and 9th municipalities of Paris. During ||
the trial it came out, that the prifoner had
made it for years a regular practice to mar-
ry a new wife, wherever he went with his
regiment; and to the knowledge of his.
own brother he had already 14 French
wives alive, befides one Italian, one Swifs,

tell me honey !"To which the other an. fwered No my dear Mac, I an't dead at all; but by fhoul I am fpeechless."

SIR CHARLES WAGER was feized with a fever while he was out on a cruize; and the furgeon without much difficulty prevailed upon him to loofe a little blood, and fuffer a blifter to be laid on his back; by and by it was thought neceffary to lay on another blifter, and repeat the bleeding, to which Sir Charles alfo confented; the fymptoms then abated, and the furgeon told him, that he must now (wallow a few boluffes and take a draught: No. Doctor, fays Sir Charles, you fhall batter my hulk as long as you will, but d-n me! ·you

and two Dutch women who had been mar-
ried to him in those countries, when in
garrifon, or encamped there. Before he
was eighteen he had been divorced, accord-
ing to the laws of the republic, from
five wives, not included in the above
number, by whom he had fix children;
and the three wives now before the tribu-
nat all declared themselves to be in a state
of pregnancy by him. Being afked by
the public accufer if he had many child-fhan't board me.
ren with the other women not prefent,
though known to be married to him? he
THERE is now living in Virginia an
anfwered cooly, "I had at least one with
idiot, who was never known to make any
each woman, and I believe that I have as
fenfible obfervations, except that he could
many children alive as I can count years."
always tell when the moon changed. A
He offered to give the names and places of
lawyer, wifhing to make a laugh for him-
refidence of as many wives as he could re-
felf and companions, afked, "when will
member to have married ;-and gave the the fun change,"-" When lawyers go to
names of eleven in eleven different depart-heaven," replied the fool.
ments. To gain time to inquire af-
ter these women, the commiffary of gov
ernment propofed, and the tribunal con.
fented, to put off his trial until the 6th of
Germinal, on which day, eight of thofe
women, each with a child, came before
the tribunal, and identified their faithlefs
husband, who had the impudence to declare,
that if he had been Grand Sultan, he
fhould have kept them all with the fame af-
fection. After a trial of three hours, he
was found guilty of Bigamy, and con-
demned to be punished with a fortnight's
imprifonment, and to regard Anna Varois,
whom he had married nine years ago, as
his only wife. To this he refused to af-
fent, faying, that inftead of punishment, spicuous manner, in the Advertiser which accompa
he deferved a reward; and that many per-
fons had been made members of the le.
gion of honor for lefs patriotic deeds than
his, and that he intended to petition the
first conful for obtaining permiffion to chuse
his own wife from among his own wives.

A GRANDEE of Spain, handing fome retrefliments to a circle of ladies, obferved one with a moft brilliant ring, and was rude enough to fay, in her hearing, "Ifhould prefer the ring to the hand.” "And I," faid the lady, (looking fleadfaftly at the glittering order fufpended to the Don's neck,) fhould prefer the collar to the beaft."

TWO Irishmen fighting together, one of them knocked the other down, and feeing him lie motionlefs, thought he had killed him; taking him by the hand he cried, "O my dear Paddy, now be after fpeaking to me and if I have killed you

TERMS OF THE BALANCE,

FOR 1804.

To City Subscribers, Two Dollars and Fifty Cents, payable quarterly.

To those who receive them by mail, Two Dop ars, payable in advance.

To those who take their papers at the office, in bundles, or otherwise, a deduction from the city price will be made.

A handsome Title Page and Table of Content will accompany the last number of the volume. Advertisements inserted in a handsome and com

nies the Balance.

NOTE.

The first and second Volumes of the Balanes
may be had on the following terms —
First Volume-unbound —
Second Volume,

Both Volumee,

8 2
$. 2, 30
$ 4

If bound, the price of binding (either plain or el egant) will be added.—An unbound volume may be sent to any post-office in the state for 52 cents postage; or to any post-office in the union for 78 cents

PUBLISHED BY

HARRY CROSWELL,
Warren-Street, Hudson.

WHERE PRINTING IN GENERAL IS EXEGYTE
WITH ZLEGANCE AND ACCURACY.

Original.

HUDSON, (New-YORK) TUESDAY, OCTOBER 9, 1804.

