the firm Right gladly will I try the chance of war ; Thor. Now, Sir, I understand, And am obedient. Hak. Thou shall not in vain Have served me, Thorer. Tho. That, indeed, I know, Hakon; at which instant the marble statue of Odin falls to the ground. Hakon endeavours to persuade them that the marble has long been in a state of decay; but after their departure, expresses, in a soliloquy, his sensibility to the event as a disastrous omen. The concluding scene of the first act has been much approved by a contemporary critic, Francis Horn. In it, Hakon is represented as visiting the old Smith already alluded to. After expressing his admiration of Gudrun, (whom her father by this time has locked up in a cellar with iron doors) he tries on his crown, which, being framed on an old measure of the Norwegian kings, is too large, and falls down over his eyes. He threatens the unsuccessful maker, and gives him three days to complete his work ;-on which Bergthor observes: I am an old man; and my hoary head hours! The second act opens with the first interview between the crafty ambassador of Hakon and king OlafCarlshofort and Jostein, are also preat which the cousins of the latter, sent. Olaf thus beautifully describes the feelings by which he had been guided to visit his native land. Olaf. How stands old Norway, then, dear friends?-I go, As you perchance have heard, to Russia.There lately died my foster-father Waldemar Hakon's rewards are princely, yet without The kingdom is disordered ;-and his son, them Iman, my friend, defends the Christian faith. I hasten to his aid in war and council,- I had no thought of Norway. Yet behold rocks Rose on my sight. There with their massy boughs The dark tall pine trees seem'd to beckon to me! Then all at once, the azure waves that play'd |