GREAT MOGUL; (a) down to the GOLDEN CHER- gra; fince it is very much diminifh'd. There is a noble Walk of tall Trees on both Sides of the Road from it to Agra, which is 150 Miles diftant. The Province of Labor is called alfo Pengah, Perf. i. e. The City of five Waters; because it is water'd by five Rivers, viz. Bary, Bebat, Obcham, Wibi, and Sindar. Many will have this Country to be the Kingdom of King Porus, who fo valiantly oppos'd Alexander the Great; and Labor to be the Bucephalia, which he founded in the Memory of his famous charging Horfe, called Bucephalus, Gr. i. e. The OxHead, who died there not of his Wounds, but of old Age: For he was the next Conqueror after Bacchus, who opened a Communication to the Indies, as far as China, 330 Years before the Incarnation, which facilitated the Propagation of the Gospel to St. Thomas, Bartholomew, Pantanus, and other zealous Preachers; and Tamerlane was the next, Labor is 360 Miles from Agra to the South, and 180 Miles Eaft of Multan. (a) Moghul, or Moghol ;Tatar. i. e. White; because they defcended from the Moghol Tatars, or fome white Men, who invaded India under a Captain or King call'd Mogor or Mogol; and erected a Kingdom in Ben gal, &c. about A. D. 1187. In the Tatarian Mung Lang fignifies Melancholy; becaule Mogul or Mungal the Son of Alanza fat Chan, the firft Monarch, was a Man of a melancholy Difpofition: Their Country, which lies in Turceftan Tatary, is called Moguls are the Race of the fa. ftill Moghelftan. The prefent mous Tamerlane, who conquered Moguls are Emperors of all InIndia, A. D. 1400. Now the dia, extending from Perfia on China on the East, and the Inthe Weft, Tatary on the North. dian Ocean on the South; they Earth, and their Dominions are are the richeft Monarchs upon of the vafteft Extent, being divided into 35 different Kingdoms. He and fome of his Subjects are Muhammedans; the reft are Idolaters, except fome Eurepeans, who trade there. (b) Cherfonefe, Lat. Gr. i. e. A Peninfula. A Geographical Term; because it is a Piece of Land furrounded with Sea, but at one Place, which unites it to the Continent or Main Land; an Ifthmus. Many Places are fo called, but this is a vaft Tract large Peninfula of Ganges, the of Land, comprehending the moit Southern Part of the Eaft Indies, between Sumatra and Borneo, call'd by the Ancients the Golden Cherfonefe; because it abounded with Gold: Now the Promontory of Malaca, from Malaca the chief City of it. Royal Seat was Ecbatan. Per(c) Emperor of Perfia, who e fia in facred Scripture is call'd Cuth, Heb. i. c. Lurking or hid den'; fat in ECB AT AN, (d) or fince in ISPAHAN: (e) den; alío Elam, and the People Elamites; from Elam the Son of Sem, who firft fettled there with his Pofterity. In the Reign of Cyrus, about A. M. 3419, before Chrift 531, it began first to be call'd Perfia, Heb. i. e. Horsemen or Troopers; because he taught thofe People the Ufe of War and Horses. The Perfians and Tatars call it Iris or Iran, from Irige, eldeft Son of Fraydun, 7th King of the firft Race of their Monarchs. It is the most antient and renowned Empire in both divine and human History. It is about 1440 Miles in Lengib, and 1260 in Breadth, in the Middle of Afia; having Tatary and the Caspian Sea on the North, the River Indus on the East, the Indian Ocean on the South; Euphrates, Tygris, and the Perfian Guiph on the Weft; and confifts of eleven vaft Provinces, befides other Acquifitions. Now the Inhabitants call it Farfitan, and the Empire of the Sophy. (d) Ecbatan, or Ecbatana; Arab i. e. Of divers Colours; because the Walls and Towers were built of seven different colour'd Stones, which did caft a glorious Splendor. It is called Achemetha, Efdr. 6. 2. and by the Inhabitants Tebris, Cafbin, now Tauris. It was built by Seleucus, according to Pliny; repaired and enlarged by Arphaxad, whom fome call Dejoces. See Judith 1. 