Principles of Political Economy: With Some of Their Applications to Social Philosophy, 第 1 巻

John W. Parker, West Strand, 1848 - 566 ページ

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PRODUCTION	1

Of Labour as an Agent of Production	37

4	44

Of Unproductive Labour Page	55

1 Labour does not produce objects but utilities	57

Productive labour is that which produces utilities fixed and embodied in material objects	60

All other labour however useful is classed as unproductive	61

Productive and Unproductive Consumption	64

in training intelligence	330

in promoting forethought and selfcontrol	332

Their effect on population	336

Labour which relates to human beings	340

on the subdivision of land	341

Of Metayers 1 Nature of the metayer system and its varieties	347

Its advantages and inconveniences	349

Evidence concerning its effects in different countries	352

Labour for the supply of Productive Consumption and labour for the supply of Unproductive Consumption	65

Of Capital 1 Capital is wealth appropriated to reproductive employment	67

More capital devoted to production than actually employed in it	70

Examination of some cases illustrative of the idea of Capital	73

Fundamental Propositions respecting Capital 1 Industry is limited by Capital	78

but does not always come up to that limit	80

Increase of capital gives increased employment to labour without assignable bounds	82

Capital is the result of saving	85

All Capital is consumed	87

Capital is kept up not by preservation but by perpetual reproduction	92

Why countries recover rapidly from a state of devastation	93

Effects of defraying government expenditure by loans	94

Demand for commodities is not demand for labour	97

Fallacy respecting Taxation	103

1 Fixed and Circulating Capital what	107

Increase of fixed capital when at the expense of circulating might be detrimental to the labourers	110

this seldom if ever occurs	114

Of Cooperation or the Combination	138

Of Production on a Large	158

Of the Law of the Increase of Labour	186

Of the Law of the Increase of Capital	194

Consequences of the foregoing Laws	225

4	235

4	250

The institution of property implies freedom of acquisition	256

6	270

Of the Classes among whom	279

Slavery considered in relation to the slaves	285

2	294

4	310

Continuation of the same subject Page 1 Influence of peasant properties in stimulating industry	328

Is its abolition desirable?	365

Of Cottiers 1 Nature and operation of cottier tenure	368

In an overpeopled country its necessary consequence is nominal rents	371

which are inconsistent with industry frugality or restraint on population	374

Ryot tenancy of India	376

Means of abolishing Cottier Tenancy 1 Mode of disposing of a cottier population the vital question for Ireland	381

To convert them into hired labourers not desirable nor prac ticable	382

Labour of invention and discovery	386

Limitation of rent by law or custom indispensable	387

Fixity of Tenure considered	389

Tenant Right	390

Location of peasant proprietors on the waste lands	391

Labour agricultural manufacturing and commercial	392

Resources supplementary to the waste lands	396

Probable consequences of the measures recommended	398

words on population and capital	401

which are in some cases legal	413

Of Popular Remedies for Low Wages	424

The Remedies for Low Wages further	439

and by large measures of immediate relief through foreign	449

Of Profits	477

Of Rent	496

Of Value	513

Of Demand and Supply in their	522

Of Cost of Production in its relation	533

Ultimate Analysis of Cost of Production	540

Profits an element in Cost of Production in so far as they	546

of Production in the most unfavourable existing cir	555

Summary of the Theory of Value	566

Substance of three articles in the Morning Chronicle of 11th	576

多く使われている語句

Adam Smith advantage agricultural amount applied capitalist causes circulating capital condition considerable consumed consumption cultivation degree demand diminished division of labour duction ductive effect employment England English equivalent exertion existing expenditure expense farmer favourable fixed capital flax France funds greater gross produce habits human hundred quarters improvement income increase individual industry interest Ireland kind labour and capital labour employed labouring classes land landlord less limited machinery maintain mankind manufacture manure material means ment metayer mode nations natural agents necessary objects obtained occupation operations paid peasant peasant proprietors persons plough political economy population portion possession principle productive consumers productive labourers productive power profit proportion purpose quantity racter remuneration render rent require saving slavery slaves small farms society soil subsistence sufficient supply suppose surplus taxes things tion tivated unless unproductive wages wealth whole

人気のある引用

147 ページ - Those ten persons, therefore, could make among them upwards of forty-eight thousand pins in a day. Each person, therefore, making a tenth part of forty-eight thousand pins, might be considered as making four thousand eight hundred pins in a day. But if they had all wrought separately and independently, and without any of them having been educated to this peculiar business, they certainly could not each of them have made twenty, perhaps not one pin in a day...

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149 ページ - This great increase of the quantity of work which, in consequence of the division of labour, the same number of people are capable of performing, is owing to three different circumstances; first, to the increase of dexterity in every particular workman; secondly, to the saving of the time which is commonly lost in passing from one species of work to another ; and lastly, to the invention of a great number of machines which facilitate and abridge labour, and enable one man to do the work of many.

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240 ページ - It is not so with the Distribution of Wealth. That is a matter of human institution solely. The things once there, mankind, individually or collectively, can do with them as they like.

1848～2006 年の 187 冊の書籍に記載されています

146 ページ - One man draws out the wire; another straights it; a third cuts it; a fourth points it; a fifth grinds it at the top for receiving the head...

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240 ページ - The distribution of wealth, therefore, depends on the laws and customs of society. The rules by which it is determined, are what the opinions and feelings of the ruling portion of the community make them, and are very different in different ages and countries; and might be still more different, if mankind so chose.

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151 ページ - The habit of sauntering, and of indolent careless application, which is naturally, or rather necessarily, acquired by every country workman who is obliged to change his work and his tools every half hour, and to apply his hand in twenty different ways almost every day of his life, renders him almost always slothful and lazy, and incapable of any vigorous application, even on the most pressing occasions.

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329 ページ - Give a man the secure possession of a bleak rock, and he will turn it into a garden ; give him a nine years' lease of a garden, and he will convert it into a desert.

1792～2008 年の 279 冊の書籍に記載されています

150 ページ - It is impossible to pass very quickly from one kind of work to another, that is carried on in a different place, and with quite different tools. A country weaver, who cultivates a small farm, must lose a good deal of time in passing from MB loom to the field, and from the field to his loom.

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271 ページ - private property was it ever contemplated that the proprietor of land should be merely a sinecurist quartered on it.

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244 ページ - The objection ordinarily made to a system of community of property and equal distribution of the produce, that each person would be incessantly occupied in evading his fair share of the work, points, undoubtedly, to a real difficulty.

1848～2006 年の 45 冊の書籍に記載されています

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著者について (1848)

John Stuart Mill, Classical economist, was born in 1806. His father was the Ricardian economist, James Mill. John Stuart Mill's writings on economics and philosophy were prodigious. His "Principles of Political Economy, With Some of Their Applications to Social Philosophy," published in 1848, was the leading economics textbook of the English-speaking world during the second half of the 19th century. Some of Mill's other works include "Considerations on Representative Government," "Auguste Comte and Positivism," "The Subjection of Women," and "Three Essays on Religion." John Mill died in 1873.

書誌情報

書籍名	Principles of Political Economy: With Some of Their Applications to Social Philosophy, 第 1 巻 Principles of Political Economy: With Some of Their Applications to Social Philosophy, John Stuart Mill
著者	John Stuart Mill
出版社	John W. Parker, West Strand, 1848
書籍の提供元	オックスフォード大学
デジタル化された日	2006年6月23日
ISBN	0598983848, 9780598983848
ページ数	566 ページ

引用のエクスポート	BiBTeX EndNote RefMan

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