Hither the products of your closet-labors bring,
Enrich our columns, and instruct mankind.

FOR THE BALANCE.

THE LIMNER.

MR. EDITOR,

move this fhade from her countenance,
but all in vain. She perfilled, and I was
obliged to comply. After sketching the
face, I proceeded downwards: The bo-
fom was next to be copied. "What a
pity," I exclaimed," that this part is not
concealed, instead of the forehead." A
thousand fingular ideas crowded into my
imagination, as I reflected on this ftrange
inconfiftency in female fafhion. I made
no great hafte, in performing this part of
my talk. I was fo much taken up with
gazing, that my pallet hung carelessly up-
on my thumb, and my pencil actually
once fell from my fingers. This threw the
young lady into fome confufion. I apol-
ogized and proceeded. The fhoulder and
arm were next pourtrayed. In drawing
the elbow, I found it neceffary to heighten
my flesh-colour to a deep purple; for al-
though the skin of her face and bofom was
uncommonly white and fair, her elbow
was rough, high-coloured and uncomely.

"I think that is much too dark, Mr. Pal-
let," faid fhe, cafting her eye on the pic-

I arofe to fhut the door. On again tak
ing my feat, I obferved that she had to dif
pofed the folds of her gown that the shape
of the knee was no longer vifible. I took
the hint, and inflantly altered the picture.
"Ah," faid I, as the left the fhop,
*** if all
fashionable young ladies could have their
uncouth and ridiculous modes of drefs
properly expofed, they would not hesitate
to strike them out of the picture.

PETER PALLET..

FOR THE BALANCE.

TO THE CITIZENS OF THE UNITED STATES.

PROFESSE

AS I intend to give a faithful, SI intend to 'give a faithful account of the most diftinguished of my cuftomers, I fhall begin with A FASHIONABLE YOUNG LADY, who called last week at my fhop for a full length picture. She was an excellent figure, handfome, and remarkably eafy and agreeable in her behaviour. She was fashionably, and, I need not add, very expenfively dreffed. You may fuppofe, Mr. Editor, that I was not a little gratified at the appearance of fuch a customer. I sprung out of my chair and flew round the room, in fuch agitation, that I kicked over my cafel, upfetture. three gallipots, and came within a hair's "pray compare it." She placed her elbreadth of dashing my old Reflector to bow upon the canvass. "It injures the pieces. At length, having every thing in Tooks of the picture," faid the. "Not readiness, I began the work. "Madam,' more than it injures the looks of the realfaid I," will you part your locks on your ity, madam." She proposed to have the forehead a little, that I may be enabled to elbow covered with a glove. I approved fee the colour and fhape of your eye."- the plan. Nothing now remained but the "Oh, fir," faid fhe, fimpering "you drapery. She was dreffed in white muf. muft paint the locks and the eyes as they lin, very fine and tranfparent. My fhopare, because it is the fashion to wear the door was open, and the wind blew back Bleeding with the recent lofs of an hair in this way." It matters not what her gown, and expofed the fhape of the HAMILTON, not an individual American the fashion is," I replied, "for fhould I joint vulgarly called the knee. My penwill need be told that I allude to the barpaint you with your hair in this fituation, cil, faithful to its duty, immediately threw barous, the difgraceful and wicked practhe eyes and the forehead, the finest part on all the fhades that were neceffary to tice of Duelling-not an individual Aof the face would be wholly loft." I used make the picture a true copy of the orig-merican, deferving the name, but will many arguments to perfuade her to re-inal. This called a blush into her face. blufh, under the recollection of that caI

ROFESSING as you do, fellow citizens, to make it your pride and your boaft to be governed by laws and inftitutions which are the refult of your own deliberations, and which are fan&tioned by the voice of a majority of the community, is it not long enough that you have permitted an infignificant minority, conftitut

"Not at all, madam," I replied, ed by, perhaps, an hundredth of your num

ber, and confifting of individuals poffeffing, on the principles of government and policy which you profels to advocate and maintain, the fmalleft pretenfion to your refpect and confidence, to impofe upon you laws, the confequences of which are most important, moft difaftrous, moft fatal to your dearest interests ?

taflrophe, at the al!nfion-would to God 1 dared to add-not an individual American but will inftantly refolve, if he has not al ready refolved, that IT SHALL BE SO NO LONGER !

