The LONDON MAGAZINE: חון Ur, GENTLEMAN's Monthly Intelligencer. For MAY, 1763. To be Continued. (Price Six Pence each Monta) Containing, (Greater Variety, and more in Quantity, than any Monthly Book of the fame Price.) 1. An Abitract of Lord Bolingbroke's Letter to Sir William Windham. II. Account of Mr. Foote's new Comedy, V. A Computation of the Number of In- VIII. An ingenious Letter from The XI. A Mayor of Norwich's Expences for a publick Dinner, with a remarkable Speech on the Occasion. XII. Translation of Lord Stair's Letter to Mr. Craggs, concerning the late Lord Bolingbroke. XIII. Account of the Drefden China. XIV. Extracts from Mr. Whiteheld's Let ter, concerning the Moravians. XV. A prodigious Feaft by an Abp. of York. XVI. Of the Volga and Cafpian Pirates, with the terrible Manner of their Execution. XVII. Ridiculous French Fashions. XVIII. Philofophical Account of a Spring. XIX. A new Kind of Reverberatory Fur nace. XX. Acts paffed. XXI. POETRY: On the King's Senior Chaplain being unprovided for; to Mifs L-, on her Birth-Day; Love, an Ode; wrote extempore on a young Gentleman's going to vifit Herculaneum; a View of Life; Odes of Horace imitated; Friendship interrupted and restored; a new Song fet to Mufick, &c. &c. XXII. The MONTHLY CHRONOLOGER: Seffions at the Old Bailey; Dr. Cameron condemned; Squires pardoned; Malefactors executed, &c. &c. &c. XXIII. Promotions; Marriages and Births; XXIV. Prices of Stocks for each Day. With a New and Accurate MAP of WORCESTERSHIRE, and a Representation of cruel Executions in Ruffia and Perfia, engraved on Copper. MULTUM IN PARVO. LONDON: Printed for R. BALDWIN, jun. at the Rofe in Pater-Nofter-Row. Of whom may be had, compleat Sets from the Beginning to this Time, neatly Bound, or Stitch'd, or any fingle Month to compleat Sets. UTHENTICK hiftory of Kouli Mr. Hanway's account of the Volga and A Khan, the fainous Perfian ufurper 203-206 206 The mayor of Norwich's expences for a His account of the Tory and Whig parties 210 Of the state of affairs about the time of 217 218 Abfurdity of having a popish prince to 221 Ridiculous French fashions 239 A curious account of the Drefden china ib. Cafpian pirates 232 Terrible manner of executing them 233 ibid.. POETRY. A new fong fet to mufick 235 A new minuet On the king's fenior chaplain To Mifs L-, on her birth-day, ibid. 236 being un ibid. April 25, 237 Lines wrote extempore by a gentleman to his friend, on hearing he had left England, with a defign to vifit the city of Herculaneum Love, an ode A view of life 238 ibid. 239 -ibid. An ode of Horace imitated Mr. H. Song, by the fame ibid 240 ibid. The MONTHLY CHRONOLOGER 241 Affair of Canning A poifoner committed A court martial Acts paffed Exprefs from Nova Scotia Dr. Cameron receives fentence ibid. ibid. 241, 242 242 for high ibid. ibid. Petition against the Jews bill Prices of stocks and grain; wind, wea ther Monthly bill of mortality 248 ibid. The furveying questions shall be in our next. The letter figned Candidus is long, but we hope then to give it also a place; as alfo to the letter concerning plaifter of Paris, the remarks ps two plays, and Mr. Feacocke's letter concerning Mr. Whifton, &c. &c. THE LONDON MAGAZINE. MAY, 1753. The DEBATES in the POLITICAL CLUB will be continued in our next. Authentick Hiftory of NADIR KOULI, or KOULI KHAN, the famous Perfian Ufurper. Continued from p. 175. N pro mage, foon after their coronation, to that tomb; a custom which had been politically introduced by Shah Abas the great, to put an end to the expenfive pilgrimages formerly made by the Perfians to Mecca or Medina in the Turkish dominions. The Shah was fo grateful to his general, that he here conferred upon him his own name, one of the greatest honours a Perfian monarch can beftow, fo that from henceforth Nadir Kouli began to be called Tahmas Kouli Khan, and the general foon added to his former merit by reducing the whole province of Khorafan, and alfo the province of Herat, under the obedience of their lawful fovereign; after which he continued increafing his army and difciplining his foldiers till after the middle of the year 1729, when he heard that Afhreff, the Afghan monarch of Perfia, was marched from Isfahan with a great army, in order to come and attack ADIR having by his laft expedition raised his character as a general, and A having got about 5000 men under his command, he began to extend his views,and for this purpofe he applied and offered his fervice to the diftreffed Shah Tahmas, then in Mazanderan under the tection of Fatey Ali Khan, who during B the troubles had got himself made chief or governor of that province, the inhabitants of which are called Khajars. This offer the Shah, by the advice and at the recommendation of Fatey Ali Khan, gladly accepted. Accordingly Nadir, in 1727, joined his forces to thofe under Fatey, to whom he feemed for fome time perfectly Chim in Khorafan. fubmiffive; but as foon as he had got the ear of the Shah, he confpired against Fatey, accufed him of treachery, and with the leave of the Shah, got him murdered, by which he became the Shah's fole and chief general, and thereby got a body of about 8000 men under his command. With this force the Shah, who had no-D minally the chief command, marched to Nithabur in Khorafan, which he entered, May 15, 1728; and