Oil, Profits, and Peace: Does Business Have a Role in Peacemaking?United States Institute of Peace, 2006 - 235 ページ Until recently, oil companies saw the socioeconomic consequences of their operations in developing countries as beyond their control. But with mounting activist pressure at home, growing interest in corporate social responsibility, and the spiraling costs of conflict in production areas, the oil industry is now playing an increasing role in how a country s oil and gas are extracted, how its people fare, and ultimately, where the revenues go. Jill Shankleman s timely and highly informative book "Oil, Profits, and Peace" presents an evenhanded and insightful picture of the obstacles, fiscal incentives, and growing potential for Western oil companies to ameliorate or even prevent conflict in the areas where they operate. Drawing on years of field experience and new data from corporations, NGOs, and hundreds of personal interviews, the author explores the links between oil and conflict, and changing notions and forms of corporate responsibility. "Oil, Profits, and Peace" spotlights three oil-dependent countries Angola, Azerbaijan, and Sudan that have had very different experiences with conflict and the oil industry, and concludes with recommendations for government and corporate policymakers. As a matter of enlightened self-interest, more and more companies are collaborating in novel ways with governments, international organizations, and NGOs to limit environmental damage, provide local jobs, increase transparency, and enhance the chances of sustaining both profits and peace. " |
目次
Introduction | 3 |
The International Oil Industry | 13 |
Links between Oil and Conflict in Producing Areas | 37 |
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accessed March 17 activities Africa allocation Angola areas Armenia Azerbaijan Cabinda Caspian Chad Chevron concession contracts concessions conflict prevention conflict risks contracts corporate social responsibility corruption EITI environmental and social example exploration and production Extractive Industries ExxonMobil financing global host governments human rights Human Rights Watch impact assessment independence Institute of Peace International Monetary Fund investment investors involved issues links between oil major March 17 ment military million MPLA Nagorno-Karabakh negotiate NGOs Nigeria offshore oil and conflict oil and gas oil fields oil industry oil production oil resources oil revenues oil sector oil wealth onshore organizations peace agreement peacebuilding percent Petroleum policies political programs PSAs region resource curse revenue management revenue transparency role Shah Deniz southern Sudan standards Statoil strategy Talisman Talisman Energy tion UNITA United States Institute violent conflict Washington Wealth Sharing World Bank Group