pletes the list of hospitals of any importance in the vicinity of Manila during Spanish times. Many unimportant institutions went under the name of hospitals but they did not deserve the name either in equipment or in size.

No page of Philippine history is more remarkable than that which records the progress in medicine since the American occupation. The number of patients treated in hospitals has taken the enormous jump of 1,400% between 1902 and 1918. In 1902 the number of patients treated was 11,588; in 1918 the number was 161,229. "In 1918 there was a greater degree of comfort in hospitals, a greater character of permanence, a larger supply of medicine in the free dispensaries, and a systematic organization of the sanitary force . . .'

Wherever there is a medical missionary he is likely to be the most popular man in the community. Not everybody feels the need for the particular brand of Christianity offered by Protestants; the missionary must create a demand for his product; but everybody comes, soon or late, to a sense of need of the mission doctor's medicine, regardless of their opinion of his religion. The first service therefore which impresses the visitor in a mission hospital is the way it breaks down prejudice and turns antagonists into supporters of Evangelical Christianity. In Aparri, Laoag, Vigan, Manila, Iloilo, Capiz, Bohol, Leyte, Dumaguete, Cagayan, Zamboanga, and Davao, one finds multitudes of people won over to friendship for Protestantism by the ministrations of the doctor and

nurses.

As Dr. P. H. J. Lerrigo cleverly puts it, "Polong and Bolong (the "Word" and the "medicine") go well together, even though one must sometimes amputate a forearm with a bucksaw, as I once had to do." The following narrative of one of Dr. Lerrigo's itinerating experiences might be duplicated in the note books of any doctor in the Islands:

"After fifteen minutes of siesta on bamboo benches in the village school house, we rode away into the sun, and towards nightfall came to Del Pilar, where the sick gathered in the house of a good friend. Here we treated high and lowfor the presidente of the town came for examination, fol

The height of each figure is proportional to the number of persons in the group which it represents. It is said that many people in Europe suppose that there are whooping Indians on the streets of New York! The impression which many Americans have about the nonChristian in the Philippines is just as absurd.

lowed by a large number of the poor, suffering from divers diseases. In the mist of the clinic we stopped while Doroteo took up the word in an informal way, talking to the crowd of sick folk. After the clinic we all went to the plaza, and again Doroteo proclaimed the Gospel and pleaded with the people. After the meeting the sick who could not come to us were visited. Thoroughly tired we came back to the solace of our traveling companion, the canvas cot." Does not this remind one of scenes from the gospels?

Thus the entering wedge has been driven into many districts which seemed hopelessly antagonistic to the Gospel. "There was a time," said Juan Rivera, "when I did not like to speak to a Christian preacher, but if a Christian doctor had come to me, I would have been won very easily to Christ. This is an age, my friends, when the beliefs and ideals of Christianity must be expressed in practical terms, and this is what medical science does." When Dr. James A. Graham settled in Tagbilaran, Bohol, that island was one of the most friarridden parts of the Philippines. At first he had no patients, for the priests terrified the people into believing that the Protestant doctor would kill or bewitch them; to-day his hospital is too small for the flood of patients who occupy it. To-day Dr. Graham is as well known as the highest official, and when he leaves for a vacation the loss is felt more keenly than at the departure of any other man. As one citizen of Bohol put it, "There is a feeling of sadness all over Bohol when Dr. Graham leaves even for a few weeks." When in 1918 he took his regular furlough those who had formerly fought him went to the dock to bid him farewell and to urge him to hurry back. It is said of Dr. J. Andrew Hall, first missionary to Iloilo, that he has so captured the hearts of the people of his island that when he leaves many people refuse to go to the hospital or even to church, until he returns. The extent of his personal hold upon the entire province is almost unbelievable. When Dr. Warren J. Miller reached Leyte in 1913 he found the mission work struggling against the most bitter prejudice and the most unscrupulous persecution that has perhaps been experienced anywhere in the Philippines. But Leyte

was in pathetic need of a good physician. The report was circulated that the new doctor had a kind of dope in his medicine which would make Protestants out of Romanists and thus send them to Hell. It leaked out however that the priest in Tinawan was using some of Dr. Miller's medicine, and other people began to make the venture. Dr. Miller was able to advertise himself by means of a noisy motor-cycle. Naturally a friendly man, he left no opportunity slip by to hail every man, woman, and child he met on the road; if they did not respond he never knew it, and if they threw a stone at him he was going faster than the stone. Gradually the children succumbed to his cheery personality, and would line the road to practice the little English they knew in greeting him as he flew by. To-day the visitor who accompanies Dr. Miller finds himself bombarded, not with stones, but with a double row of shouting children, cheering the medico. Surely this cannot be the island which ten years ago was the bitter foe of Protestants! It is no longer so. On the contrary, reports are coming from Leyte that splendid revivals and substantial acquisitions to the churches are placing it among the most promising stations in the Visayas.

The same sort of transformation took place in the city of Laoag in Ilocos Norte, where there was at first bitter hatred of both Americans and Protestantism. Dr. Cyrus L. Pickett has exhibited the spirit of Christ in a beautiful way for the last twenty years in that city, with the result that to-day there are few places where Americans are so loved or where everybody is so friendly to the Protestant cause. As. Dr. Pickett modestly puts it: "As to making friends for the cause which we represent, I think we have been successful. .. . Many times I have had such people say, 'Well I believe in this kind of missions'. . . I was pretty badly swamped one morning in the treatment of a bunch of tropical yaws, when a Roman Catholic representative of the Bureau of Health stepped in, and I said to him, 'Shed your coat and give me a lift.' After we had injected about seventeen cases, most of them children, he said, 'Well, doctor, you are doing more good in this country than I am. I see that right now.'"