The food industry in Brazil and the United States: the effects of the FTAA on trade and investment (Working Paper SITI = Documento de Trabajo IECI n. 7)BID-INTAL, 2004 - 60 ページ |
多く使われている語句
acquisitions agri-food system Antoni Estevadeordal Argentina available in Spanish average Azevedo beef beverage companies bilateral trade Brazilian companies Brazilian exports Brazilian firms Brazilian food industry Brazilian food system Cargill Chapecó companies in Brazil competitive concentration ratios corporations countries dairy product Direct Investment Position diversified domestic Economic employment English FCOJ Florida food companies food manufacturing industries food processing food processing industries food products Food Service Foreign Direct Investment fruit and vegetable FTAA grain INDUSTRY IN BRAZIL industry’s INTAL INTAL-ITD INTAL-ITD-STA Integración Kraft Foods largest manufacturing sector market share meat products MERCOSUR Middle-West milk milling NAICS Nestlé non-tariff barriers Number of Establishments number of firms operate orange juice industry Parmalat Paulo pork poultry product manufacturing region relative Sadia São Paulo Sara Lee Sara Lee Corp Source soybean tariff rate total food system trade barriers trade flows Tyson Foods Unilever value added value of shipments vertical coordination vertically integrated
人気のある引用
46 ページ - US Department of Commerce. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Foreign Direct Investment in the United States: Operations of US Affiliates of Foreign Companies, Preliminary 1986 Estimates, June 1988.
61 ページ - Agroindustrialization of the Global Agrifood Economy: Bridging Development Economics and Agribusiness Research', Agricultural Economics 23 (3): 207—18.
21 ページ - Dog and Cat Food Manufacturing Other Animal Food Manufacturing Flour Milling Rice Milling Malt Manufacturing Wet Corn Milling Soybean Processing Other Oilseed Processing Fats and Oils Refining and Blending Breakfast Cereal Manufacturing...
45 ページ - US parent companies' equity in, and net outstanding loans to, their foreign affiliates" (foreign business enterprises owned 10 percent or more by US persons or companies). The table does not necessarily indicate total assets held in each country. In some instances, the narrative refers to investments for which figures may not appear in the table.
16 ページ - the sector is best described by a big-small model, where extremely large firms control leading positions in most markets, and smaller companies, including startups, operate in a competitive fringe trying to serve a particular market niche or develop a new idea".
21 ページ - Fluid Milk Manufacturing Creamery Butter Manufacturing Cheese Manufacturing Dry, Condensed, and Evaporated Dairy Product Manufacturing Ice Cream and Frozen Dessert Manufacturing...
59 ページ - Definition of public standards related to food quality and marketing -in particular, perishable products such as dairy, meat, and fruits and vegetables-. A transition period may be necessary to allow gradual adaptation by Brazilian firms operating in a "loose
45 ページ - FDI is distinct from portfolio investment, which is motivated by the expected return on investment rather than control over assets. In general, multinational companies use FDI to circumvent trade barriers, gain access to less expensive production resources, and tailor products to local tastes in foreign markets. FDI may be effected through the establishment of a new business enterprise ("greenfield" investment) or through investments in already established businesses by means of international M&As.
23 ページ - In these industries, large multinational firms have dominant market positions in Brazil but coexist with a competitive fringe comprised of small companies. Farmer-owned cooperatives are important players in grain industries in both the United States and Brazil. Agricultural cooperatives originate and market roughly 40% of all grains and soybeans in the United States, as in Brazil.
26 ページ - Although concentration ratios in exports are quite large, they do not imply any degree of market power, since firms compete in highly competitive international markets. However, the difference in concentration ratios reflects higher mobility barriers for firms moving from domestic to export markets. In addition to the high product quality standards required in export markets, the necessary fixed costs and specialized resources prevent most Brazilian meat companies from participating in international...