Nadir's reputation for conduct and courage being high in thofe parts, the army was foon increased to 18,000 men, which was a force fuperior to the Abdolles, who were then in poffeffion of Mefched; therefore, as they could expect no immediate affiftance from their allies the Afghans, they retired, and the Shah with his general entered that famous city without oppofition, which was a good omen, as the tomb of Imam Riza, the chief Perfian faint, is in that city, and it had been long a custom for the Perfian monarchs to make a pilgri May, 1753. E As Nadir, now Tahmas Kouli Khan, knew that the Afghan army would be much fatigued by fuch a long march, he was not forry to hear this news, but he refolved to prevent their entering Khorafan; therefore he collected his troops, and by fhort journeys marched to the plains of Damgoon, upon the very border of Khorafan, having the Shah along with him to encourage his foldiers. This fituation, like a moft expert general, he prudently chofe, because he had a fine champaign country in front and a ridge of almoft inacceffible mountains in the rear, fo that if he was defeated he had he had an open country for the pursuit. a fafe retreat, and if he got the victory As the Afghans had been long accuftomed to drive the Perfians Before them, and had likewife a fuperiority in numbers, their army being above 50,000, and the Perfians not above 25,000, they marched boldly on, and as foon as they came up, being October 2, they attacked С6 2 with with their ufual impetuofity and fhouting; but Kouli Khan had accustomed his foldiers to keep clofe order, and to defpife their noife: They stood the attack with fuch firmnefs, that the enemy could no where break in, and then attacking in their turn, before the enemy could recover any order, they obtained a compleat victory; after which they killed great numbers of the enemy in the purfuit, and made themselve masters of all their artillery, tents and baggage. A Afhreff, with the shattered remains of his army, fled first to Tahiran, and from thence without stopping to Isfahan, where he recruited his army as much as poffible, and encamped at a place called Mourt- B chakhor, about 25 miles east of that city, in an advantageous fituation, which he began immediately to fortify, not doubting his being foon followed and attacked by the victorious Persian army. Nadir being willing to have all the glory as well as all the merit of his future victories, prevailed on the weak Shah Tahmas to remain at Tahiran, whilft he marched towards the enemy, and he had the fatisfaction to find his army increase daily, as the Perfians flocked from all quarters to his ftandard. Nov. 13, he attacked the Afghans in their camp at Mourtchakhor, and obtained another compleat victory, Afhreff, and fuch of his troops as could make their efcape, having fied to Isfahan. D Nadir, for what reafon is not known, remained two days upon the field of battle, which gave the Afghans time to march off from Isfahan, and not only to carry off every thing that was valuable from that city, but to put an end to the life of the unfortunate Shah Huffein, and all the male offspring of the royal family, which was perhaps what Nadir defigned they fhould do, and therefore gave them time to do it. Nov. 16, he entered the city of Isfahan without the leaft oppofition; and, December 9, the Shah Tahmas arrived from Tæhiran, and was received with the utmost respect by his general, and the univerfal acclamations of his people; but the general would not march against the Afghans, who had halted at and taken poffeffion of Schirafs, unless the Shah would grant him an abfolute and unlimited power to levy money, which he at laft obtained, and on Jan. 15, he gave the Afghans another total defeat near Shirafs, after which they were forced to divide into fmall parties, in order to get back to their own country, called Kandahar, but were almost all cut off together with their Shah Afhreff, in their retreat through the fandy deferts of Segeftan. E F Thus Nadir returned triumphant to Isfahan, but without ftopping any time there, for he foon marched, and after defeating the Turks near Hamadan, recovered that city and Kermanshah from them, as he foon after did both Tauris and Ardeville. Upon this the Turks fued for a truce, which he the more readilyconfented to, as he heard that a new rebellion was broke out in Herat, which obliged him to march thither with a confiderable part of his army, towards the end of the year 1730. The truce being ended, and the war renewed with the Turks, whilft Nadir was employed against the rebels in Herat and Khorafan, the Shah Tahmas marched against the Turks, but he was twice defeated by them in 1731, and they recovered Hamadan and all they had loft the preceding year, fo that Tahmas found it neceffary to conclude a peace with them, which he did in the beginning of 1732, by yielding to them his right to Armenia, Erivan, and Georgia; and as Nadir had by this time defeated the rebels, and again reduced all the places both in Herat and Khorafan, the Shah wrote to him to difband his army and return to court; but Nadir having now very much increafed his army by engaging great numbers of Abdolles, Oufbegs and other independent Tartars,' inftead of obeying his fovereign's orders,' he exclaimed against the peace that