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niture, and more public honor, and-not more personal soul. He only is advancing in life whose heart is getting softer, whose blood warmer, whose brain quicker, whose spirit is entering into living peace. And the men who have this life in them are the true lords or kings of the earththey, and they only.-John Ruskin.

Study Rock of Ages and write a condensative paraphrase of it in twenty-five to thirty words. This paraphrase must be in your own words. Try to give all the explanations needed to make the meaning quite clear; so that all the questions one might reasonably ask about this or that word, phrase, or clause, will be answered in your paraphrase. Not, of course, in question-and-answer form, but by the transparent clearness of the paraphrase. Try also to express the same feeling of reverence and gratitude in your paraphrase as there is in the poem.

Rock of Ages, cleft for me,
Let me hide myself in Thee;
Let the water and the blood,

From Thy riven side which flowed,
Be of sin the double cure,

Cleanse me from its guilt and power.

Not the labors of my hands
Can fulfill Thy law's demands;
Could my zeal no respite know,
Could my tears for ever flow,
All for sin could not atone;
Thou must save, and Thou alone.

Nothing in my hand I bring,

Simply to Thy cross I cling;
Naked, come to Thee for dress,

Helpless, look to Thee for grace;

Foul, I to the fountain fly,
Wash me, Saviour, or I die.

While I draw this fleeting breath,
When my eyelids close in death,
When I soar to worlds unknown,
See Thee on Thy judgment throne,
Rock of Ages, cleft for me,

Let me hide myself in Thee.

-Augustus Toplady.

EXERCISES

The diaphragm is a muscular membrane that separates the viscera from the lungs. When relaxed it has the position shown by the black line. When firmly drawn down as shown by the dotted lines it enlarges the waist and thus increases the size of the air chamber. When the diaphragm is thus held tense it gives a clear bell-like resonance to the voice; when relaxed the voice will be muffy (like the tone of a drum when the lower drumhead is not firmly stretched.) Observation of a healthy child asleep will show how prominent is the diaphragm's action.

First, repeat Exercises 1 to 4, and then continue with

5. a. Place finger tips on upper chest.

b. Take in a full breath.

c. Exhale, while pressing with fingers.
d. Repeat four times.

6. a. Place hands on abdomen.

b. Inhale, stretching abdomen to fullest extent.

c. Exhale, while pressing with fingers.

d. Repeat four times.

7. a. Place hands on sides, fingers straight out. b. Inhale, stretching sides out against hands. c. Exhale, while pressing with palms.

d. Repeat four times.

8. a. Place hands on sides, thumbs front, finger tips on loins.

b. Inhale to fullest extent, pressing against fingers. c. Exhale, while pressing with fingers.

d. Repeat four times.

Note: The chest, or air chamber, should expand in all three directions at once. It is important to practice Exercise 6 thoroughly. In stretching the abdomen to inhale, the diaphragm moves downward and becomes tense. You will soon learn to contract and relax the diaphragm at will without pushing it down by inbreathing.

LESSON IV

1. Study Patrick Henry's speech and write out the gist of it in less than fifty words.

2. a. Condense each paragraph of the speech into ten or fifteen words.

b. Read over these eight sentences you have written and combine all into one.

3. Compare this with your paraphrase of the whole. (No. 1.)

1. Mr. President: No man thinks more highly than I do of the patriotism, as well as abilities, of the very worthy gentlemen who have just addressed the house. But different men often see the same thing in a different light, and, therefore, I hope it will not be thought disrespectful to these gentlemen, if, entertaining as I do opinions very opposite to theirs, I shall speak forth my sentiments freely and without reserve. This, sir, is no time for ceremony. The question before the house is one of awful moment to this country. For my part, I consider it nothing less than a question of freedom or slavery.

