by citizens to arm under proper regulations, to be pre-of Washington, in the Mississippi territory, against scribed by law in self-defence, against all unlawful proceedings against them on the high seas," for the purpose of inserting the following: authorize the merchant vessels of the United States to arm under proper regulations to be prescribed by law." This question was decided in the negative. The question was then taken on the resolution as above, and determined as follows: Harry Toulmin, judge of said district, be referred to a select committee, to consider and report thereon to the house; which was agreed to, and Messrs. Poindexter, Bibb, Rhea, Calhoun, Taliaferro, Bigelow and Champion were appointed said com mittee. Monday, Dec. 23.-Mr. Porter presented the pe tition of the commissioners of the state of New. YEAS-Messrs. Alston, Anderson, Avery, Bacon, York appointed to promote the opening “a canal Baker, Bassett, Bibb, Bigelow, Blackledge, Bleck-navigation between the great lakes and Hudson's er, Breckenridge, Brigham, Butler, Calhoun, Cham-river," praying the co-operation of congress therepion, Cheeves, Chittenden, Clopton, Cooke, Condit, in; which was referred to the same committee as Crawford, Davenport, Davis, Dawson, Desha, Dins- the petition of the President and Directors of the moor, Ely, Findley, Fitch, Franklin, Gholson, Gold, Union Canal Company of Pennsylvania, appointed Goldsborough, Goodwyn, Green, Grundy, B. Hall, on the 7th instant. O. Hall, Harper, Hawes, Hyneman, Jackson, John- On motion of Mr. Pitkin, it was son, King, Lacock, Law, Lefever, Little, Livings- Resolved, That the Secretary of the Treasury be ton, Lyle, Maxwell, Moore, M'Bryde, M'Coy, Met-directed to lay before the house a statement of the calf, Milnor, Morgan, Mosely, Nelson, Newbold, several banks in which the public money is deposit. Newton, Ormsby, Paulding, Pearson, Pickens, Pi-ed, and the amount which is designated to each per, Pitkin, Pleasants, Pond, Porter, Potter, Quin- bank, together with the greatest amount that has cy, Reed, Ridgely, Ringgold, Rhea, Roane, Sage, been deposited in each bank at any one period since Sammons, Seaver, Sevier, Shaw, Smilie, J. Smith, the 4th day of March, A. D. 1811, and also the Stow, Sturges, Taggart, Tallmadge, Tallman, Tra-amount deposited in each bank on the 30th Septem cy, Troup, Turner, Van Cortlandt, Wheaton, ber, A. D. 1811, and he is also directed to inform White, Widgery, Wilson.-97. this house on what terms, under what authority, NAYS-Messrs. Archer, Bard, Blount, Boyd, and on what security such deposits are made. Brown, Cochran, Hufty, Kent, Lowndes, Macon, M'Kee, M'Kim, Mitchill, Morrow, Roberts, Rod-tions: man, Sheffey, Stanford, Steuart, Whitehill, Williams, Wright.-22. Mr. Burwell and Mr. Bleecker were appointed committee to present the above resolve to the president. Friday, December 20.-The bill for completing the existing military establishment, was read the third time in committee of the whole and passed. YEAS-110. NAYS-Messrs. Bigelow, Boyd, Champion, Davenport, Ely, Law, Lewis, Potter, Stanford, Sturges, Wheaton-11. The same gentleman moved the following resolu of 1st. That the secretary of the Treasury be di rected to lay before the house a statement of the amount, in value, of the imports and exports the United States for each year from the 4th of March, A. D. 1789, to the close of the year A. D. 1810, as far as practicable, distinguishing the im ports and exports of each state and territory, also distinguishing the value of the exports of domestic production from those of foreign. 2d. Resolved, That the secretary of the treasury be directed to lay before the house a statement of the district tonnage of the United States within each state and territory, for each year from the 4th of March, A. D. 1789, to the close of the year 1810, distinguishing as far as practicable the amount em ployed in foreign trade, the coasting trade, and in the fisheries-also, a statement of the foreign tonnage employed in the trade of the United States for each year, during the same period. 3d. Resolved, That the secretary of the treasury be directed to lay before this house a statement of the gross and nett amount of duties on exports and tonnage within each state and territory, in each year from the 4th of March, A. D. 1789, to the close of the year A. D. 1810, with the charges of collection, The bill to raise an additional military establish- together with the amount of drawbacks for each ment was read the first and second times and refer-year, in each state, during the same period. red to the committee on foreign relations. The house resumed as in committee of the whole, the bill to prevent the expor ation from the Uni ed States or territories, of merchandize under the authority of permits or licenses, derived from any foreign power; when Mr. Nelson reported that the committee (to whom it was referred) had the bill under consideration and made some progress therein, it was ordered that the house do resolve itself into a committee of the whole to sit again on the same to-morrow. Saturday, December 21.