kind is man." In what he calls his agreement with the reader, he says, "the object of the following pages is to describe those features which principally distinguish us from our brethren in other regions, and them from each other."

For this task he is well prepared. Though his mind seems not adapted for those profound reveries, which form theories apon every phenomenon of nature, he possesses, what is, if not, more useful, at least more entertaining; that elegant culture, that quick sensibility, and that easy talent of description, which seize their proper objects, and fix them on the canvass. His respectable introduction on the continent, which procured him the honour of being presented to the Emperor of the Russias, and his lively amusing humour, have induced us to keep him company, all the way, with undiminished interest, and convinced us that, if he travels in company as pleasantly as on paper, the old adage must be verified in him-amicus pro vehiculo.

Mr. C. and his companion, (for he was too wise and sociable to travel alone,) sailed from Harwich in May 1804, and landed at Husum, whence he commenced his continental tour. He visited in succession the capitals of Denmark, Sweden, Russia, and Prussia; but passed over no more of the several countries than was necessary to view each metropolis, and its surrounding scenes. The first occurrence is justly called " a shocking secret." p. 17. Mr. C. on seeing a mother offer to prostitution her own daughter, at thirteen, observes," the first step an Englishman takes out of his own country, he meets with something to convince him he cannot find a better." To this we add, that wherever we go, we shall meet with some melancholy proof that human depravity is not a local disease.

Amidst the tombs of the Danish kings, Mr. C. recalls the humiliating observations of Addison, and anticipates with him, the day when kings and their subjects shall stand together before the tribunal of the King of kings.

But other tombs naturally and forcibly arrested the attention of our traveller. The heroes who fell in the dreadful battle of Copenhagen, April 1801, are interred about a mile from the city.

As the battle under all its circumstances was as awful and affecting as any in the English and Danish history; the reader will, I am sure feel no reluctance minutely to contemplate the larger tomb which first attracted our notice: it is a pyramidal hillock, neatly tufted and planted with sapling poplars, corresponding with the number of officers who fell. At the base of the principal front are tomb stones recording the names of each of these officers and their respective ships. A little above is an obelisk of grey northern marble, raised upon a pedestal of granite bearing this inscription:

To the memory of those who fell for their country, their grateful fellow citizens raise this monument, April 2, 1801.

And beneath, on a white marble tablet, under a wreath of laurel, oak, and cypress bound together, is inscribed:

The wreath which the country bestows never withers over the grave of the fallen warrior.

The whole is enclosed in a square palisado: as a national monument, it is too diminutive.

‹ The next day I visited the spot where so much blood was shed. A young Danish officer upon the Crown battery obligingly pointed out the disposition of the ships, and spoke of the battle with great impartiality. From the position of the British fleets, before the squadron under Lord Nelson bore down, and rendered his intention indubitable, the Danes were firmly of opinion that the British commander intended to proceed either to Calscrona or Revel, and made no preparation for defence; their ships were lying in ordinary, they therefore trusted solely to their block ships and batteries

On that day the hero of the Nile surpassed those atchievements, which an admiring and astonished world conceived must for ever remain without imitation, as they had been without example, in the annals of the British navy. Favoured by a fortunate shift of wind, and an extraordinary elevation of the tide, which at the time was higher than the Danes had long remembered it, he placed his unsupported squadron, and as it is said with an unobserved signal of retreat flying at the mast head of the ship of the chief in command, in a most advantageous and formidable position. The citizens of Copenhagen in a moment flew to their posts; all distinctions were lost in the love of their country. Nobles and mechanics, gentlemen and shopmen rushed together in crowds to the quays; the sick crawled out of their beds, and the very lame were led to the sea side, imploring to be taken in the boats, which were perpetually going off with crowds to the block ships. A carnage at once tremendous and novel only served to encrease their enthusiasm. What an awful moment! The invoked vengeance of the British nation, with the fury and velocity of lightning, was falling with terrible desolation upon a race of gallant people, in their very capital, whose kings were once seated upon the throne of England; and in the veins of whose magnanimous prince flowed the blood of her august family. Nature must have shud. dered as she contemplated such a war of brethren: the conflict was short, but sanguinary beyond example; in the midst of the slaughter the heroic Nelson dispatched a flag of truce on shore with a note to the Crown Prince, in which he expressed a wish that a stop should be put to the further effusion of human blood; and to avert the destruction of the Danish arsenal and of the capital, which he observed that the Danes must then see were at his mercy. He once more proposed their withdrawing from the triple league, and acknowledging the supremacy of the British flag. As soon as the Prince's answer was received, a cessation of hostilities took place; and Lord Nelson left his ship to go on shore. Upon his arrival at the quay, he found a carriage which had been sent for him by Mr. D., a merchant of high respectability, the confusion being too great to enable the Prince to send one of the royal carriages; in the

