introduce resolutions requesting legislation on this pressing matter at the next legislature. - San Francisco Bulletin.

Superintendent R. H. Webster in his annual report on the condition of the public schools in San Francisco shows that there are thirty-one grammar and forty-six primary schools, the number of teachers being 989, seventy-two of whom are men and 917 women. The average number of pupils 36,472, the average daily attendance 34,410 or 94 per cent, and the state enrollment 47,326, of which 25,370 were boys and 21,956 were girls. There were 28,307 in the primary grades and 19,019 in the grammar. Altho the aver

Of this

age number was 36,472, there were only 36,167 seats in the schoolrooms. The average monthly compensation of teachers, including principals, was $86. Visits to schools by the superintendent and his deputies numbered 3,399, by the directors 3,600, and by other persons 52,200. There were, last year, 60,559 volumes in the school libraries. The total receipts are placed at $1,354,388.12. $908,902.36 was paid for teachers' salaries, $260,690.15 for other expenses, and $33,674.18 for land, buildings, and furniture, not including $6,902.89 for books and library apparatus. The total expenditure was $1,210,169.58, leaving a balance on hand of $144,218.54. School property is valued at $5,688,200. These figures do not apply to the four high schools, the expense of maintaining which was $121,371.42. Statistics are also given regarding the private schools, of which there are thirty-eight, having 119 male and 228 female teachers, 4,112 pupils in the primary grades, 3018 in the grammar grades, 962 in the high school grades, and 140 in commercial and other colleges, making a total of 9,493, in addition to 5,812 credited to physical culture. The public schools of the grammar grade graduated 1,629 pupils last year.

The exhibition at the Elks' carnival of articles made by students in the manual training course of the Polytechnic High School was evidently a wise move on the part of Principal P. M Fisher of the institution, for not only has all opposition thereto ceased, but the enrollment of pupils at the present term has increased nearly one hundred, the total enrollment being now 287.

A marked feature in connection with the enrollment is the large number of boys from outside districts who have come to Oakland to take the manual training course in this school-a course which fits the graduate therein for the active, practical duties of life.

A striking illustration of the value of the training given at this school may be found in the case of Albert Garfield, who finished its two years' course and then went out to hustle for himself. He is now proprietor of a machine shop plant at Brandon, Oregon, which he established, and is also manager of the water works there. He is meeting with much success, altho only twenty-one years of age. He called at the Polytechnic High School recently to pay his respects to Professor Fisher and to offer a tribute to the school for what it has done for him.

This school has two courses-manual training and commercial each requiring two years, altho the former is so arranged that, when taken first, one year additional will graduate the student in the commercial course, also.

Many of the girls who are taking the latter wish to elect sewing and cooking instead of some one of their present studies but they feel that they are deterred from doing so because they cannot receive a diploma on a mixed course. Principal Fisher, who organized the school six years ago, is entirely wrapped up in it, and is determined to make it second to none of its kind in California. Visitors are always welcome at the school.—Oakland Enquirer.

President E. T. Pierce of the Los Angeles State Normal School has secured Dr. Willard S. Small, instead of Dr. Hall, as stated in September JOURNAL, for the position of superintendent of the training department to succeed Prof. George E. James, who recently resigned to accept a position in the east. This is one of the most important positions in the normal. Dr. Small is said to be specially well equipped both by training and by experience for the work. He is a native of Massachusetts, and attended the district schools in, that state until fifteen years of age, after which he prepared for college in a typical New England academy. He spent five years in Tufts College, Medford, Mass., from which institution he received the degrees of A.B. and A.M. After teaching for some time he assumed work at Clark University, Worcester, Mass., as a Fellow in Education, where he spent four years in that position and as Honorary Fellow, giving the greater part of his time to the study of psychology, pedagogy, and education generally, receiving the degree of Ph.D. He has taught psychology and pedagogy in one of the leading seminaries for young ladies in the east and in the state normal school at Ypsilanti, Michigan.

He is a lecturer on educational topics and is also a contributor to the American Journal of Psychology, the Pedagogical Journal, and the Journal of Pedagogy, leading educational periodicals of this country. He comes highly recommended by President Stanley Hall of Clark University and other leading educators in the east. Dr. Small is but thirty-one years of age.

