Artillery Through the Ages: A Short Illustrated History of Cannon, Emphasizing Types Used in AmericaDIANE Publishing, 1994 - 92 ページ A description of types of artillery used in warfare throughout history, including the ancient engines of war; gunpowder introduced to Europe; the bombards; 16th century cannon; the 17th century and Gustavus Adolphus; the 18th century; U.S. guns of the early 1800s; rifling; the Civil War; and the change to modern artillery. Also includes the characteristics of cannon; projectiles; tools; the practice of gunnery; glossary; and selected bibliography. Many of the types of cannon described in this book may be seen in areas of the National Park system; some parks with especially fine collections are listed. Illustrated with detailed drawings. |
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9-pounder ammunition armament artillerist barrel base ring batteries Benjamin Robins black powder bombardment bombs bore walls breech British bronze burn caliber calibers long cannonballs cañon cartridge cast cast-iron Castillo de San chamber cheeks Collado Columbiad culverin Demicannon demiculverin diameter early eighteenth century elevation enemy English explosive falconet field artillery field guns FIGURE fired Fort Pulaski Fort Sumter fortification French fuze fuze hole garrison guns grape grooves gunner handspike heavy howitzer ignite inches infantry iron ball iron guns ladle lanyard length light guns loading metal Mons Meg mortar mounted muzzle muzzle-loading naval ordnance parapet Parrott Parrott rifles pasavolante pedrero petard piece pounder pounds powder charge primer projectile rammer range reinforced cannon rifles rocket Rodman round shot sabot saker San Marcos screw seacoast shell ship siege carriage siege guns smoothbore Spanish sponge stone target thick trail trajectory trunnion tube United velocity vent weapon weight wheels wooden yards
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6 ページ - Ammunition — mainly cast-iron round shot, the bomb (an iron shell filled with gunpowder), canister (a can filled with small projectiles), and grape shot (a cluster of iron balls) — was carried the primitive way, in wheelbarrows and carts or on a man's back. The gunner's pace was the measure of field artillery's speed: the gunner walked beside his gun! Furthermore, some of these experts were getting along in years. During Elizabeth's reign several of the gunners at the Tower of London were over...
6 ページ - Spanish Square of heavily armed pikemen and musketeers began to dominate the battlefield. In the face of musketry, field artillery declined. Although artillery had achieved some mobility, carriages were still cumbrous. To move a heavy English cannon, even over good ground, it took 23 horses; a culverin needed nine beasts. Ammunition — mainly cast-iron round shot, the bomb (an iron shell filled with gunpowder), canister (a can filled with small projectiles), and grape shot (a cluster of iron balls)—...
65 ページ - ... the early days it was commonly pronounced "bum." The modern equivalent of the "bum" is an HE shell. The first recorded use of explosive shells was by the Venetians in 1376. Their bombs were hemispheres of stone or bronze, joined together with hoops and exploded by means of a primitive powder fuze. Shells filled with explosive or incendiary mixtures were standard for mortars, after 1550, but they did not come into general use for flat-trajectory weapons until early in the nineteenth century, whereafter...
1 ページ - In the middle of the ropes 2 rises a wooden arm like a chariot pole . . . to the top of the arm hangs a sling . . . when battle is commenced a round stone is set in the sling . . . four soldiers on each side of the engine wind the arm down till it is almost level with the ground . . . when the arm is' set free it springs up and hurls forth from its sling the stone, which is certain to crush whatever it strikes. This engine was formerly called the
80 ページ - ... soldiers, gun drills took on a more military aspect, as these seventeenth century commands show: 1. Put back your piece. 2. Order your piece to load. 3. Search your piece. 4. Sponge your piece. 5. Fill your ladle. 6. Put in your powder. 7. Empty your ladle. 8. Put up your powder. 9. Thrust home your wad. 10. Regard your shot. 11. Put home your shot gently. 12. Thrust home your wad with three strokes. 13. Gauge your piece. Gunners had no trouble finding work, as is singularly illustrated by the...
8 ページ - Revolution there was a dispute about whether a general officer whose service had been in the Royal Artillery was entitled to command troops of all arms.
2 ページ - ... the Romans appeared before Syracuse its citizens were filled with terror, for they imagined they could not possibly defend themselves against so numerous and fierce an enemy. But, Plutarch tells us, ' Archimedes soon began to play his engines upon the Romans and their ships, and shot against them stones of such an enormous size and with so incredible a noise and velocity that nothing could stand before them. The stones overturned and crushed whatever came in their way and spread terrible disorder...
19 ページ - It was in siege operations that the rifles forced a new era. As the smoke cleared after the historic bombardment of Fort Sumter in 1861, military men were already speculating on the possibilities of the newfangled weapon.
14 ページ - Probably, rifling evolved from the early observation of the feathers on an arrow— and from the practical results of cutting channels in a musket, originally to reduce fouling, then because it was found to improve accuracy of the shot.
80 ページ - I mentioned on p. 53. 1 . Put back your Peece 2. Order your Peece to load 3. Search your Peece 4. Sponge your Peece 5. Fill your ladle 6. Put in your Powder 7. Empty your ladle 8. Put up your Powder 9.