e

For what, my countrymen, can excufe you for having conferred upon this fyftem of honorable MURDER a degree of fan&tion, authority and reputation which not. ven the weight of character poffeffed by that man was deemed fufficient to refift? Will you not blush at the recollection of having hitherto virtually faid to fuch as have afpired to particular confideration in the community-Put your life at rifque with the man, be he who he may, that claims it, or confent to be branded as a coward and a poltroon, and to have your name erafed from the lifts of the honorable"-until even Alexander Hamilton, although ftrongly impreffed with the conviction of the unjuftifiablenefs and wickednefs of the practice, and although he dared, without emotion, to meet the aim of a man long practifed and drilled in the art, dared not to encounter the confequences of a refusal ?

a perfonal account in the field, and either to take their lives, or brand them with dif. grace and infamy, does that fecurity fland upon the bafis which it ought?

While fo many confiderations confpire to form the most impreffive inducementwhile it is equally the dictate of religion, of reafon, of duty, of juftice, of policy, and of intereft; will not the citizens of the United States at length confent to be awakened and aroufed to the worthy and noble refolution of abolishing at once a practice fo difgraceful to them, and which is fo perfectly foreign to all their other in. ftitutions? Nothing but the moft fingular and unaccountable apathy, and lethargic ftupor of the country, have fan&tioned the prevalence of it hitherto; and nothing more is neceffary to its immediate and complete deftruction, than a bold, manly, and decided expreffion of the national fentiment, and the national fpirit.

he improved it or not, to fhoot, or ftab, at || plicitly permitted, to call thofe citizens to his murderer, the penalty does not attach ? Do we live in a country proteffing to maintain republican inftitutions, founded in reason, justice, and equity; where to fecure the prevalence of thefe principles, fo effential to the happiness, and even the exiflence of civil fociety, the fubjects of our laws are the framers of them; and fhall it be faid that in this country the man who to fecure the poffeffion of the traveller's purfe, for the relief, perhaps, of a ftarving family, finds it neceflary to take his life, or who, in an affray of paffion, ftrikes his antagonist an unlucky blow with a fimple bludgeon, which happens to terminate his exiftence, shall suffer the ut moft feverity of law, as a murderer; while another fits down coolly and deliberately in his clofet, commands by an imperious mandate his neighbour to meet him on the field of blood, prafiices in the interim with the weapon of death, to make furer work, and plants the well-aimed ball in his heart; all, perhaps, for a difrefpectful word, a joftle in the street, or a tread upon the toe; and all-with impunity !If fo, Will it be faid that fome of you have then, for Heaven's fake! to preferve pafled fevere penal fpecial laws for its pre- fomething like confiftency in our policy vention-how, I afk, have thofe laws been and jurifprudence, let us abrogate all our executed? Victim after victim has fallen; flimfy laws founded upon modern ideas of and to difplay the feverity of your difap- truth and juftice, and reftore the ancient probation and refentment-to fignalize feudal lifts of ordeal, combat, &c.-Let your abhorrence of the deed, and your re- us purfue the fyftem in all its parts and agard for juftice, you have-what ?-Inalogies-let a good fhot" be the critebluth to proceed-you have-conferred upon the perpetrator the honors and emolments of office! Your Senates and your Courts of Justice exhibit men ftained with the blood of thofe vidims! You were told that it was 66 an affair of HONOR"-and awed-appalled at the n.ajefty of that name that imperial principle, to which the laws of God, and of civil fociety must bow-you implicitly acquiefced in the deed; or flood aloof in fience, until the fubject is at length brought home to your bofoms, in its true deformity, by the late most unfortunate event.-Moft unfortunate, did I fay? Is not the merciful finger of God difcernable in that very event? A treasure, indeed, is loft ; but the correction-not of the national fentiment, for this is already correct-but of the national apathy, and the confequent abolition of the practice, would almoft reconcile one even to fuch a facrifice.

But why, in the name of confcience, do we talk of fpecial laws for the prevention of duelling ?-Merciful Heaven!--Are there not every where ftanding laws a gain MURDER? Or is it to be underflood that thofe laws provide only againft difhon. arable MURDER; and that where, in con.

rion of purity of character-a fteady hand,
the evidence of an honeft mind-a narrow
elcape, the mark of innocence-but a
bleeding heart, complete demonftration of
guilt and villainy.

