1753. The boneft Countryman's COMPLAINT, &c. between you and me, it is no crime to break it. Promife me, that before you Jay the hands of death upon the poor innocent, you will drefs it, kifs its little lips, and once give it fuck." The promile was made, and the unhappy fair one went her way. 31 ooff th' countree, fhall breake down my fences, tread my coorn under foote, and threaten maw in to'th' bargin, if I dar but oppen my mouth. We reed i'th fkripture, that the beefts of the feeld, and the fowls of the yair, wore meade for the yeufe of man, but not for the yeufe of gentilmen. I have read aw the acks oore and oore, and odfheart, 1 conno find one word of the bi-bill in 'um, If they wowd maack a law 'gainst pochin, let 'um begin with th' parfon, o'th' parrish, for he's the greatest i'th' hole countree; but, how'd theer, if they fhow'd infringe his pre-rogue-alive, as like as not, he maack a bilthy bustle Babaut it, cry out the church was in denger, as he do's for the lofs of a toithpig, and fo draw the whole countree to our fcide, and prevent monny a poor fellho from going to the Wafh-Hinges. All people were amazed; the family A was diftreffed; the lover diftracted. A few weeks called him away on private affairs to Britain. It was many months before the difconfolate Mira heard from her friend: At length a fhort letter, barren of circumftance, invited her to Harlem. She knew the hand of her Constantia, but the trembled at the filence to all incidents. She went in private: She ftopped half dead with agony at the little cottage: Her pale friend opened the hofpitable door to her with one hand, and in the other held the fmiling pledge of her unviolated promife: "I have obeyed you, Mira, faid he, fimiling in all her weaknefs, I have obeyed the terms which you impofed; and nature has done all the C reft." Far from difcovery, there was not fufpicion. All was fecret that had happened. Conftantia was received with rapture by So, having made my kafe knoown to ye, I arreft myfell, Sur, Your very umbell farvant. The Life of the Moft Reverend Dr. JOHN R. John Tillotson, archbishop of her family; but that was little: Lyfander D Canterbury, was lineally defcended was returned, poffeffed of an ample fortune. He married the refcued object of his true paffion; he brought her to his country, in which the lived and died, an honour to an honourable family. The COUNTRYMAN'S COMPLAINT against the GAME-ACT. SUR, AM a pleain countree fellho, and D from a younger branch of the ancient family of Tilfton, of Tilfton in Cheshire, the Doctor's great grandfather having been the first who changed his name to Tillotson, and was fucceeded by his fon George, whofe fon and heir was Robert the father of the archbishop. This Robert was a confiderable clothier, and lived at a house called Haugh End in Sowerby, in the parifh Yorkshire, where Ithof Play't that now not faay, E eldeft fon John was born, the latter end F an honeft won. I love my countree, of September or the beginning of October 1630, having been baptized the 3d of October that year, as appears by the regifter of that parish, tho' his father was a zealous Calvinist, or Puritan, as they were then called, and by fome faid to have been an Anabaptift, which afterwards gave ground for the calumny, that his fon John was never baptized. Tho' Robert had but a small eftate, yet he gave this his eldeft fon John a liberal education, and in 1647, got him admitted penfioner of Clare-hall in the university of Cambridge, under the tutorship of Mr. David Clarkfon, who was afterwards a famous diffenting teacher. In 1651, Mr. Clarkson having got a living, his pupil Mr. John Tillotson fucceeded him in his fellowship, being then bachelor of arts, and in 1654 he commenced master of arts. In 1656, or the beginning of 1657, he came to London, and was made precep ter tor to the eldest fon of Edmund Prideaux of Ford-Abbey in Devonshire, Efq; then attorney general to Oliver Cromwell, which fon was afterwards made famous by the perfecution he met with after Monmouth's rebellion. was Thus it appears that Mr. Tillotson, during the first part of his life, was bred up A amongst the diffenters, and among them he firft began to preach; for the first of his fermons that appeared in print, preached at the morning exercife at Cripplegate, and with feveral other fermons preached there, published in 1661; but having left his fellowship at the restoration, the fame having been restored to Dr. Gunning, who had been expelled