2. I have but one lamp by which my feet are guided; and that is the lamp of experience. I know of no way of judging the future but by the past. And, judging by the past, I wish to know what there has been in the conduct of the British ministry, for the last ten years, to justify those hopes with which the gentlemen have been pleased to solace themselves and the house? Is it that insidious smile with which our petition has been lately received? Trust it not, sir; it will prove a snare to your feet. Suffer not yourselves to be betrayed with a kiss. Ask yourselves how this gracious reception of our petition comforts with those warlike preparations which cover our waters. and darken our land. Are fleets and armies necessary to a work of love and reconciliation? Have we shown ourselves so unwilling to be reconciled, that force must be called in to win back our love?

3. Let us not deceive ourselves, sir. These are the implements of war and subjugation-the last argument to which kings resort. I ask, gentlemen, sir, what means this martial array, if its purpose be not to force us to submission? Can gentlemen assign any other possible motive for it? Has Great Britain any enemy in this quarter of the world to call for this accumulation of navies and armies?

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No, sir, she has none. They are meant for us; they can be meant for no other. They are sent over to bind and rivet upon us those chains which the British ministry have been so long forging. And what have we to oppose to them? Shall we try argument? Sir, we have been trying that for the last ten years. Have we anything new to offer upon the subject? Nothing.

4. We have held the subject up in every light of which it is capable; but it has been all in vain. Shall we resort to entreaty and humble supplication? What terms shall we find which have not been already exhausted? Let us not, I beseech you sir, deceive ourselves longer. Sir, we have done everything that could be done to avert the storm which is now coming on. We have petitioned; we have remonstrated; we have supplicated; we have prostrated ourselves before the throne. Our petitions have been slighted; our remonstrances have produced additional violence and insult; our supplications have been disregarded, and we have been spurned with contempt from the foot of the throne.

5. In vain, after these things, may we indulge the fond hope of peace and reconciliation. There is no longer any room for hope. If we wish to be free: if we mean to preserve inviolate those inestimable privileges, for which we have been so long contending; if we mean not basely to abandon the noble struggle, in which we have been so long engaged, and which we have pledged ourselves never to abandon until the glorious object of our contest shall be obtained we must fight! I repeat it, sir, we must fight!

6. An appeal to arms, and to the God of hosts, is all that is left us. They tell us, sir, that we are weak, unable to cope with so formidable an adversary. But when shall we be stronger? Will it be next week or the next year? Will it be when we are totally disarmed, and when a British guard shall be stationed in every house? Shall we gather strength by irresolution and inaction? Shall we acquire the means of effectual resistance by lying supinely on our backs, and hugging the delusive phantom of hope, until our enemies shall have bound us hand and foot?

7. Sir, we are not weak if we make the proper use of those means which the God of nature hath placed in our power. Three millions of people armed in the holy cause of liberty, and in such a country as that which we possess, are invincible by any force which our enemy can send against us. Besides, sir, we shall not fight our battles alone. There is a just God who presides over the destinies of nations, and who will raise up friends to fight our battles for us. The battle, sir, is not to the strong alone, it is to the vigilant, the active, the brave. Besides, sir, we have no election. If we were base enough to desire it, it is now

too late to retreat from the contest. There is no retreat but in submission and slavery. Our chains are forged. Their clanking may be heard on the plains of Boston! The war is inevitable, and let it come! I repeat it, sir, let it come!

8. It is in vain, sir, to extenuate the matter. Gentlemen may cry peace, peace, but there is no peace. The war is actually begun! The next gale that sweeps from the North will bring to our ears the clash of resounding arms! Our brethren are already in the field! Why stand we here idle! What is it that gentlemen wish? What would they have? Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may take, but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!-Patrick Henry.

EXERCISES

Practice Exercises 1 to 8. Then continue

9. a. Inhale slowly, stretching all parts at once. b. Hold the breath 5 to 10 seconds.

c. Exhale easily.

d. Repeat four times.

10. a. Inhale slowly, stretching all parts at once.
b. Hold the breath 5 to 10 seconds.

c. Exhale quickly, while keeping the chest up.
d. Repeat four times.

11. a. Inhale quickly, stretching all parts at once.

b. Hold the breath 5 to 10 seconds.

c. Exhale easily.

d. Repeat four times.

12. Thrust abdominal walls out, and draw them in al

ternately, four or five times.

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