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The lords de Joinville and de Montagu made answer, that my lord of Burgundy, their commander, to whom the dauphin had delivered this castle, had intrusted them with the guard thereof, and that they would not surrender it but upon some tokens sent them from their lord. The knights on this went back to the town, and soon returned with sir Anthony du Vergy, who calling to the two aforesaid lords, they replied by asking after his health. He made no answer to this, but said, "Brothers, my lord the dauphin bids me tell you, that if you do not yield the castle to him, and you should be taken within it by storm, he will have you beheaded; but that if you will surrender it and join his party, he will show you every kindness, and divide between you very liberally the different offices in the On hearing this speech, the two lords asked sir Anthony if he knew anything of their lord the duke. To which he made no other reply than by pointing his finger to the ground, and then said, "I would advise you to surrender the castle to my lord the dauphin ;” but they repeated as before, that until they should have some certain intelligence of their lord the duke, who had intrusted them with its defence, they would not surrender. The knights of the dauphin now advanced, and said, “Put on paper what terms you expect, and you shall have an answer." Both parties withdrew, and those in the castle wrote down as

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In the first place, they demanded to restore the castle into the hands of the duke, who had confided to them the guard of it, or to have a discharge from the same, signed by the duke. Item, that all those who had been made prisoners by the dauphin's party, and those attending the duke, should have their liberties without paying any ransom.-Item, that all persons, of whatever rank, and of both sexes, now within the castle, should have permission to depart freely with all their effects, and be allowed to go whithersoever they should please.— Item, that a delay of fifteen days be granted for them to continue in the said castle, or until their horses shall arrive.-Item, that passports be given for two hundred men-at-arms that shall come to fetch them, and escort them to such places as they may choose; the said passports to be of force for fifteen days.

When these articles had been examined by the dauphin and his council, they were returned to the castle by the same knights who had brought them, who said, that in regard to the person or signature of the duke of Burgundy nothing need be said, for it could not be obtained. With respect to the prisoners, they belong to my lord the dauphin, who will divide among them the several offices in the kingdom, so that no more need be said on that subject. As to the effects in the castle appertaining to the duke of Burgundy, they are the property of my lord the dauphin, who will receive them according to an inventory made thereof, and give a receipt conformable to such inventory to those who have the charge of them. Those within the castle shall be permitted to carry away whatever effects they may have brought thither. With regard to the fifteen days' delay required, it cannot be granted; but my lord the dauphin will have them escorted as far as Bray-sur-Seine. With respect to the passports for two hundred men-at-arms, there will not be any need of them, as they will have a sufficient escort. After much parleying, the lords de Joinville and de Montagu concluded for themselves and their companions a treaty with the dauphin, on condition that they should freely depart, with all their baggage, on yielding up the castle, and that all the effects of the duke of Burgundy should remain in the possession of the dauphin, and also the lady of Giac, who, as was commonly reported, was consenting to this murder of the duke of Burgundy.

Philip Josquin remained behind also: he was afraid to return to the duchess of Burgundy, or to her son the count de Charolois, for he was not in their good graces. This Philip Josquin was a native of Dijon, and son to an armourer of Philip of Burgundy, and for a long time had been beloved more than any of his other servants by the late duke John, who even intrusted him with his private signet, and made him sign his letters, insomuch that there was scarcely any difference between the handwriting of the duke and that which counterfeited it. All this great favour and authority created him many enemies among the princes and lords who repaired to the duke's court; but notwithstanding their hatred, from the situation he was in he amassed great wealth, and built a very handsome house in Dijon. On his leaving that place, he disposed of his money in various parts of Burgundy, Flanders,

and elsewhere, which was seized and confiscated by the count de Charolois and given by him to some of his servants, and this Philip was consequently thus deprived of all his riches. On Monday, the 11th day of September, after the dauphin had held a grand council in the town of Montereau on the state of his affairs, he wrote and despatched letters to the towns of Paris, Rheims, Châlons, and others, to gloss over his having broken the peace, and having perjured himself. The contents of that sent to Paris were as follow:

