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faint call that told them he was there; they began pumping air and water and milk through the pipe and kept it up for a week, when Fred and the whole sixty were safely brought out and given back to their families.

GENERAL HOWARD'S COURTESY

An interesting story is told concerning General O. 0. Howard. During Sherman's last campaign in the South certain changes in commanders were made, and General Howard was placed at the head of a special division. Soon after this the war closed, and there was to be a grand review of the army at Washington. The night before the review Sherman sent for Howard and said, "The political friends of the man you succeeded are bound that he shall ride at the head of the corps, and I want you to help me out." "It is my command," said Howard, “and I am entitled to ride at its head." "Of course you are," responded Sherman, “but, Howard, you are a Christian, and can stand the disappointment." "If you put it on that ground," said Howard, "there is but one answer. Let him ride there." "Yes let him have the honor," said Sherman, "but you will report to me at nine o'clock, and ride by my side at the head of the army." Howard protested, but his commander's orders were positive, and he rode with the general-in-chief at the head of the whole army.

EXERCISES

Take exercises 1 to 15 (without repetition) then con-tinue with

16. a. Standing erect, with chest up, inhale slowly.

b. Exhale while saying "ah."

c. Repeat four times

Notice how breathy the tone is, especially when the breath becomes nearly exhausted.

17. a. Inhale slowly, hold the breath a few seconds.

b. Say or sing "ah," stretching the waist all the time.

c. Relax and repeat four times.

This exercise is the Keystone. It is the same as No. 14, with the addition of producing a resonant or "pure" tone. The difference between the breathy tone in No. 16 and this tone is due to the tenseness of the diaphragm and abdomen in this exercise.

A pure tone gives the maximum of resonance with the minimum of effort.

LESSON VII

1. Write out an expansive paraphrase of these beautiful lines of Rowland Sill.

2. Tell us the substance of your paraphrase without looking at your paper. Tell it enthusiastically.

OPPORTUNITY*

This I beheld, or dreamed it in a dream:-
There spread a cloud of dust along a plain;
And underneath the cloud, or in it, raged

A furious battle, and men yelled, and swords

Shocked upon swords and shields. A prince's banner
Wavered, then staggered backward, hemmed by foes.
A craven hung along the battle's edge,

And thought, "Had I a sword of keener steel-
That blue blade that the king's son bears-but this
Blunt thing!"-he snapt and flung it from his hand,

And lowering crept away and left the field.

Then came the king's son, wounded, sore bestead
And weaponless, and saw the broken sword,

Hilt buried in the dry and trodden sand,

And ran and snatched it, and with battle shout
Lifted afresh he hewed his enemy down,

And saved a great cause that heroic day.

3. Write out an expansive paraphrase of the following by Tennyson.

4. Tell us the substance of it freely and vividly, without your paper.

Sunset and evening star,

And one clear call for me!

And may there be no moaning of the bar,

When I put out to sea.

But such a tide as moving seems asleep,

Too full for sound and foam,

When that which drew from out the boundless deep
Turns again home.

Twilight and evening bell,

And after that the dark!

And may there be no sadness of farewell,

When I embark.

*Reprinted by kind permission of Houghton, Mifflin & Company.

For tho' from out our bourne of Time and Place

The flood may bear me far,

I hope to see my Pilot face to face

When I have crossed the bar.

5. Write out an expansive paraphrase of "My Symphony," by William Henry Channing.

To live content with small means, to seek elegance rather than luxury, and refinement rather than fashion; to be worthy, not respectable; and wealthy, not rich; to study hard, think quietly, talk gently, act frankly; to listen to stars, and birds, to babes and sages, with open heart; to bear all cheerfully, do all bravely, await occasions, hurry never; in a word, to let the spiritual, unbidden and unconscious, grow up through the common. This is to be my symphony.

EXERCISES

Take Exercises 1 to 17 (without repetitions) then continue with.

18. a. Inhale slowly, hold a few seconds.

b. Say or sing "oh, oh, oh, oh," keeping diaphragm and abdomen comfortably tense.

c. Relax, and repeat four times.

19. a. Inhale slowly.

b. While holding diaphragm and abdomen comfortably tense, say or sing "ah" on each degree of the scale, up and down.

c. Relax, and repeat four times.

d. Same, changing “ah” to “oh, oh, oh.”