-On motion of Mr. Poindexter, The house proceeded to consider the resolution submitted by him on the 19th inst. which Mr. Poindexter withdrew, and moved that the letter of Cowles Mead, with the presentment of the Grand Jury Which several resolutions were read, the first concurred in and the second and third ordered to lie on the table. The following message was then received from the President of the United States by Mr. Coles his secretary. To the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States: I communicate to congress copies of an act of the legislature of New-York relating to a canal from the Great Lakes to Hudson river. In making the communication I consult the respect due to that state in whose behalf the commissioners ap pointed by the act have placed it in my hands for the purpose. The utility of canal navigation is universally admitted. It is not less certain that scarcely any Mr. Poindexter moved that the house do come to the following resolution: country offers more extensive opportunities for that further to protect the commerce and seamen of JAMES MADISON. Washington, December 23, 1811. December 24.-On motion of Mr. Kent, This resolution was read, and the further consi Ordered that the petition of the president and deration thereof postponed until the first Monday directors of the Chesapeake and Delaware canal, in February next. company, presented the 28th January, 1806, and vania. The speaker presented the petition of the legisla the 13th of February 1807, be severally referred to ture of the Indiana territory, praying that a grant the committee appointed on the 6th inst. on the of land may be made to every officer and soldier memorial of the Union Canal Company of Pennsyl-who served in the late expedition under governor Harrison against the hostile Indians; and that a Mr. Morrow presented the petition of sundry similar grant may be made to the heirs of those inhabitants of Champaign Company, Ohio, praying who were killed in the action of the 7th ultimo. that additional duties may be laid on hemp imported into the United States: which was ordered to be referred to the committee of commerce and manufactures. WEST FLORIDA. Mr. Poindexter moved that the house do come to the following resolution: The speaker also presented the petition of a committee appointed for that purpose at a meeting of the officers and privates of the several militia corps of Knox county, Indiana territory, who served in the campaign under governor Harrison "praying that grants of land may be made to the heirs of such officers and soldiers as fell in the action of the Resolved, That the president of the United States 17th ult. and that compensation may be made for be requested to inform the house whether any ne-horses and other property unavoidably lost or degociation is now pending between the United States stroyed in said action;" which two petitions were and Spain, or any other power, respecting the referred to the committee appointed on the 19th claim of the United States to that tract of country inst. on the message from the president of the of which possession was taken by virtue of the pre- United States transmitting letters from governor sident's proclamation, bearing date the 27th day of Harrison relative to that action. The bill from the senate authorising the president October, 1810; and also whether he is possessed of any information which in his opinion requires that of the United States to raise certain companies of the legislative authority of congress over said coun-Rangers for the protection of the frontier of the try should be suspended with a view to future negociation on that subject. This resolution was ordered to lie on the table. gs moved that the house do come to Mr. Jenni lution: the following resu. resident of the United States Resolved, That the aid before the house any be requested to cause to be.. otherwise, which additional information, verbal 'portant to the which may he may have received relative and in public situation of the Indiana territory not be improper to be communicated, The resolution was read and also ordered to on the table. lie Mr Stow moved that the house do come to the following resolution: tion was read the second time and referred to the United States, was read the first time, and on mocominittee appointed on that part of the president's message which relates to filling the ranks and prolonging the enlistment of the regular troops and to an auxilliary military force. And the house adjourned over to Thursday. See page 312. Two societies of rural and domestic economy have en formed in Norway, one at Christiana, the es essays on subjects analogous to the and publi ir institution. The typographical other Asker. Each of them proposes premiums has lately been re-organized, "s. The former number of 24 in Norway and 25 of the Resolved, That should a war ensue between the American seamen and their associates for each GREECE.-The Ionian Academy, es blished at the best toe British ship of war which they may capture and in Denmark. TOTALS, 268,405 100,571 373,951||337,764 133 296/478,105376,310|168,824|555,500| *Dobbs county is not mentioned in the last enumerations. NOTE.-See note to page 264-counties formed since 1790 in Italics-since 1800 in SMALL CAPITALS. South-Carolina. In 1790. In 1800. In 1810. DISTRICTS. 