by the rump parliament, he about this time took orders from Dr. Sydferf, who had been bishop of Galloway in Scotland, and being then at London, ordained all thofe of the English clergy that came to him, without demanding of them either oaths or fubfcriptions. B From this time Mr. Tillotfon dedicated C himself to the church, and became curate at Chefhunt in Hertfordshire; foon after which, viz. in June 1663, he was prefented to the rectory of Keddington in Suffolk, worth 200l. a year, on which he gave up his curacy; but in this living he continued a very fhort while, for Nov. 26. following, he was chofen preacher of Lincoln's Inn, whereupon he refigned his rectorship, tho' he might very well have held both, together with the lectureship at St. Lawrence Jewry, where he preached only on Tuefday, and to which he was elected by the truftees the year following. bury, which he held until he was advanced to the deanery of that church in October 1672, by king Charles II. with whom he was, it feems, a great favourite, tho' bishop Burnet has afferted the contrary; and it is probable that about this time he was made one of the king's chaplains. In 1674, the dean was again concerned, with feveral eminent divines, in forming a new fcheme for the comprehenfion of all proteftants, which proved fatisfactory to many of the diffenters, but the majority of the bishops refufing to agree to many particulars in it, this fcheme likewife proved abortive. Dec. 18, 1675, he was prefented to the prebend of Ealdland, in the cathedral of St. Paul's, which on Feb. 14, 1677-8, he refigned for that of Oxgate, and a refidentiarithip in the fame church. In 1680, the dean, by a fermon he preached, drew upon himfelf a storm both from churchmen and diffenters; for being accidentally called upon to preach before the king at Whitehall, April 2, in his fermon, which was upon Joth. xxiv. 15, and was printed by the king's order, he affirmed that no pretence of confcience can warrant a man to affront the established religion of a nation, though it be falfe, and openly to draw .men off from the profeffion of it, in contempt of the magiftrate and the law ; Dunlefs fuch man be extraordinarily com miffioned by God Almighty, and can juftify that commiffion by miracles. This doctrine, which even the dean himself feemed afterwards to retract, gave of courfe offence to all the diffenters, and the churchmen faid, it condemned not only the reformers, but meft of the planters of chriftianity after the apoftles. But if the dean had confined his do@rire to an established church which required no active obedience, under the pain of being deprived of many of the advantages of fociety, he might eafily have juftified it, as it would neither have condemned the first reformers, nor the first planters of chriftianity after the apoftles; but then this would have been This lectureship brought on an intimacy between him and Dr. Wilkins, after- E wards bishop of Chofter, who was at that time rector of St. Lawrence Jewry; and by this means he came acquainted with Mifs Elizabeth French, Dr. Wilkins's daughter-in-law, and neice to Oliver Cromwell; for the doctor had married her mother, Mis. French, Oliver's fifter, after the death of her first husband, Dr. French, canon of Chrift-church in Oxford; and this young lady Mr. Tilletfon married fome time after their first acquain tance. F In 1666 Mr. Tillotson took the degree of doctor in divinity; and in the beginning of 1668, he was one of the principal perfons concerned in the fcheme for a comprehenfion of all proteftants, which G can never take effect whilft creeds and confeffions of faith are made a part of the eftablishment. March 14, 1669-70, the Doctor was admitted to the preberd of the fecond stall in the cathedral of Canter, an excufe for thofe who diffented from even our own eftablished church, which in many cafes requires active obedience under heavy deprivations at least, if not punishments. In 1683, another affair happened that brought great cenfure upon the dean, which was thus: When the lord Ruffel was condemned for high treafon, he fent for the dean and Dr. Gilbert Burnet, afterwards bishop of Salisbury, to attend him, as clergymen, in prifon, which they accordingly did; and, as it was infinuated 1753 LIFE of Archbishop TILLOTSON. Infinuated, that his lordship, might be pardoned if he would acknowledge the doctrine of non-resistance in its full extent, and declare that, in his opinion, nothing could justify a