"Dear and well-beloved,—we understand that you are fully sensible how lately we agreed with the duke of Burgundy at a place called Pouilly on the terms of peace, for the obtaining of which we acceded to all his demands. To prevent the destruction of my lord the king and of our realm, among other articles the said duke did engage on his faith and oath, that within one month he would wage war against the English, the ancient enemies of this kingdom. It had been also agreed, that in consequence of this we were to unite our mutual endeavours to reform the grievances and disorders of the government and to join in expelling the common enemy out of the country. On this account we came to the town of Montereau, and waited there the space of eighteen days for the coming of the duke of Burgundy, for whose accommodation we had dislodged from, and assigned to him, the castle, as his residence. Afterward, when we did meet on the terms he had demanded, we amicably remonstrated with him, that notwithstanding his promises and that peace was now between us, he had not waged war against the English, nor had disbanded the troops from the garrisons under his command, according to his solemn engagement, and which we now again required him to do. The duke of Burgundy, in reply, made use of several foolish expressions, and even laid his hand on his sword to attack and disfigure our person, intending, as we were afterward informed, to seize and keep us under his subjection, but from which, however, through Divine mercy, and the attachment of our loyal servants, we were preserved, and he for his mad conduct was put to death on the spot.

"We signify the above matters to you, well knowing how much you will rejoice that we have been preserved from such imminent danger; and we most carnestly entreat and command, on that loyalty you have alway had for my lord the king, and for us, that whatever events may happen, you do not fail to make a strong resistance to the enemies of my lord and us; and that you prepare yourselves for war, in which we will aid and comfort you to the utmost of our power, and, thanks to the grace of God, that is sufficiently great. We will that everything that has passed be pardoned and forgotten, and that no retaliations be made on any one, but that an entire oblivion may cover the whole, and that the peace be maintained, the which we promise to keep on the faith and word of the son of a king. To this effect we have sent our letters to the provost of merchants, the sheriffs and citizens of Paris, that they may be proclaimed and published wherever it may be thought necessary; and for the due observance of what we have said, we are willing to give such securities as may be demanded. We are desirous of preserving the peace with the duke of Burgundy and his friends, and all of his party, on the terms concluded, without infringing it in the smallest degree, being anxious to unite all the faithful subjects of my lord the king to oppose the common enemy. We shall in this warfare personally serve; and we will that you do proclaim these our intentions in all the towns and villages near to and within your several jurisdictions.-Dear and well-beloved, may the Lord have you in his holy keeping. Written at Montereau-faut-Yonne, the 11th day of September," and countersigned, "CHARLES CHAMPION."

This paper was indorsed, "To our very dear and well-beloved the burghers, clergy, and inhabitants of the town of Paris."

To these letters, especially from the towns subject to the Burgundian party, no answer was given. In like manner, sir Clugnet de Brabant, whose quarters were at Vitry, wrote to many of the large towns to detach them from the dauphin; but when he found by their answers that he could not succeed, he made a severe war upon them.

CHAPTER CCXII.-THE LORD DE MONTAGU WRITES LETTERS TO SEVERAL OF THE PRINCIPAL TOWNS OF THE KINGDOM OF FRANCE. THE PARISIANS RENEW THEIR OATHS OF FIDELITY AFTER THE DEATH OF THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY.

THE lord de Montagu, instantly on his return from Montereau to Bray-sur-Seine, caused letters to be written charging the dauphin and his advisers with having committed murder on the person of his lord the duke of Burgundy,-which letters be despatched to Troyes, Rheims, Châlons, and to all the towns attached to the king and the duke of Burgundy. In these letters he humbly begged of them to be on their guard, and not to pay any attention to the lies and assertions of those who upheld the dauphin's party, for that their disloyalty was now discovered, but remain firm to the king and to the count de Charolois, successor to the duke of Burgundy, from whom, under God's good pleasure, they should have speedy assistance and support. The towns received these letters in great kindness, and strongly expressed their thanks for them to the lord de Montagu, saying they were mightily grieved at the unfortunate death of the duke of Burgundy.

On the 11th of September, the duke's death was known at Paris; and the inhabitants on hearing the manner of it were thrown into the utmost consternation and sorrow. On the morrow morning, the count de St. Pol, lieutenant of the king in Paris, the chancellor of France, the provosts of the town and of the merchants, together with the greater part of the king's ministers and officers, great numbers of nobles and inhabitants, assembled as early as they could; when, after the detail of the manner in which the murder of the duke of Burgundy had been perpetrated, they renewed their oaths of fidelity to the count de St. Pol, and swore to serve and obey him with all their forces in the guard and defence of Paris, and the preservation of the realm, against the damnable intentions of all wicked and seditious persons who have violated the peace; and to pursue, to the utmost of their power of vengeance, the conspirators and actors in the murder of the duke of Burgundy, and to denounce and accuse before the courts of law all who shall any way favour the aforesaid conspirators and murderers. They likewise engaged never to surrender the town of Paris, nor to enter into any treaty whatever without its being made public; and this they also swore to in the hands of the count de St. Pol,-which oaths were afterward sealed and sent to Senlis and other places of their party, to induce them to take similar oaths to their governors. When these things were done, many persons of both sexes were arrested in Paris, who were known to be of the dauphin's party, as well those who had returned in consequence of the peace as others of whom they had any suspicions. They were confined in different prisons, and some of them were executed in a summary way of justice.