20. a. Same, substituting for "ah" the numbers one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten.

b. Same, substituting short sentences, as: Roll
thou deep and dark blue ocean.

on

Note: Probably you will not be able at first to go up and down the scale without relaxing. Therefore go up, then relax, take a fresh start and go down the scale.

When speaking do not inhale too full a breath, so that you feel stuffed. Let the lungs be comfortably full of quiet air. If you let air out while speaking, you will give the impression of weariness.

LESSON VIII

1. Write out a clear, vivid, complete condensative paraphrase (50-75 words) of this selection.

2. Write out vividly and fully an expansive paraphrase of all the speeches in the selection, keeping them in the first person.

3. Tell the story (without looking at the book, of course), so vividly as to make your hearers see it. You cannot do this successfully in class unless you have done it several times in your study.

DAVID AND GOLIATH

1. Now the Philistines gathered together their armies to battle. And the Philistines stood on the mountain on the one side, and Israel stood on the mountain on the other side: and there was a valley between them. And there went out a champion out of the camp of the Philistines, named Goliath, of Gath, whose height was six cubits and a span. And he had a helmet of brass upon his head, and he was clad with a coat of mail; and the weight of the coat was five thousand shekels of brass. And he had greaves of brass upon his legs, and a javelin of brass between his shoulders. And the staff of his spear was like a weaver's beam; and his spear's head weighed six hundred shekels of iron; and his shield-bearer went before him.

2. And he stood and cried unto the armies of Israel, and said unto them, Why are ye come out to set your battle in array? am not I a Philistine, and ye servants to Saul? Choose you a man for you and let him come down to me. If he be able to fight with me, and kill me, then will we be your servants; but if I prevail against him and kill him, then shall ye be our servants, and serve us. And when Saul and all Israel heard those words of the Philistine, they were dismayed, and greatly afraid.

3. And David said to Saul, Let no man's heart fail because of him; thy servant will go and fight with this Philistine. And Saul said to David, Thou art not able to go against this Philistine to fight with him; for thou art but a youth, and he a man of war from his youth. And David said unto Saul, Thy servant was keeping his father's sheep; and when there came a lion, or a bear and took a lamb out of the flock I went out after him, and smote him, and delivered it out of his mouth; and when he arose against me, I caught him by his beard, and smote him, and slew him. Thy servant smote both the lion and the bear;

and this Philistine shall be as one of them, seeing he hath defied the armies of the living God. Jehovah that delivered me out of the paw of the lion, and out of the paw of the bear, he will deliver me out of the hand of this Philistine.

4. And Saul said unto David, Go, and Jehovah shall be with thee. And Saul clad David with his apparel, and he put a helmet of brass upon his head, and he clad him with a coat of mail. And David girded his sword upon his apparel, and he assayed to go; for he had not proved it. And David said unto Saul, I cannot go with these; for I have not proved them. And David put them off him. And he took his staff in his hand, and chose him five smooth stones out of the brook, and put them in the shepherd's bag which he had, even in his wallet; and his sling was in his hand: and he drew near to the Philistine, and the Philistine came on and drew near unto David.

5. And when the Philistine looked about, and saw David, he disdained him; for he was but a youth, and ruddy, and withal of a fair contenance. And the Philistine said unto David, Am I a dog, that thou comest to me with staves? And the Philistine cursed David by his gods. And the Philistine said to David, Come to me, and I will give thy flesh unto the birds of the heavens, and to the beasts of the field. Then said David to the Philistine, Thou comest to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a javelin; but I come to thee in the name of Jehovah of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom thou has defied. This day will Jehovah deliver thee into my hand; and I will smite thee, and take thy head from off thee, and I will give the dead bodies of the host of the Philistines this day unto the birds of the heavens, and to the wild beasts of the earth; that all this assembly may know that Jehovah saveth not with sword and spear: for the battle is Jehovah's and he will give you into our hand.

6. And it came to pass, when the Philistine arose, and came and drew nigh to meet David, that David hastened and ran toward the army to meet the Philistine. And David put his hand in his bag, and took thence a stone and slang it, and smote the Philistine in his forehead, and he fell upon his face to the earth. But there was no sword in the hand of David. Then David ran, and stood over the Philistine, and took his sword and drew it out of the sheath thereof, and slew him, and cut off his head therewith. And when the Philistines saw that their champion was dead, they fled. And the men of Israel and of Judah arose, and shouted and pursued the Philistines, until thou comest to Gath.

EXERCISES

Many people, as soon as they stand up to speak, feel embarrassed, therefore their muscles are constrained and

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