had been made, and finding all his chief officers of his opinion, and ready to obey his commands even against their fovereign, rather than to allow themfelves to be dif.. banded, instead of difbanding his army, which was now near 70,000, he marched with it to Isfahan, feized the Shah Tahmas, fent him prifoner to a fortress in Khorafan, and in an affembly of the chief men of Perfia got him depofed, and his fon Abas Myrza, an infant of fix months old, proclaimed Shah by the name of Shah Abas III. in whofe name Nadir af fumed to himself the fovereign power, and prefently iffued a manifefto disclaim ing the late peace with the Turks. In confequence of this manifefto Nadir marched, in Feb. 1733, and reduced Kormanfha, which by the late peace had been left in the poffeffion of the Turks, and from thence he marched with his army of above 80,000 men towards Bagdat, forced the feveral paffes upon the Turkish frontier, and arrived, April 10, near the walls of that city, which he invested, and intended to have reduced it by famine. This he had very near effected; but the Turkish army under Topal Ofman at laft approached, and a most furious battle enfued 1753. Authentick Hiftory of KOULI KHAN. 205 enfued near Kerkoud in Kourdistan, July 19, which lafted eight hours with doubtful fuccefs; but at laft the Perfians were totally routed with the lofs of 30,000 men killed, and 3000 taken prifoners; and that part of the army which had been left to continue the blockade of Bagdat, was likewife, attacked and defeated by the A garifon, as foon as they were informed of the fate of the battle; but as the Perfians, encouraged by their general who had two horfes killed under him during the battle, had fought most desperately, the lofs of the Turks was very near equal to that of the Perfians, fo that they could make no use of their victory, as their indolent court neglected to fend the reinforcements follicited by Topal Ofman. B On the other hand, Nadir retreated no farther than Hamadan, where his conduct was very remarkable, for instead of finding fault with his troops, he extolled their courage, and imputed their defeat to fome overfights in his own conduct, and chiefly to their being C betrayed by a body of 3000 Arabs they had in their army, who being bribed by the Turks had deferted their pofts, and exposed them to the disadvantage of being attacked in flank by the enemy. This prevented his foldiers from being difheartened by their defeat, and he recruited his army with fuch diligence, that foon after the beginning of October it was near as numerous as before; but to amufe the Turks, he had by letter told Achmed Basha, governor of Bagdat, that as he refolved to make war like a generous enemy, he defired him to be prepared, for that early next year he would be at Bagdat with a more numerous army than the former. D there was a smart fkirmish between de- After this victory Nadir intended to have befieged Bagdat, and as he was now mafter of the Turkish artillery, he might perhaps have reduced it; but he was diverted by the news of a rebellion in Farfistan, where a great army had been gathered together, who declared for reftoring the Shah Tahmas; upon which he marched with 30,000 of his best horse, and arrived at Shirafs, when the rebels had hardly received the news of his leaving Turkey. He immediately attacked and defeated their army, and by this he foon put an end to the rebellion, but it fufpended his defigns against the Turks for the reft of this year. During the winter Nadir had greatly encreafed his army, with which he marched northward, and during the folElowing fummer he recovered almost all that the Turks had lately taken from the Perfians, to wit Tauris, Ganja, Teffis, Shamakie, &c. the former not having an army to oppofe him any where in the field; and in the beginning of the year 1735, he fent an ambassador to Ruffia with high compliments, but at the fame time to demand reftitution of what the Czar Peter had taken from the Perfians on the Cafpian fea, which was accordingly restored, as the Ruffians did not think the country worth keeping, and the boundaries between the two empires were fettled by commiffaries. He then returned towards Erivan, where the Turks had now got an army affembled of 80,000 men, and the Nadir's army did not, by reason of many detachments, exceed 55,000, yet by a ftratagem he drew the Turks into an ambufcade, by which their army was defeated and their general killed, with the lofs of 20,000 men This, however, neither deceived Achmed nor Topal Ofman, for the former immediately ftored his city with a great quantity of fresh provifions, and the latter fent repeated couriers to Constantinople for a reinforcement of troops and a fupply of ammunition; but he had got neither, when he heard that Nadir had forced the pafs of Takajak, which was the entrance into Turkey from Hamadan, and was advancing with his army, upon which he re-enforced his army with the neighbouring garifons, and fuch recruits as he could find in the country, and by this means got together near 100,000 men; but many of the troops were not fuch as could be depended on, therefore G he chofe an advantageous fituation, and entrenched his army in the plains of Aronia near Mendeli. Nadir, though his army was not fo numerous, advanced boldly, and Oct. 22, killed, |