former

Ar

former the gallant admiral proceeded to the Palace in the Octagon, through crowds of people, whose fury was rising to frenzy, and amongst whom his person was in more imminent danger than even from the cannon of the block ships; but nothing could shake the soul of such a man. rived at the Palace in the Octagon he calmly descended from the carriage; amidst the murmurs and groans of the enraged concourse, which not even the presence of the Danish officers who accompanied him could restrain. The Crown Prince received him in the hall and conducted him up stairs, and presented him to the King, whose long-shattered state of mind had left him but very little sensibility to display upon the trying occasion. The objects of this impressive interview were soon adjusted, to the perfect satisfaction of Lord Nelson and his applauding country; that done, he assumed the gaiety and good humour of a visitor, and partook of some refreshment with the Crown Prince.

During the repast, Lord Nelson spoke in raptures of the bravery of the Danes; and particularly requested the Prince to introduce him to a very young officer, whom he described as having performed wonders during the battle, by attacking his own ship immediately under her lower guns. It proved to be the gallant young Welmoes, a stripling of seventeen; the British hero embraced him with the enthusiasm of a brother, and delicately intimated to the Prince that he ought to make him an admiral; to which the Prince very happily replied, "If, my Lord, I were to make all my brave officers admirals, I should have no captains or lieutenants in my service.".

pp. 47-50.

Whose heart is not harrowed up by this display of the tragical effects of human contention? Who would not ardently invite the dawn of that propitious period, when the sword, converted to the plough-share, shall rend only the bloodless bosom of the earth?

The melancholy tale of our Carolina Matilda is related with pathos and with spirit; but it is too long for insertion here.

Unaccustomed to the long summer's day of a high latitude, our travellers made the following curious mistake.

'On the evening of our arrival, after tea, as we strolled in the streets, we were surprised to find them so silent and apparently deserted; for we only saw very few persons who were slowly moving homewards: at length eleven distinct strokes of the church clock satisfied us that sleep had hushed the population of the town. At this time the light was equal to that of a fine day in London, which, united to our ignorance of the time, and to our having just drank tea when we ought to have supped, produced our error.' P. 113.

Leaving the territories of Denmark for those of Sweden, the author introduces us to the great statuary Sergell, and his illustrious patron, Gustavus III.

The reputation of Sergell the statuary speedily attracted us to his house; where we beheld his beautiful Cupid and Psyche, which he has determined shall not be sold, until that event shall have happened which stops and sanctifies the works of genius. These figures display the finest

conceptions

conceptions of feeling, grace, and elegance, and heartily did I rejoice to find it in that country, which I trust will never permit it to be removed. In a temporary building we had also the gratification of seeing the colossal pedestrian statue of the late Gustavus III. in bronze, which had just been cast, and was then polishing: it is a present from the citizens of Stockholm, and will cost when finished, 40,0001. and is intended to commemorate the marine victory, obtained by that illustrious prince over the Russians, in 1790. The king, with a mild but intrepid countenance, which I was informed is a most faithful likeness of him, is represented holding a rudder in one hand, and extending an olive branch with the other; he is attired in the very graceful costume which he introduced, resembling that of the old Spanish, and the feet are sandaled. It is a noble work of art, and may, in all human probability, be considered as the last effort of its distinguished author a pedestal of one solid block of porphyry is already raised near the place to receive it upon the quay, which in that part is formed into a crescent.' pp. 120, 121.