rebellion or confpiracy against the government, both thefe divines endeavoured to perfuade 33 the dean was one, to prepare matters to be confidered by the convocation. Accordingly the convocation met on the faid day, and the dean was proposed by the moderate party, to be chofen prolocutor of the lower houfe; but the high church party, who had now transferred him to do fo, and the former went fo A their fears from Popery to Prefbytery, far as to write him a letter upon the fubje&t, in which he endeavoured to prove both from reafon, fcripture, and law, that refiftance is not lawful, even tho' our religion and rights should be invaded. As that noble lord, notwithftanding the temptation of his two fpiritual guides, bravely difdained to purchafe his life by a profeffion which would B have been of fuch dangerous confequence to the liberties of his country, and as the government had got poffeffion of this letter, they, without the dean's confent, published it by way of answer to the noble lord's fpeech to the theriff's at his execution; and this expofed the dean to much contumely from one party at that time, and from another party afterwards; but it probably prevented his being obliged to fly beyond fea, as Dr. Burnet foon after was obliged to do, for his fafety. But if these were fincerely the dean's fentiments at that time, the violence and madness of the next reign made having a great majority in this atïembly, Dr. Jane was propofed by them, and chofen by two to one, which put an end to whatever had been agreed on by the commiffioners, as they thought it needlefs to lay any moderating regulations before fuch an immoderate affembly; nor have we now any authentick account of the proceedings of this commition; but in the dean's common-place book, there is a copy of 8 conceflions, which he thought would probably be made by the church of England for the union of Proteftants, and which, he there fays, he had fent to the earl of Portland the faid 13th of September; the chief of which is, that inCftead of all former declarations and fubfcriptions to be made by minifters, they fhould only fubfcribe one general declaration, and promife as follows: That we do fubmit to the doctrine, difcipline, and worship of the church of England, as it fhall be established by law, and promife to teach and practife accordingly. Notwithstanding the dean's appearing him change them; for he was one of Dto be no favourite with the clergy, yet the the first to approve not only of the revolution, but of the fettlement of king William and queen Mary upon the throne; and, March 27, 1689, he was appointed clerk of the closet to the king. As feveral bishopricks became vacant by the incumbents refufing to take the oaths to the new government, (and pity E it was that fuch oaths were appointed, as it did no fervice to the government, and great harm to religion) the dean was prefently thought of for one of them; but as he was neither ambitious nor avaritious, he abfolutely refused the favour, contenting himself with the deanery of St. Paul's instead of Canterbury, as the former was more convenient for ham and was then vacant by the promotion of Dr. Stillingfleet to the bithoprick of Worcester, upon the death of Dr. Thomas, one of the nonjuring bishops; and he was accordingly installed on Nov. 21, 1689. F Sept. 13, 1689, his majefty, in purfuance of an addrefs from the houfe of G commons, fummoned a convocation to meet, Nov. 21, following, and at the fame time, in puifuance of a propofal made by the dean, he iilued a commiffion to ten bishops, and 20 divines, of whom January, 1753. king continued fixt in the refolution he had feven months before taken, to make him archbishop of Canterbury, in cafe Dr. Sancroit, the then archbishop, fhould allow himself to be deprived rather than take the oaths; and the dean for a long time continued obftinate in refufing this high promotion; fo that in the ufual words nolo epifcopari he was either sincere, or a most extraordinary bypocrite, the laft of which we have no reafon to fufpect. However, upon the king's infifting, he was at laft obliged to accept, upon Dr. Sancroft's being deprived, and by due course of law ejected out of the palace of Lambeth, which till then he would not quit. Accordingly, April 23, 1691, the dean was nominated to the archbishoprick in council, elected by the chapter, May 16, and confecrated the last day of that month. June 4, he was fworn of the privy council; July 11, he had a reftitution