1, 2, 3, 4. about A. M. 3400, according to Herodotus. It was the first Capital of Or Media, then of Perfia; was the richest City in the World, and confifted of many stately Palaces, Courts, Sepulchres of their Emperors, and of their whole Treafures. There Daniel the Prophet erected an admirable Palace. The Emperors of Perfia had four noble Palaces; they refided at Ecbatana in the Winter, at Sufa in the Summer, at Perfepolis in the Autumn, and Babylon in the rest of the Year. The Turks facked it often, but the Perfians have kept Poffeffion of it fince A. D. 1603. (e) Ispahan, by fome Hagifan, by the Armenians Spubun and now Iffahan, Perf. i. e. The happy City, or The City of the Whites. The Metropolis of all Perfia, in the Province of I raca or Erach, the antient Parthia; it is 70 Miles South from Cafbin, 80 North from Ormus. Scach Abbas the Emperor of Perfia, fixed his Royal Seat there, beautified, enlarged, and enriched it; and there his Succeffors have kept their Courts these 200 Years paft. It is thought to be the antient Affadama or Spada, and was called Hecatompolis, Gr. i. e. Having 100 Gates, but now 7. It is one of the greatest Cities upon Earth, walled round with Earthen Walls, which is a fingular Thing in Perfia, about 30 Miles round, in a very fruitful Plain, and washed by the River Zenderu, which is as broad and deep as the River Thames is at London; very rich, of a vast Trade from all Places, and po pulous; Or where the CZAR (f) of RUSSIA fat in Moscow; (g) or the TURKISH SULTAN (b) in By pulous; they reckon a Million of Souls in it; having 162 Mofques, 48 Colleges, 1802 Inns, 273 Baths, 12 large Burying Places, which are without the City, as they are over all Perfia; and fo they were over all the Earth, 'till about 1000 Years ago; but fome Houles take up 20 Acres of Ground. The Armenians have an Archbifhop and zo Churches in it. It is about 2000 Miles from Confantinople to the South-Eaft, and 2600 from London. There is alfo the first Madresha or Academy of all the nine that are in Perfia. (f) Czar; or Tzar, i. e. King; or Sclavon. The Emperor. A Title of the Emperors of Muscovy or Ruffia. It was firft affumed by Iwan Wafielewitz, when he conquered the City of Cufcan, and was crowned there, A. D. 1552. (g) Moscow, or Moskowa; Heb. from the Mofchi or Mofci, an antient People, who defcended from Mèfech, the Son of Japhet, Gen. 10. 2. Exe7. 27. 13. 38. 3. and firft inhabited the Country of Colchis. It is the chief City of Muscovy, upon the Banks of the River Mof cow, and gives the Name to that vaft Empire in the North of Europe. This City is old, large, populous, and rich; built of Wood, ill contrived, not paved, and was founded A. D. 1334. The chief Church called Jerufalem, was founded by John ZANTIUM. The HouThe Bafilides I. But he put out the Eyes of the Architect, that he might never contrive nor build fuch another. Tatars burnt 80,000 fes of it, A. D. 1571. Poles 41,000; and deftroyed about 200,000 Souls, A.D. 1611. It was again laid in Ashes, A. D. 1699, 1701. It is about 16 Miles in Compafs, and contains about 700,000 Inhabitants. It abounds with Merchants out of all Nations, and was made the Royal Seat of the Empire by John Duke of Ruffia about 300 Years ago. It stands in the Middle of the Country, fenc'd with Lakes and three ftrong Walls. It is about 750 Miles from Stockholm to the Eaft, 750 from Warfaw to the North, 1000 Miles from Conftantinople to the NorthEaft, and 1500 Miles diftant from Paris and London. The Empire is vaft and large, in Length about 1699, and about 1100 Miles in Breadth. See B. X. N. 431. The Mofcovites were rude and barbarous Heathens, 'till they embrac'd Chriftianity from the Grecians, A. D. 986, Printing, A. D. 1560; and now they are trained up in all polite Literature, Arts and Sciences by Peter the Great: Their Alphabet confifts of 42 Letters, which very much refemble the Greek ones. The History of the Moscovites doth not rife above 200 Years past. (b) Turkish Sultan; because the ZANTIUM (i), Eye could alfo difcover the Empire of NEGUS, (k) to its utmoft Port ERO Co; (1) the Turks fettled there firft, and afterwards broke through the Cafpian Streights, and fettled in Armenia, about A D. 844. At that Time the Cafpian Sea was froze over 13 Foot deep, and Men walk'd 100 Miles on the Ice of it. A Kingdom or Province of Zagathaian Tatary, lying between Great Tatary and the Empire of the Great Mogul, on the Eaft of Cathay or Catha, having Tataria Propria on the North; and Indoftan on the South, and on the Eaft Side of the Caspian Sea. Some take it to be the Kingdom of Thebet, in the faid Tatary. Here, the Emperors of the Turks, who are defcended from the antient Turks of Tatary. (i) Bizantium; from Bizas, the Captain of the Megarean Fleet, the firft Founder of it: It was firft called Lygus, from its Founder; afterwards