8,089 7,684, 16,359 9,630 9,819 20,473|| 12,628 11,671 24,711) 4,394 20,471 24,903 6,275 16,568 22,938 4,199 16,031 20,428 10,315 5,356 15,766 6,239 6,563 13,103 4,621 2,155 6,914 5,575 1,690 7,376 York 1,804 10,248, 7,828 3,164 10,032 Chester 6,866 7,019 1,164 8,185, Fairfield 6,138 1,485 Laurens 8,270 1,120 Pendleton 8,731 834 Greenville Spartanburgh 8,800 10,609 Union 8,472 9,397 10,870 1,919 12,809 11,645 3,308 14,982 19,363 3,485 22,897 10,739 4,300 1,646 6,318 4,942 4,847 9,867 9,848 4,006 13,964 MARLBOROUGH LEXINGTON DARLINGTON CHESTERFIELD HORRY TOTALS 3,867 1,639 5,564 2.943 1,398 4,349 140,078 107,094 249,073 ||296,245 146,151 345,591||214, 196196,365 415,115 TOTAL, 7,573 52,886 29,264 82,548 101,066 59,699162,686145,414105,218 252,433 speedily after being cut down, a circumstance which as before observed, will affect the quality of the ashes. Potash. The following article was written for the REGISTER at the request of some friends in the western The trees being felled and cut into convenient country; we hope it may answer all the purposes lengths may be burned either in a kiln or in the open required. air; if in the latter way, a brick floor or hearth The great importance which this article bears in should be laid to prevent the earth being mixed the list of our exportations, and the immense varie-with the ashes when they are afterwards scraped ty of quality to which it is liable, from the fraud or up, and the wood piled upon this by laying the logs carelessness of manufactures, render it a desirable alternately across each other, and filling the inter thing to understand the mode of manufacturing the stices with the smaller branches or brushwood; the largest quantities by a process which shall not in-bottom logs should then be set on fire at each end. jure its useful properties. The manufacturers are When the pile is completely burned, the ashes generally too apt to calculate their interest by the should be suffered to remain, without being stirred quantity they can send to market, without reflecting until nearly cold, and then carried under a shed or that the prices of all commodities are regulated by in a house and placed in proper vessels where they their quality, or their particular adoption to the should lie for a month or more, wetting them frepurposes of employment. Faults of this kind have quently and ramming them into a close heap. It is led the chemists of Europe to turn their attention improper to burn a second pile upon the ashes of to the subject, and various ingenious modes have the first, as the degree of heat to which these would been contrived for the purpose of procuring it be thus subjected would materially affect the salt among themselves; it therefore particularly behoves to be afterwards obtained from them. our manufacturers to be attentive to the quality of The second and least objectionable mode of burnwhat they offer for sale, lest in our over-eagerness to increase its profits, we should entirely lose this lucrative branch of our commerce. ing the wood is in a kiln made for the purpose which may be built of brick or stone and of any size. At about one third of the height of the kiln an iron grate should be fitted in, upon which the wood is placed; the apartment under the grate should be paved with brick, having a door way communicating outwards closed with an iron lid, when the wood is set on fire, the cracks of this door way should be completely stopped by mortar, or by banking the earth up against it. The grate or bed of the kiln should be filled with wood to the surface, Several circumstances are found materially to and a supply constantly kept up, until the ashes in influence the quality of this alkaline salt: the na-the lower apartment have nearly reached the grate. ture of the materials which are reduced to ashes: They should then be drawn out whilst red hot and the mode of conducting the combustion; and the in that state sprinkled with ley tiil they are suffi degree of heat applied in the process of evaporation. ciently damp to be rammed into a heap as directed With respect to the first, the trees or other vegeta- in the former case. In this state they are ready for ble substances intended to be incinerated, should the second process, that of forming the ley: for this be perfectly sound and free from marks of decay or purpose they should be put into vats or hoppers putrefaction. Particular trees and vegetables are having false bottoms latticed and covered with two found to yield a greater quantity and a better quality or three layers of straw to prevent the ashes from than others; thus hiccory, poplar, ash and oak, falling through along with the liquor. The vats are generally preferred among the trees, and of the (of which there should be at least three) should be vegetables the marine plants are best. In Russia it filled to within four or five inches of the top and the is the practice to let the trees remain after they are ashes well rammed as they are put in so as to form felled for twelve months or more, that they may be a solid and compact mass, taking care to heap more thoroughly dried before they are burned. But Mr. around the sides of the vat, that a concavity may be Stephens, a gentleman who a short time before the left in the centre. The vats being all prepared in revolution, obtained a grant from the parliament of the same manner, let the concavity or bason of the England to establish a manufacture of potash in first be filled with soft water, and kept constantly this country, and who succeeded perfectly, was in supplied until the ashes will absorb no more. In the habit of burning the wood immediately after it about twenty-four hours the ley which has soaked was felled, which is unquestionably the most pro- through into the receiver should be drawn off, per plan, as many trees begin to decay and rot very land the ashes again supplied with water unti It has been observed that commercial men and practical tradesmen have more just ideas on this salt than the generality of men of science. This may be true in a limited sense.. The tradesman may by experience of its effects be enabled to know the pure from the impure; but we must resort to the chemist to be informed wherein those impurities consist, and how they may be avoided. |