of the temporalities, and at the fame time the queen granted him all the profits of the fee from the Michaelmas preceding, which amounted to 2500l. but he did not go to refide at the palace till the 26th of next November. If he was before pelted by the nonjur. ing clergy, and his letter to lord Ruffel .often often thrown in his teeth, they became now outrageous, and even fent fome of their libels to his lady; but tho' many of them were printed, he was so far from feeking any legal revenge, that he used all his intereft with the government to prevent profecution; yet notwithstanding this moderation, he was one of thofe excepted in the abdicated king's declaration of pardon, fent over here in April, 1692, before the affair of La Hogue. He did not live long to enjoy his high preferment; for on Sunday, Nov. 18, 1694, he was taken ill while he was at chapel at Whitehall, but did not interrupt the fervice: When it was over he was carri ed home, and his illness foon turning to a dead paify, he died the 22d, and was buried in the church of St. Lawrence Jewry. Notwithstanding the confiderable henefices he held for fo long a time, and tho' he never lived in any grand or voluptuous manner, yet his private charities were fuch that he died peer, fo poer that king William was forced to grant a penfion of 400l. a year to his widow, to which his majelly afterwards added 2ccl. a year more, her fon-in-law Mr. Chadwick's upon dying fo poor as not to leave any thing for his younger children, and col. in her debt, which he had not left affets to pay; this Mr. Chadwick, a merchant B hath no where endeavoured to prove, that triangles not standing on the fame bafe between the fame parallels, or equiangular, are fimilar. But allowing Mr. Noorthouck to have truly found the two fides by his two first propofitions (which I deny) I dare affirm he is the only gentleman that values himfelf for his knowledge in lines, that ever, by having three fides of a trapezium, propofed to find the fourth by fimilar proportion of fides, as Mr. Noorthouck's third proportion (founded upon mistaken principles) would infinuate; for it is felf-evident, that the three fides of any trapezium might be the fame length; and the fourth, to compleat the figure, ten times, &c. longer or shorter.hope the gentleman will not be difcouraged, but as probably his tafte may be more refined for conftru&ion, than calculation, he will oblige me with a geometrical conftru&tion of the fame question. You will conclude, Sir, from the above, that Mr. Noorthouck is mistaken in his proportions: I fhould be wanting to myfelf did I not endeavour to make him fenfible of it; which I thought could not be fo properly done as by your MagaI am, SIR, zine. Chefham, Your very humble fervant, Dec. 24, 1752. ABRAHAM STONE. of London, having married the arch-D Te the AUTHOR of the LONDON bishop's only child; for his grace had but two daughters, one of whom died unmarried in 1681; fo that we cannot fuppofe, that he impaired his fortune by extravagant provifions for his children. To the AUTHOR of the LONDON MAGAZINE. SIR, N your Magazine for O&t. last, p. 463, Mr. Noorthouck endeavours to anfwer a queftion in your Magazine, p. 367: He not only cenfures me for being remarkably tedious in my anfwer, but also taxes n.e for forgetting 18 Eucl. 5, upon which authority, he fays, he founded his proportions: And it might have been E as well if Mr. Noorthouck had not remem- SIR, MAGAZINE. N your Magazine for December, 1752, Mr. Freke's Treatife on the Nature and Property of Fire; wherein that gentleman afferts, that the fame fire which is univerfal in nature, is demonstrably the fame which gives life to all creatures on this earth; which he feems to prove by the following experiment, viz. "Let a cat or any creature by placed with a lighted candle, or any other portion of fire, in a certain space of common air, and you will find, that the life of the candle, and that of the cat, equally depended on the existence of the fire in the air univerfally difperfed." Of which having a mind to be convinced by ocular demonstration, I put a mouse and a candle into a glas receiver containing two gallons and a half, cutting off all communication with the external air, by a large cork clofely luted. The candle was foon extinguished, the mouse remaining as lively as before. The experiment was feveral times repeated, the event always the fame. Now how it happens that the confequence of the experiment made in an oven |