repaired by Paufanias King of Sparta, about A. M. 3307. And antient City of Thrace, and the last in Europe on the Bosphorus Thracius (See B. II. 1c18.) It was destroyed by Sept. Severus, after a Siege of three Years, and turned into a Village, about A. D. 196, to punish the Citizens for Revolting; but rebuilt, enlarged and beautified by Conftantine the Great, who made it the Royal Seat of the Roman Empire, which proved the Ruin of it, and commanded it to be called New Rome, A. D. 300. But it is commonly called after him Conftantinople, i. e. The City of and Conftantine. It was also called Parthenopolis, Gr. i. e. The City of the Virgin; because it was dedicated to the Virgin Mary. The Turks call it Stamboul; which they fay fignifieth Fair, Peace, and Plenty. It anfwers to thefe Properties indeed; but Stamboul or Iftambol is corrupted for Eiften polin, Gr. i. e. Into the City, and commonly the Port; because it is the greateft and fineft Port they have, or perhaps is in the World; being frequented by Merchants from all Parts of Europe, Afia, and Africa continually. Muhammed II. took it from the Greeks A. D. 1453. and fince it has been the grand Seat of the Turkish Empire: It yields the fairest Prospect without of any City, but the meaneft within: It is 900 Miles from Rome, 1460 off Paris, 1570 from London, 1850 from Madrid, and 1000 from Mof cow. (k) Negus, or Neguz; Ethiop. i.e. Emperor. The Emperor of Abifinia in Upper Ethiopia; a Title which the Abiffines bestow upon their Prince. (1) Erroco, Erquico, Arquien, and by others Erroco; Ethiop. It is a Sea-port Town of Ethiopia on the Red Sea, near the Perfian Ocean, with a fine Harbour and a very good Trade, and was the outmoft Boundary of the vaft Abyffinian Empire, to the North Eait of Africa. and the lefs maritime Kingdoms of MOMBAZA, (m) and QUILOA, (n) and MELIND, (0) and SOFALA, (p) (which A very (m) Mombaza, Monbaza, or Mombazza; Arab. For this, and several Cities on that Coaft, were built by a Colony of the Arabs, who about A. D. 930, fettled a Trade there. large and wealthy City, having a good Trade, and is the Capital of a small Kingdom of the fame Name, in a little Ifind, 12 Miles in Compafs; 70 Miles from Melind, 150 Leagues from Quiloa, near the Line, in the Eastern Ocean; fubject to the Emperor of Ethiopia in Zanguebar, but very fruitful and populous: It was once poffefs'd by the Portuguese, but now fubject to the King of Mombofa, who calls himself Emperor of the World. Zanguebar and Zingebar, Ind. comes from Bar; i. e. The Coaft of the Zinges or Nigros, who first traded there with the Arabs, about A. D. 930. (n) Quiloa, or Kiloa; Ethi opick. A capital, rich, and pleasant City, upon a River, and in an Ifland of the fame Name, between Mofambique and Melind, on the Eaft Shore of Africa, near Zanquebar, in Ethiopia Inferior. This Kingdom extended 250 Leagues along the Coaft, 'till Francis de Almeyda burnt the City, and made the Kingdom tributary to Portugal, A. D. 1505. But the Natives rebuilt it, and pay a yearly Tribute to the King of Portugal. They fpeak the Arabic, and are Muhammedans. The Kings of Quiola were Mal ters of Mombaza, Melinda, and other Islands thereabout. The Arabs traded first there, then the Muhammedans, and at lat the Portuguese. or Melinda; (o) Melind, Ethiop. The Capital of a small Kingdom on the Coaft of Zanguebar, between Mombaza and Pata, belonging to Ethiopia Superior, near the Lake Calice. The Town is near the Sea, with a convenient Port: The King of it made a League with Emanuel King of Portugal, A. D. 1500. The City is very rich, and abounds with great Plenty ; their Sheep are fo fat, that the Tail of them of them often weighs 30 Pounds, and fome more. The King of Melinda is ferv'd in great State ane Splendor, is a Muhammedan, as are moft of his Subjects; the reft are Heathens. (p) Sofala, Sophala, or Zephala; Ethiop. A petry Kingdom in Lower Ethiopia, between the River Magnice on the South, and the River Cuama to the North; fo called from Sofala, the Capital of i, which is fituated in a little land upon the Ethiopick Ocean. It is fuppofed by some to be the Opbir; (Heb. Rich; because it abounded with Gold, Pearls, Ivory, Peacocks, &c. See 2 Chron. 8. 18) to which King Solomon fent his Fleet; from the Abundance of Gold, and other rich Commodities of it. There the Merchants of Arabia Felix, after wards |