CHAPTER

CCXIII. -THE DAUPHIN DEPARTS FROM MONTEREAU. — THE DELIVERANCE OF THOSE WHO HAD ACCOMPANIED THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY, — AND OTHER MATTERS. THE dauphin having appointed sir Pierre de Guitry (who had been present at the murder of the duke of Burgundy), governor of Montereau, departed thence with his whole force. He sent the prisoners, with the lady of Giac and Philip Josquin, to Bourges in Berry. Charles de Bourbon and sir Pierre de Giac took oaths of fidelity to serve the dauphin; but although the other prisoners were repeatedly solicited by the dauphin and his ministers to turn to their party, to which they were tempted by the most splendid offers of wealth and honours, they would never consent, replying to such solicitations that they would rather die in prison, or suffer such death as the dauphin might please to inflict, than do anything for which they or their successors might be blamed. When it was seen that they were firm in their resolution, they were all set at liberty, on paying certain sums as their ransom, except sir Charles de Lens, admiral of France, whom they put to death.

On the dauphin's arrival at Bourges, he summoned men-at-arms on all sides to join him there, with whom he advanced into Anjou, and had a conference with the duke of Brittany, who consented that a part of his nobles should serve the dauphin. He received also great

succours from Scotland, which he caused to be conducted down the Loire, and thence to Poitiers. He collected likewise men-at-arms in Auvergne and in Languedoc, and elsewhere, that he might have sufficient strength to oppose all who should attempt to injure him or the kingdom of France. He caused it to be declared throughout all the towns and countries under his dependence, that what had been done to the duke of Burgundy was in his own defence, and that he had been justly put to death,-alleging numerous reasons in his justification for suffering it, but which it would occupy too much time to relate.

When the king and queen of France heard of all these matters they were highly displeased, and to provide a remedy for them, different royal edicts were published in all parts of the kingdom under the king's obedience, containing an account of the death of the duke of Burgundy and the disloyalty of the perpetrators of it, commanding all governors, magistrates, and others, under pain of death, not to afford any aid, support or advice, to the dauphin or to his party, but to prepare themselves in all diligence to oppose him and them; in so doing they should have steady and effectual support.

CHAPTER

CCXIV.-PHILIP COUNT DE CHAROLOIS IS MADE ACQUAINTED WITH THE CRUEL MURDER OF HIS FATHER.-HE HOLDS A GRAND COUNCIL ON THE STATE OF HIS AFFAIRS, AND CONCLUDES A TRUCE WITH THE ENGLISH.-OTHER MATTERS. PHILIP count de Charolois was at Ghent when he was informed of the cruel death of his father, and was so sorely afflicted by it that it was some days before his ministers could comfort him. When his countess, the lady Michelle de France, sister to the dauphin, heard of it, she was greatly troubled, fearful that her lord would on this account be estranged from her and hold her less in his affections; but this did not happen, for within a short time, by the exhortations and remonstrances of his ministers he was no way displeased with her, and showed her as much kindness as before. He soon afterward held a council with the principal persons of Ghent, Bruges, and Ypres, and then took possession of the country of Flanders, without paying any attention to his liege lord. He departed thence for Mechlin, where he had a conference with the duke of Brabant his cousin, John of Bavaria his uncle, and his aunt the countess of Hainault, on several matters; and from Mechlin he went to Lille. From this day he styled himself duke of Burgundy, and in his letters assumed all the titles of the late duke John his father.

While he was at Lille, many great lords came thither to offer their services to him, as they had been the dependants of his father, some of whom he retained in his household, and promised the others great advantages hereafter. Master Philip de Morvillers, first president of the parliament of Paris, came also, with many notable persons; and in concert with them and with his own ministers, the duke resolved to write letters to the different towns attached to the king's and his party, setting forth that as they had been the friends and supporters of his father, he hoped they would in like manner be his. He added, that he would very shortly request a truce from the English; and desired them to send him a deputation to Arras on the 17th day of October, with sufficient powers to agree to whatever terms might be demanded from them by him. The duke of Burgundy did not delay to send ambassadors to the king of England at Rouen, to endeavour to obtain a truce for a certain space of time, for all the countries under the dependence of the king of France and himself. The ambassadors were the bishop of Arras, the lord de Toulongeon, sir Guillaume de Champdivers, sir Guillebert de Launoy and some others; and they obtained the requested truce, hoping also to proceed further with the English.