God forbid that I fhould trifle with
theme fo full of folemnity and importance.
If an apology be neceflary for having af
fumed in any meafure the appearance of it,
I have only to excufe myfelt by obferving,
that the fubje&t is fo fraught with abfurdi.
ty, that it is difficult to preferve the dig
nity of reafon in difcuffing it, while it is
much too ferious to jahty levity.-It was
with impreflions folemn as the thought of
death that I entered upon it; and with the
reader's permiflion 1 will now recur to
that view of it which thofe impreffions
were calculated to exhibit.

For an individual to affume upon him.. felt the province of preferibing the manner in which that expreffion fhall be efteaed, is, indeed, a bold undertaking: When that individual is a private and cb. fcure one, it may be thought unwarranta. ble prefumption and arrogance. On a fubj Et which did not carry its own credentials in the very face of it, and which were not in its nature lo perfectly independent of argument er elucidation, the writer had hefitated lorger. He requests you to weigh the fubject, regardiefs of him. He is only the humble porter who unlades himfelf of a pondrous burthen at your door.

So far as the fubje&t has been affumed by the worthy General Pinckey, in his letter to the Society of Cincinnati of the flate of New-York, a valuable affurance is afforded to our country of the influence of a very refpe&table body of its citizens in favour of the abolition; and great credit is due to that gentleman for the fug. geftion. He will pardon, however, the intimation of a hope, that on further refle&ion upon the fubje&t, the mere difle of fo vile a practice, by the fociety over which he prefides, how much foever that may contribute to the defined obje&t, will not fatisfy the good fenfe and patriotifm of the fociety; but that they wil be induced to pledge themfelves to each other and to the community, to go all lengths in driving from our free and happy country, that abominable off-pring of gothic barbority, by perfonally interfering in every inflance where it may be neceflary, to caufe the law of the land to be enforced in its juft and exemplary punishment.

Nothing, perhaps, is of more interef ing and vital importance to community, than the fecurity of that fpccies of property which, as a commonwealth, it poflefles in the talents and the fervices of that clafs of citizens, of which General Hamilton was a prominent individual: While the principles of the duellift are fan&tioned, as they have heretofore too long been-whi'e every defperado in community, poffeffing And in this measure it were greatly to be formity to that nondefcript principle of merely the name and exterior of an hon-wifhed the example of that gallant fociety HONOR, the murdered is allowed, by priorable gentleman. is vefted with the auer convention, an opportunity, whether thority which refults from an ufage im.

may be imitated, not only by every affociated and corporate body in the United

Editor's Closet.

DEMOCRATIC CANDIDATE FOR CONGRESS.

DAVIN AUSTIN, who has been insane for a number of years, is announced, in an official list published by the governor of New-Jersey, as a candidate for Congress from that state He has addressed the citizens of New-Jersey on the subject, stating his political and religious sentiments, and applauding, generally, the measures of the present administration. The following singular passage occurs in the address :

States, but by every individual citizen.
Let it be manifefted to the world that we
are not the favages and harbarians that they
would be led to fuppofe us from the con.
tinued prevalence of fo notorious a trait of
those characters; that we do poffels fome
regard for religion, reafon, truth, and juf-
tice. To this end it is most respectfully
recommended that on this interefling oc
cafion, while the public mind retains the
impreffion which it has lately received, fo
favourable to the object, an universal affɔ.
ciation be fet on foot throughout the coun-
try, among all ranks and claffes of citi
zens indifcriminately, in which each and
every of them shall ftand pledged to each
and every other, and to the community at
large, to bear teftimony against, difcour-
age, discountenance, and by all the means
in his power fupprefs the practice of du.
elling; and that in all inftances where
it occurs within the fphere of his immedi-
ate acquaintance, he will ufe all proper
exertions to caufe the parties to be brought
to condign punishment. May it not with.
propriety be made the fubject of a vote in
town or county meetings, and entered up-
on the records of fuch corporations ?-
Whether it be most a subject of pride in
the future, or mortification for the past,
let pofterity be told that whatever may
have been done heretofore, we now RE-
SOLVE not to demand the life of our neigh-
bour for every trifling offence-not to ac-
knowledge as principles of HONOR, a code
of rules which contravene, and fet at de-
fiance the laws of God, and our country
-not to countenance and encourage, by coppered and pierced for 16 guns, and called the
paffing over with impunity, the open and
public murder of our innocent and most
valuable citizens, while we feverely pun-
fh the lefs criminal highwayman. In
fine, that we will not infult our Maker,
difcredits holy religion, difhonor our
country, and difgrace and ruin ourselves,
by harboring longer in our bofoms that
mot deformed and abominable offspring her. The Evening Post says-
of the age of Javage barbarity.

