AUTHOR OF “OUTLINES OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY," AND

"TEXT BOOK OF ELEMENTARY CHEMISTRY.”

LONDON:
T. J. ALLMAN, 42, HOLBORN HILL.

1861.

007

CONTENTS

PART I.

ORTHOGRAPHY.

PAGE

§ 1. Words similar in sound, or differing only by the

aspiration of the letter H, with which they

begin . . . . . . . . 1

§ 2. Words analogous in sound, but differing in the

mode of indicating the long vowel-sound com-

mon to each group. i . . . . 15

§ 3. Words similarly pronounced, with a short vowel

sound . . . . . . . ..

§ 4. Words pronounced alike, the letters c, g, gh, or

k, not being sounded . . . . .

§ 5. Words pronounced alike, the initial w in the

first of each pair being unsounded . . . 79

$ 6. Words nearly alike in sound, differing by the

aspiration of the w in the first of each group

or pair . . . . . . . . 83

§ 7. Words pronounced very nearly, if not exactly

alike, but spelled, some with c, others with s. 86

$ 8. Words pronounced very nearly alike, but spelled

differently, the final syllable ending with the

sound of the letter 1 . . . . 91

§ 9. Words pronounced alike, but spelled differently,

the final syllable ending with an r sound . . 94

§ 10. Words sometimes confounded with each other

through the elision or mispronunciation of one

of the syllables . . . . . 96

§ 11. Words spelled more or less nearly alike, having

some the sound of s, and others of z . . 108

§ 12. Words pronounced nearly alike, the first of each

pair having ts . . . . . . 111

§ 13. Words containing for the most part the long

sound of e, but some with final e, others with

the diphthongs, ea, ee, ei or ie . . . 113

§ 14. Words containing gh unsounded . . . 128

§ 15. Words containing gh sounded like f . .. . 131

PART II.

DERIVATION.

Primitive, Compound, and Derivative Words

defined . . . . . . . . . 133

COMPOUND WORDS.

§ 1. Compound Nouns . . . . . . 134

§ 2.

Adjectives . . . . . . 135

§ 3. 2 Verbs . . . . . . 16.

§ 4. » Adverbs . . . . . 136

§ 5.

Prepositions . . . . . ib.

DERIVATIVE WORDS. -

I. Inflexional Forms.

$ 1. Plurais of Nouns. . . . . . . 137

§ 2. Possessive Case of Nouns . . . . 138

$ 3. Comparison of Adjectives . . . . . 139

§ 4. Verbs and Participles . . . . .

II. Prefixes and Affixes.

$ 1. English Prefixes . . . . . .

$ 2. Latin . . . . . . .

. 142

§ 3. Greek . . . . . . . 144

§ 4. Derivative Nouns . . . . . . 145

§ 5.

Adjectives . .

. . 150

§ 6.

Verbs . . . . . . 153

§ 7. „ Adverbs . . . . . . 156

§ 8. , Prepositions . . . . . ib.

$ 9. Words formed by a modification of the Vowel.

sound or final Consonant . . . . . 157

GENERAL RULES FOR ORTIOGRAPHY.

I. Words ending in Consonants . . . . . 158

II. Words ending in Vowels. . . . . . 160

EXAMPLES OF DERIVATION. .

1. From Saxon Roots . . . . .

2. „ Latin . . . . . . 163

3. „ Greek . . . . . . . . 164

VOCABULARY of Latin Roots. . . . . . 165

Greek » •.. • • . . 169

„ French , . . . . .

162

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