During this time the Dauphinois, quartered at or near Compiegne, recommenced a sharp warfare against such of the Burgundians as were near to them. In another part of the country, La Hire and Ponton de Santrailles, with a large force, took the town of Crespy in the Laonnois, and the castle of Clarcy; by which conquests the town of Laon and the countries of the Laonnois and Vermandois were kept under great subjection.

When the 17th of October was come, the duke of Burgundy, sir John de Luxembourg, with numbers of other lords and captains, together with the deputations from the principal

towns, assembled in Arras. They were very affectionately addressed by the dean of Liege, by orders of the duke, and particularly those lords and captains who had served his late father, and requested that in like manner they would serve him in an expedition which he proposed shortly to undertake for the good of the king and kingdom. The deputies from the towns were also required to support his party, and to afford him every aid and assistance, should there be occasion. To these requests all present unanimously assented.

CHAPTER CCXV.-THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY ORDERS A FUNERAL SERVICE TO BE PERFORMED IN THE CHURCH OF ST. VAAST AT ARRAS, FOR DUKE JOHN HIS LATE FATHER.OTHER MATTERS.

On the 13th day of this same month of October, the duke of Burgundy had a solemn service celebrated in the church of St. Vaast in Arras, for the salvation of the soul of duke John his father. There were present at it the bishops of Amiens, of Cambray, of Terouenne, of Tournay, and of Arras,—many abbots from Flanders, Artois, and the adjacent countries, -and there were in the whole twenty-four crosiers. The chief mourner, the duke of Burgundy, was supported by sir John de Luxembourg and sir James de Harcourt. The bishop of Amiens said mass, during which friar Pierre Floure, doctor in divinity and of the order of preaching friars, delivered the sermon. He was also inquisitor of the faith in the province of Rheims; and he exhorted the duke most strongly in his discourse not to take vengeance into his own hands for the death of his father, but to apply to the laws for reparation of the crime, and should the laws be insufficient, he should afford them every assistance, and not think of executing justice himself, for that belonged to God alone. of the nobles present were not very well pleased with the preacher for his sermon. Some days after this service, sir John de Saulx, knight, doctor of laws, and chancellor to duke John, sir Andrieu de Valines, master John d'Orle advocate in the parliament, John de Caumesnil, with others of the principal citizens of Paris, sent by the count de St. Pol and the Parisians, arrived at Arras and waited on the duke of Burgundy to know what his future intentions and plans might be. When they had been well entertained by the duke and his ministers, they were told that within a few days the duke would form an alliance with the king of England by the consent of the king of France; and that when this was done he would, with his whole force, seek for reparation and vengeance on the cruel murderers of his father.

Many

On receiving this information, and after having concluded several agreements, the Parisians returned home to carry back the intelligence and to keep the citizens and inhabitants of the Isle de France in good obedience. The duke of Burgundy then assembled some of his most powerful and faithful lords, as well seculars as ecclesiastics, with whom he held many secret councils to consider how he should conduct himself in the present state of his affairs, more especially respecting the death of his father. On this subject their opinions were divided, but at length the majority determined that since he had permission from the king of France, he should form a strict alliance with the English. In consequence of this resolution, an embassy was again sent to the king of England at Rouen, consisting of the bishop of Arras, sir Actis de Brimeu, sir Roland de Uniquerke, and others, who on their arrival at Rouen were kindly received by the king and princes, for he was very desirous of forming a connection with the duke of Burgundy, well knowing that through his means, in preference to all others, he could obtain the hand of the lady Catherine of France, which he was so anxious to have. When the ambassadors had declared the causes of their coming, and exhibited a sketch of their articles for the proposed alliance, the king was tolerably satisfied, and told them that within a few days he would send ambassadors to the duke who should declare his final resolutions. With this answer they returned to Arras.

About St. Andrew's day following, the bishop of Rochester, the earls of Warwick and of Kyme, with other knights and esquires, arrived at Arras, as ambassadors from the king of England, to whom the duke gave a most honourable reception. They laid before him the different articles of a treaty which the king wished to conclude with Charles king of France

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