There were some very important changes in the organization of the Los Angeles Normal School at the beginning of the year. The school moved into one of the most pleasant library rooms to be found in any normal school. It is large, well-lighted, and beautifully decorated. The pupils occupy the new manual training rooms consisting of large quarters for sloyd, wood carving, book binding, and general hand work. The new domestic science rooms are now occupied. They are thoroly equipped to accommodate twenty-five working students at one time. In connection with the cooking, lunches are given to the students at noon. There is a large lunch room about forty by sixty feet in size that will accommodate two hundred students. This school is the second normal school in this country to give warm lunches to students at cost. It is not expected that any financial burden will come to the state in this new venture, other than the employment of the teachers necessary to conduct the cooking classes.

The "Alameda Daily Argus" contained a full page September 17 on the educational system of Alameda. There was a fine picture of the new high school building and full statement, illustrated, of the present excellent condition of the schools.

There are thirteen advertisements in the "Vancouver World" issue of August 12 for school teachers.

Candidates for the Office of Superintendent of Schools.

Continued from last month.

Marin County.G. S. Davidson vs. Kate Batchelder Butte County, R. H. Dunn; Monterey County, Mrs. J. E. Chope vs. Duncan Stirling: Napa County, Miss Kate Ames; Kings County, J. W Graham, incumbent, vs. Mrs. Davidson; Sarta Cruz. J. W. Linscott. incumbent, vs. Miss Lillie Gibson; Placer County C. N. Shane; Plumas County, Miss Nellie Berg: Fresno County, G. N Freeman, incumbent, vs. F. Lane; San Mateo County. Etta M. Tilton, incumbent; Shasta County Margaret I Poore; San Francisco County, R H. Webster, incumbent, vs. W. H. Langdon; Contra Costa County, M. T. Sickal vs. A. A. Bailey.

LASSEN COUNTY INSTITUTE

Susanville was the scene of the Lassen County Institute this year. Supt. Otis M. Doyle was in charge, and the teachers not only had the benefit of the institute but the pleasures of the district fair held during the same week. The town was crowded with people gathered in from all the country for many miles around. Susanville is one of the prettiest places in all the state, comfortable and prosperous in every way. Its houses are all well painted and tidy, its orchards lusty and laden with fruit, its farmers all provided with fine carriages and good horses. The town stands at the eastern base of the Sierras, just where the sage-brush plains of Nevada run against the pine-clad ridges of California. higher slopes had already received a dressing of snow, and one teacher was delayed by it several days, even tho it was September, in getting to the institute. There were frosty mornings at Susanville, with ice needles forming on the pools beside the roads.

The

The institute was called for September 22, 23, and 24; and the teachers were so interested in the work that it was extended for one day longer, the 25th.

The outside helpers were Job Wood of Sacramento and Edward Hyatt of Riverside, both California county superintendents of many years experience. The institute was conducted along very practical, helpful lines, including such topics as reading, spelling, arithmetic, geography, school libraries, language, and English. Two night meetings of citizens were held in the M. E. Church to discuss ways and means for establishing high schools in Lassen County. These meetings were addressed at some length by Mr. Wood, who gave a most useful talk on the purposes and laws of California high schools.

Great interest was taken, too, in a movement for improving the school libraries of the county. Mr. Hyatt gave a lecture on this topic, followed by a strong talk from Superintendent Wood; the teachers took it up and a lively discussion followed, which resulted in the formation of a special movement during the coming year for getting the greatest possible benefit out of the school library funds.

The institute closed with a pleasant incident -the presentation of a fine desk by the teachers to their retiring superintendent, Mr. Doyle. The occasion was such a touching one that there was hardly a dry eye in the room.

The teachers declare that in spite of the interruptions of the fair the institute was one of the richest in practical results of any in the history of the county.

HUMBOLDT COUNTY

INSTITUTE

The institute of Humboldt County was called by Supt. J. B. Brown for the week beginning September 15, at the city of Eureka. The instructors were Edward Hyatt of Riverside and D. R. Augsburg of Oakland. A district fair was in progress at the same time, so that Eureka was a gay and festive place for that week.

Mr. Augsburg was in his best vein, and a large part of the institute consisted of his instructive and excellent talks on drawing illustrated by blackboard work.

One of the most useful and lasting things done by the institute was the movement for the improvement of the school libraries of the county. The entering wedge of the movement was a lively and interesting discussion by Superintendent Hyatt; it was taken up by Superintendent Brown, who asked all the teachers to prepare lists of best books for children, with the purpose of setting all the teachers to work in the direction of improvement. The institute then appointed a committee of ten, which worked every day under the direction of Supt. A. C. Barker of the Eureka schools in the preparation of an approved list of one hundred books for the libraries of the county. Superintendent Barker

has for years been making special investigations along this line, and is peculiarly qualified to lead in working out some interesting and valuable results.

