Moral Probability of Miracles

Miracles not a violation of the established order of Nature, but
referable to an agency altogether new and peculiar

Grounds on which we estimate the Credibility of Testimony in

regard to unusual or miraculous events

PART III.

OF THE INTELLECTUAL OPERATIONS.

SECTION I.

MEMORY.

Important Application of the Principle of Arbitrary

Association in Commemorative Rites

Of the Culture and Improvement of Attention, Reflection, and

Memory

Conception, or the Memory of Perceptions

Of the Influence of Disease upon Attention and Memory

Of Extensive Cerebral Disease, without Sensible Derangement

of the Mental Functions

Influence of the Facts connected with this subject in

showing the Independent Existence of the Thinking

Principle

Nature and Applications of Imagination

Various kinds of Artificial Combination to which it is applicable 130

Importance of a Proper Application of it in the Formation of

Character

Effects of Fictitious Narrative

Effects of an ill-regulated Imagination

SECTION IV.

REASON OR JUDGMENT.

Analysis of the Mental Process of which Reason consists

Applications of Reason in the Investigations of Science, the

Affairs of Common Life, and the Formation of Opinions

Man's Responsibility for his Belief

Farther Division of the Subject.—Brief Outline of the System of

Dr. Brown

I. OF THE USE OF REASON IN THE INVESTIGATION OF

TRUTH.

Page.

131

134

138

142

144

Of First Truths, or Intuitive Articles of Belief, as the Founda-

tion of all Reasoning

145

1. A Belief in our own Existence, and of Mind as some-

thing distinct from the Body

146

146

3. A Confidence in our Mental Operations

4. A Belief of our Personal Identity

147

147

5. A Conviction that every Event must have a Cause

6. A Confidence in the Uniformity of Nature

Uniformity of Physical Relations

147

148

148

Uniformity of Moral Relations

Application to the Question of Liberty and Ne-

cessity

Of the Nature and Importance of First Truths, and Sophisms

connected with attempts to reason against them

Laws of Investigation in any Department of Knowledge

1. Of collecting Facts

2. Of tracing the Relation of Cause and Effect

3. Of deducing General Principles

Of Fallacies in Investigation

Fallacies in regard to Facts

False Induction

False Reasoning

Of the Nature of Reasoning

Of the Syllogism and its Uses

Of the Cautions in examining a Process of Reasoning or Inves-

tigation.

Page.

173

Distinction between a Process of Reasoning and a Process of In-

§ II.

-OF THE USE OF REASON IN CORRECTING THE IMPRESSIONS OF

THE MIND IN REGARD TO EXTERNAL THINGS.

2. Old Associations excited by Bodily Sensations

3. Old Associations recalled by a Process of the

Mind itself

199

203

4. Mental Emotions imbodied into Dreams

Dreams consist chiefly of Real Objects of Concep-

tion!

207

213

Operations of an Intellectual Character in Dreams

214

II. SOMNAMBULISM

218

Various degrees of this Affection.

Remarkable Condition, commonly called Double Con-

sciousness

III. INSANITY

Peculiar Condition of the Mind constituting Insanity

Various Modifications of it, from Eccentricity to Ma-

nia

221

225

226

227

Great Activity of the Mental Powers in many Cases

Remarkable Loss of Recent Impressions, and sudden

Revival of them on Recovery

229

230

Hallucination confined to a single Point

232

Probable Origin of the Peculiar Hallucinations in dif-

ferent cases of Insanity

233

Origin and Causes of Insanity

Cautions in deciding on slight or suspected Case.

Liability of the Insane to Punishment

241

242

Moral Treatment of Insanity

Of Idiocy-Difference between it and Insanity

Cretinism

IV. SPECTRAL ILLUSIONS.

Various Forms and Sources of them.

244

248

250

254

PART IV.

VIEW OF THE QUALITIES AND ACQUIREMENTS

WHICH CONSTITUTE A WELL REGULATED

MIND.

INTRODUCTION.

METHOD OF USING THE BOOK.

TO BE CAREFULLY STUDIED BY THE PUPILS AS THEIR FIRST LESSON:

THE design of the study of Intellectual Philosophy is not merely, as in the case of most other studies, the acquisition of knowledge. Something far more important, and far more difficult to attain, is in view. In the study of Chemistry, History, Geography, and other similar sciences, the main object is to obtain information to become acquainted with facts. But although the science of Mind does indeed present to view a most valuable and interesting class of facts, it is not merely with reference to these that the study is pursued. This science aims at a higher object. It is intended to introduce the pupil to a new range of thought, and to bring out into action, and consequently into more full development, a new class of faculties. It is its aim to exercise and strengthen the thinking and reasoning powers, to enable the mind to grasp abstruse and perplexing subjects,—to think clearly and to reason correctly, in regard to truths that lie in those depths which the senses cannot explore.

Design of the study, what? Compared with other studies. What is its chief aim &