It is relpecifully hoped that the Printers throughout the United States will contribute to the publicity of the foregoing hint, if in their opinion it be calculated to promote the caule of humanity and good order; and if the expediency of fo doing be not fuperceded by the labours of fome abler pen upon the fubje&t, and more deferving of their attention.

October 1st, 1804.

ALFRED.

"PEACE AT HOME." !!

IT is reported that Govenor M.Kean, of Pennsylvania, has ordered out two brigades of Melina to enforce the laws, against Connecticut claimants of land and that the Connecticut claimants were rallying to op pole them.

"Glancing an eye upon the skirts of the "national enclofure, we behold the Lou"ifiana ferpent bought, but not tamed! "Wifdom is needful fo to ally the temper "of this ferpent to the rich abundance of

American pafturage, that it acquire no "anti-republican tendency; and revert "not to the fands or feas of its former "proprietors, clothed with fifteen millions of filver fċales.”

When Louisiana was bought, it was hinted by the federalists, that it might cost something to defend it. This was stoutly denied by the democrats. Now we are told that an elegant schooner, neatly

LOUISIANA, is built for the purpose of being sta-
tioned off the Mississippi. This clearly proves that
it will cost nothing to defend our new territory.

Poor Gun Boat, No. 1, no sooner does she get laid up in dry-dock on White-marsh island, than the whole artillery of federal wit is discharged at

"It is ftated that in the late tremendous "gale at Savannah, Gun Boat No. 1, has "been driven afhore, into a corn-field, "where the now lies high and dry; ready " for action."

The United States Gazette says→→

"Amidit the diftreffing calamities oc"cafioned by the hurricane at the fouthward, we cannot avoid a smile at the fingular fate of Gun- Boat, No. 1, which,

66

In the Bee's account of the sham fight, some material circumstances are entirely omitted-particularly, the wonderful feats, and merry pranks of a certain mountebank, who bears the characteristic name of Captain Stargazer. As nothing gave the crowd more diversion than the antic capers of this merry andrew, the omission of them is extremely reprehensible in the Bee. Did I feel competent, I would supply the deficiency myself; but as it is, they must go untold.

E. W. BULL, one of the democratic candidates for representative in the assembly of Connecticut, from the town of Danbury, has lately brought an action against Mr. O. Steele, one of the printers of the New-England Republican, (a paper of first-rate merit) for lander, damages laid at 3,000 dollars. This Spencerish candidate, it appears, obtained but 3 votes, at four different trials in freeman's meet. ing. He will, therefore, be able to prove, on com ing to trial with Mr. Steele, either that his reputa. tion has been taken from him, or, that he never ba any to lose.

To Correspondents.

We have received from "A Spectator" a humorous and satirical account of the appearance and conduct of Capt. Stargazer, at the late regimental review at Canaan. It is stated that he appeared as a stranger, known and unknown by every body"-that "his dronish disposition led him to reclire against the fences or gingerbread carts ;" and that "walked in review before the regiment." Now, as none of this information would be new to any body acquainted with the captain, we decline publishing the communication.

he
it feems, in the hour of diftrefs betook
"herself to the corn fields for falety.-
"We fhrewdly fu'pest that, in imitation
of her gallant Lord High Admiral, the
was fetting out for Carter's Mountain."

66

The democratic papers assure us that twelve more gur boats are to be built. If this is true, the far mers on the sea coast are cautioned to take care of their corn-fields.

We beg leave to call the attention of our readers and of our fellow editors, to the essay under the sig nature of "ALFRED," in this day's Balance. The remed prescribed by this writer for a most seriots evil, we conceive to be judicious of itself, and by re means difficult to be applied.

Monitorial.

To aid the cause of virtue and religion.

EXTRACT.

FROM THE CONNECTICUT COURANT.