The teachers of geography got some fresh and inspiring ideas from Mr. Hyatt's account of the Colorado Desert, gained from his school visiting experiences across the sandy wastes.

Another notable feature of the institute was the presentation of a beautiful roll top desk and leather chair, given by the teachers of the county to their veteran superintendent, Mr. Brown. The superintendent responded in a feeling manner by a review of his work of over thirty years in the schools of Humboldt County.

Principal Halliday of the San Diego High School has resigned on account of ill health.

* **

The Union High School of Redlands is in a flourishing condition. Principal L. B. Avery has just issued a most excellent manual of the faculty, the course of study, and the work accomplished.

THE EDUCATIONAL

COUNCIL

An adjourned meeting of the Council in the Observatory Hall of Oakland was held on Saturday, September 20th. The following members were present: E. E. Brown, Robert Furlong, E. C. Moore, P. M. Fisher, E. M. Cox, M. E. Dailey, E. P. Cubberley, A. L. Mann, C. E. Keyes, A. E. Shumate, O. W. Erlewine, R. D. Faulkner, and Frederic Burk. Partial reports of standing committees were made. On resolu

tion it was decided that the Council should have a two days' session at Los Angeles, Monday and Tuesday, December 29 and 30, 1902. The matter of arranging a program was assigned to a committee consisting of Messrs. Burk, McClymonds, and Shumate. The above committee was directed to consult with the executive committee of the State Teachers' Association to obtain funds for carrying on the work of the Council.

The chairman submitted a plan for extending the usefulness of the Council He proposed that the Council should authorize the appointment of auxiliary committees composed of capable and active persons not members of the Council which should investigate various important educational questions and report on them to the Council for discussion and action. The following resolution, made by Dr. E. C. Moore, was thereupon adopted as follows: The chairman is empowered to appoint persons not members of the Council to auxiliary committees to undertake such supplementary investigations as he may see fit; that the work of such committees be the especial care of the chairman, who shall report their formation when appointed; that reports of these committees shall be a regular order at each meeting of the Council.

In accordance with the above resolutions, the chairman has appointed the following partial list of auxiliary committees:

Other committees will be formed and later announced.

1. To compile a report upon the system of union of school districts and of transportation of pupils to school at public expense, and to consider its adaptability to conditions in California:

Miss E. M. Tilton, County Superintendent of San Mateo, Chairman; George Gordon, Superintendent of Amador County; Miss Kate Ames, ex-County Superintendent of Napa County; H. M. Shafer, San Diego Normal

School; Miss Lena Polhamus, President San Diego County Board.

2. To compile a special report upon the specifle weaknesses of the present State Series History, and to recommend special omissions and supplementary devices to serve while it shall continue in use:

Miss Agnes Howe, San Jose Normal School, Chairman; Superintendent J. D. Graham, Pasadena; E. J. Miller, Chico Normal School; Superintendent F. A. Wagner, Pomona; P. E. Davidson, San Francisco Normal School.

3. To compile a report upon the function of the present course of Algebra in accredited schools, aside from preparation to meet university courses in the mathematical department, and to determine its value relative to other material which must be omitted if this course is taken:

Superintendent J. D. Graham, Pasadena, Chairman; A. W. Stamper, Chico Normal School; F. F. Bunker, San Francisco Normal School.

4. To compile a report upon the present High School Courses in Latin in accredited High Schools, aside from meeting the requirements to the Latin courses in the universities, and to determine its value relative to other material which must be omitted if this course is taken:

Edward Hohfeld, Principal Auburn High High School, Chairman; F. E. Thompson, San Francisco Normal School; Miss Lena Schopbach, Pasadena High School; R. L. Sandwick, Pacific Grove; Dr. John Gamble, Haywards.

5. To compile a report upon the function of the present course in Literature in accredited High Schools, aside from meeting the requirements of the English courses in the universities; to determine the relative value to general culture of the present course of the prescribed material, to one of wide election or one permitting and requiring a broad general reading:

Principal G. W. Wright, Concord High School, Chairman; Miss Margaret I. Poore, Superintendent of Schools, Shasta County; Dr. John Gamble, Haywards High School; Superintendent F. A. Wagner, Pomona; Leroy D. Ely, Pasadena High School; J. C. Templeton, Superintendent of Schools, Santa Ana.

6. To compile a report upon the function of the present course in chemistry, botany, zoology and physics, in accredited High Schools aside from preparation for corresponding university courses; and to determine the value of