The Universal Structure of Categories: Towards a Formal TypologyCambridge University Press, 2014/07/24 - 356 ページ Using data from a variety of languages such as Blackfoot, Halkomelem, and Upper Austrian German, this book explores a range of grammatical categories and constructions, including tense, aspect, subjunctive, case and demonstratives. It presents a new theory of grammatical categories - the Universal Spine Hypothesis - and reinforces generative notions of Universal Grammar while accommodating insights from linguistic typology. In essence, this new theory shows that language-specific categories are built from a small set of universal categories and language-specific units of language. Throughout the book the Universal Spine Hypothesis is compared to two alternative theories - the Universal Base Hypothesis and the No Base Hypothesis. This valuable addition to the field will be welcomed by graduate students and researchers in linguistics. |
目次
The universal structure of categories | 1 |
1 Multifunctionality as homophony page | 4 |
4 Direct mapping between a UoL and interpretation | 10 |
5 κ mediates the relation between a UoL and | 27 |
7 Universal categories as prototypes | 34 |
A history of ideas behind the spine | 39 |
1 The base and the transformational component | 80 |
The universal spine as a heuristic for the identification | 84 |
1 Blackfoot clausetypes | 175 |
Nominal anchoring categories | 188 |
Categories that introduce a point of view | 249 |
1 Blackfoot verbal template | 261 |
2 Blackfoot verbal template | 285 |
Towards a formal typology | 299 |
1 The universal structure of categories and their | 310 |
4 κ mediates between UoL and its interpretation | 324 |
Anchoring categories in independent clauses | 98 |
1 Blackfoot verbal template | 119 |
3 Halkomelem clausetypes | 128 |
Anchoring categories in dependent clauses | 145 |
| 327 | |
| 352 | |
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多く使われている語句
2nd person 3rd person abstract argument Àcoin analysis analyzed anaphoric anchoring category assumption Austrian German subjunctive auxiliary Base Hypothesis Blackfoot c-command c:tense categorial identity Chapter classification clause-types contrast Cypriot Greek defined deictic demonstratives derived direct/inverse marking distribution domain embedded English example fact formal properties formal typology functional categories given UoL grammatical categories grammatical relations Halkomelem identify independent clauses Indo-European languages INFL inflectional instantiations interpretation introduced irrealis language-specific categories lexical lexical categories linear order linguistic linguistic typology m-valuation marker matrix morphemes morpho-syntactic morphological multifunctionality nominal nouns particular past marking patterns of multifunctionality perfective aspect plural polysynthetic languages position predicate realized reference Ritter and Wiltschko roles Section semantic Squamish structure sub-event subjunctive marking substantive content suffix syncretism syntactic Table temporal tense marking thematic roles ucoin universal categories unmarked Upper Austrian German utterance valuation typology verb verbal viewpoint aspect Wiltschko forthcoming Yoshi κ κ