THER

On Thursday, Sept. 6th, 1804, about noon, a note, of which the following is a tranfcript, was left at my office, as my clerk informed me, by a person who lives with Mr. Francis Breuil, Merchant, in Philadelphia:

The Marquis de Cafa Yrujo prefents "his compliments to Major Jackson and "would be very happy to know from him "and where he could have the pleasure to "fee him in the courfe of the day."

66

Thursday 6."

HERE are, in all republics, certain vile and monftrous oppreflors of the people; and against thefe oppreffors the voice of public indignation ought to be raised; and even a revolutionary flruggle to effect their destruction would be laudable. Many are horribly oppreffed with the tyranny of their own vices, which load them with fuch intolerable taxes as to bring them to want and ruin. A fingle vice fometimes lays a ten-fold heavier tax on a man, than all he has to pay for the fupport|munication from Mr. Yrujo-Never hav Never having before received any comof government, for public worship, for fchools, and for the repairing of ftreets, highways, &c. Nay, it fometimes cofts a man more to maintain one vice, than to bring up a family of ten children. The drunkard, for inftance, is moft horribly oppreffed, and is, in fact, treated like a He is taxed not only in Virginia negro.

quantity of cream. If you warm the "milk again after it becomes cool, in aa yearly or quarterly bill, but daily :-ev"bout 24 or 36 hours after you may a ery day a large portion of his time is degain take off the cream, which will then manded; every day a money tax is ex"be much thicker than at any other fea-acted of him: nay, his infolent oppreffor fon of the year.

66

"The long time spent in churning in winter, will not be required, if the cream be raised in, the above method, as generally the batter will be made in 15 or 20 minutes. It is alfo a confid"eration of importance, that by keeping "a fire in your milk room, it prevents it "from freezing.

46

"If you feed your cows with carrots "or pumpkins once in 24 hours, it will "make the butter produced from them look yellow and have all the richness of May butter."

If the only object in making butter, is quantity, the above directions may be well enough; but it quality is the object, they ought by all means to be avoided. Butter made in this manner, has none of that rich, delicious flavour, nor yellow colour, which is fo much admired; but, on the contra. ry, is white, taftclefs and infipid, when fift made, and immediately grows rancid and difagreeable. On being melted, it feparates, and turns half to curd, and the remainder to oil. The writer did well to prefcribe a method of giving the butter richness and colour, after firft giving directions for (poiling it.

BALANCE.

often throws him down in the dirt and
mud, and there fits aftride him. Though
his wife be fick a bed, or his children fam.
ifhing with hunger, the daily tax is de
manded, without any abatement or mercy.
Indeed an hundred inftances might be
mentioned, wherein people are impover
mentioned, wherein people are impover-
ifhed, enflaved and abfolutely ruined by
cruel oppreffors, which are neither more
nor less than their own vices and follies.
Now it frangely happens that the fe op-
preffed people, while they fteadfaftly main-
tain the doctrine of "paffive obedience
and non refiflance" toward their real ty-
heads with law and government, and to
rants, are peculiarly apt to get at logger.
complain of abridgments of their rights.
Would they let the public government a-
lone, and bend all their efforts to effect a
revolution at home, it might be happy for
themselves, happy for their families and
happy for fociety.

Political.

[OMITTED LAST WEEK.]

FROM THE PHILADELPHIA REGISTER.

IN the difcharge of an important, and to my fell an indifpenfible duty, the fub.

clerk, and left at Governor M Kean's. This note was fent by Mr. Johnson, my

Mr. Breuil called on me foon alter, and faid that the Marquis de Cafa Yrujo would be glad to fee me at the Marquis's houle at 5 o'clock.

I asked Mr. Breuil if he knew on what bufinefs Mr. Yrujo wanted to fee me-be faid he did not know,

I went at 5 o'clock to Mr. Yrujo's houfe, and, on entering the room, was accofted by him in nearly the following words:

"You will be furprized, Major Jack"fon, at the liberty I have taken in fend. ing to you, but I truft an explanation of the motive will excufe me, I confider you, Sir, as a gentleman, a man of letters, and a man of honor.

"By a political intolerance you have been forced to adopt a profeflion different from what you have heretofore purfuedbut it is one in which you are qualified to be very useful. I obferve by certain ò. pinions expreffed in your paper, rl at you confider the prefent adminiftration (for I will not call them government) as difio.