'Most of the living artists of Sweden owe their elevation and consequent fame to the protective hand of the late king, Gustavus III., a prince, who, to the energies and capacities of an illustrious warrior, united all the refined elegancies of the most accomplished gentleman: his active spirit knew no repose; at one time the world beheld him amidst the most formidable difficulties and dangers, leading his fleets to glory in the boisterous billows of the Baltic; at another time it marked him amidst the ruins of Italy, collecting with a sagacious eye and profuse hand, the rich materials for ameliorating the taste and genius of his own country. What Frederic the Great was to Berlin, Gustavus the Third was to Stockholm: almost every object which embellishes this beautiful city arose from his patronage, frequently from his own designs; and will be durable monuments of that capacious and graceful mind, which, had not death arrested, would in the profusion of its munificence, have impoverished the country which it adorned. This prince derived what hereditary talent he possessed from his mother Ulrica, who, by a capacious and highly cultivated mind, displayed that she was worthy of being the sister of Frederic the Great.' p. 123.

Mr. C. gives an interesting account of the tragical end of this celebrated prince: to which we have the pleasure of adding, from satisfactory authority, that he earnestly desired, even that his assassin should be spared; and that his chief pleasure on his death bed was, the repetition of a German hymn, expressive of the simplest and strongest confidence in the grace of Christ for sal

vation.

Having passed a bridge, which had nearly kindled the flames of war between the powers whose territories it connects, (p. 196,) Mr. C. and his companion found themselves within the extended boundaries of the Russian empire. After the usual detail of vexatious delays, extravagant impositions, rough carriages, and vile inns, we are introduced to Petersburg.

The sky was cloudless, the Neva of a brilliant blue, clear, and nearly as broad as the Thames at Westminster-bridge; it flowed majestically

along

along, bearing on its bosom the most picturesque vessels and splendid pleasure-barges. As the eye rapidly travelled several miles up and down this glorious river, adorned with stupendous embankments of granite, it beheld its sides lined with palaces, stately buildings, and gardens, whilst at a distance arose green cupolas, and the lofty spires of the Greek churches covered with ducat gold, and glittering in the sun. Immediately before us extended the magnificent railing of the summer gardens, with its columns and vases of granites, a matchless work of Imperial taste and splendour.

In the capacious streets of this marvellous city, we passed through crowds of carriages drawn by four horses at length, and a variety of rich equipages, and of people from all parts of the world, in their various and motley costume. At the governor's office we presented our passports, and the cossac left us. The cossacs have a curious appearance upon their little shabby horses, which have the reputation, however, of being remarkably fleet and hardy; their riders hold their spear, which is from fifteen to eighteen feet long, vertically resting upon their stirrup. It is said that they have the faculty of calculating from the appearance of trodden grass, the number of men and of cattle that have passed over it, and even to ascertain the period of their passing. The cossacs are never trained to attack in squadrons: they are always placed in the rear of the army, and act only in a desultory manner, upon the retreat of an enemy. At the governor's we were questioned by the officer upon duty, as to our motives of travelling, names, &c. &c.: a description of his room will serve to give a general idea of the arrangements which constantly occur in the Russian houses: the apartment was divided by a partition of wood, of about three-fourths of the height of the room, indented at the top and ornamented with little crescents; behind this screen was his bed, and in a corner, suspended near the top of the ceiling, was the framed and glazed picture of his favourite saint, before which a lamp was burning; this œconomy of space gave him the convenience of two rooms.

Amidst the tumult of ideas which the scenes around us excited, we drove into the yard of Demouth's hotel, I believe the best in Petersburg; it is kept by some civil Germans, and stands on the side of the Moika, a beautiful canal, having a rich iron railing and an embankment of granite. It may be as well now to caution the traveller against the free use of the Neva water, water, which, like that of the Seine, is very aperient.'

pp. 218, 219.

'Having discharged the dust of Finland by a copious ablution,' says Mr. C., and partaking of a good dinner, at which, for the first time since we left Stockholm, we tasted vegetables, I sallied forth:

After hesitating some time, amidst such a blaze of novel magnificence, what object I should first investigate; I resolved to present myself at the base of the statue of Peter the Great. All the world has heard of this colossal compliment paid by the munificence of Catherine II. and the genius of Falconet, to the memory of that wonderful man, who elevated Muscovy to the rank of an European empire. Filled, as I was, with admiration at this glorious work of art, I could not help regretting that the artist had so much reduced and polished the granite rock, which,

with