1 Populus fastigiata. 2 Salix babylonica. 3 Chamaerops humilis. 4 Maranta arundinaca Sarracenia purpurea. 6 Dionea muscipula. 7 Phallus impudicus. 8 Agaricus cretaceur 9 Boletus

EXPLANATION OF PLATE III.

Fig. 1. POPULUS fastigiata.* (Family Amentace.) Diacious-tree. It was orga nally carried from the Levant into France, and is known in the United States as the Lombardy poplar. Trunk vertical. Branches erect, fastigiate. The staminate flowers only are known in this country.

Fig. 2. SALIX babylonica. Weeping-willow. (Family Amentacea.) A Diœcious tree, growing to the height of 35 feet; it was originally from the Levant. The fertile plant only exists in this country. Stem branching; the branches are supple, pendent. Leaves alternate, lanceolate.

Fig. 3. CHAMEROPS humilis. (Family of the Palms.) Diacious tree, whose height varies from 4 to 30 feet. It grows in Barbary, Spain, and Italy. Its fruit is called wild dates.

Fig. 4. MARANTA arundinacea. Arrow-root. (Family Canna.) Perennial plant, four feet high; native of South America. Stem herbaceous, slender, branching. Leaves entire, oval-lanceolate, petioled. Petioles short, sheathing. Flowers terminal. The root of this plant affords a substance resembling starch in many of its properties; this is much valued for its nutritious qualities. The plant belongs to Monandria Monogynia.

Fig. 5. SARRACENIA purpurea. (Family undetermined.) Side-saddle flower; an herbaceous plant peculiar to marshes of North America. Leaves radical, ascidiate. Calyx five-sepalled. Corolla five-petalled.

Fig. 6. DIONEA muscipula. Venus' fly-trap. (Family uncertain.) Perennial, herbaceous. Scape vertical, about eight inches high. Leaves radical, radiating from the centre, petioled. Petiole cruciform. Leaf round, folds itself up suddenly on being touched. Flowers corymbed. Decandria Monogynia.

Fig. 7. PHALLUS impudicus. (Family of the Fungi.) Mushroom called morel. A, young plant still enclosed in its volva. B, a plant perfectly developed; a, volva which has burst to make room for the pedicel, b; c, pileus; d, umbo, a central part of the hat, which is pierced in its turn.

Fig. 8. AGARICUS cretaceus. (Family of the Fungi.) Mushroom without a volva. a, pedicel; b, neck; c, pileus; d, interior surface, forming a layer for the seeds to rest in; e, umbo.

Fig. 9. BOLETUS salicinus. Parasite. (Family Fungi.) Pileus dimidiate, sessile.

* The dilitata of most authors.

↑ Lindley establishes a family, Sarracenia, in which this is the only genus; he considers it to be allied to Papaveracem, on account of its dilated stigma, its indefinite number of stamens, and small embryo lying at the base of copious albumen. He also thinks it nearly related to Droseraceae, or to whatever family the Dionæa may be placed in. The pitcher-form leaf of the Sarracenia is analogous to the dilated foot-stalk of the Dionæa, and the lid of the pitcher in the former leaf is represented by the irritable lamina in the latter. In the structure of its leaves, the Sarracenia is related to the family Nepenthese, containing the picber plant.

Referred by Lindley to Droseraces.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE IV.

Fig. 1. CARICA papaya. Papaw-tree. (Family unknown.)* The name carica 13 from Caria, where the tree was first cultivated. Dicecious. 20 feet high. It is a native of the East and West Indies and Guinea-Fig. 1. A fertile plant. Trunk very simple, vertical, cylindric, marked with cicatrices produced by the fall of leaves. Leaves terminal, large, seven-lobed, petioled. Petioles two or three feet long. Flowers grow at the base of the petioles. Berries large, furrowed, depressed in the centre. The green fruit is eaten by the Indians in the same manner as we use the turnip. The buds are used for sweetmeats. The ripe fruit is eaten for a dessert, like melons.

Fig. 2. CRESCENTIA cujete. Calabash-tree. A tree 16 feet in height; native of South America and the West Indies. Trunk thick. Branches horizontal or reflexed. Leaves fasciculate, obovate, cruciform, fascicles alternate. Flowers rameus, sometimes cauline, solitary. Calyx campanulate, bi-lobed. Corolla large, sub-campanulate. Berries large, resembling the pumpkin in figure; the epicarp cortical, like that of the go:ird.

Fig. 3. VANILLA aromatica. (Family of the Orchidea.) This plant is sometimes ca led Epidendron vanilla, the generic name being derived from epi, upon, and dendron, a tree, because the plant grows parasitically on the trunks and branches of trees. It is perennial, climbing, parasitic; a native of South America. Stems cylindric; flowers ramose, producing roots at every joint, which fasten themselves to the bark of trees. Leives alternate, oval, oblong, acute, thick. Flowers in terminal spikes, which are la and pendent. Perianth simple, six-lobed. Capsule fusiform, containing small black seeds which have an aromatic taste and fragrant smell; they are used as perfur les. This plant belongs to Gynandria Monandria.

Jig. 4. NEPENTHES distillatoria. (Family unknown.) A perennial plant of the Indies. Stem simple, with leaves towards the base. Leaves alternate, large, oval, lar ceolate, contracting at the base into petioles which are semi-amplexicaulis, and ter ninated at the suminit by a tendril which supports an ascidium; this is cylindric, and furnished with an operculum which opens and shuts according to the state of the ati tosphere. Flowers terminal, panicled."

lig. 5. SEMPERVIVUM tectorum. House-leek tribe. The generic name is derived fron the Latin, semper, always, vivire, to live, and the specific name from tectum, hose. This is a perennial, herbaceous plant, which grows to the height of sixteen inches. The stem is simple, vertical, foliated. Leaves succulent, oblong, alternate; racical leaves cordate. Flowers in close panicles. Polyandria Polygynia.

lig. 6. PANICUM italicum. (Family of the Grasses.) An herbaceous, annual plant, two feet in height, a native of India. Culm erect. Leaves elongate, lanceolate, sheathing. Spike elongated, compounded of numerous spikelets.

Fig. 7. CLATHRUS cancellatus. Mushroom. (Family of the Fungi.) A, young lant enclosed in its volva. B, another more advanced; a, volva ruptured; b, peridium beginning to appear. C, a plant entirely developed. The peridium is globular and cancellated.

Lindley forms of this a distinct family, called Parayacca. He considers it as allied to the Passion flower tribe, in its fruit; and to the Fig tribe, in the separation of stamens and pistis, and in its milky juca which resembles that found in some species of Ficus.

+ Formed by Lindley into a new family, Nepenther.

↑ Belonging to the Crassulaceae of Lindley; allied to the Cacti and Euphorbia.

1 Carica papaya. 2 Crescentia cujete. 3 Vanilla aromatica. 4 Nepenthes distillatoria

5 Sempervivum tectorum. 6 Panicum italicum. 7 Clathrus cancellatus.