never faw the prifoner, till the morning he was killed. Andrew Armour.-That fome time between the 3d and 7th of November, the prifoner faid to him, that Mr. Mills had treated him cruelly, and in fuch a manner as ought never to be forgiven. And that he believed the prifoner meant Mr. Matthew Mills; and never heard that before that time he had any quarrel with Mr. Thomas or Mr. William Mills, nor did the prifoner then tell him in what manner Mr. Mills had behaved to him, to occafion his faying fo to him. A Patience Dorfet.-That on the king's birth-day (Nov. 1o,) as he was going into Mr. M'Cabee's tavern (in St. Chrif. B topher's) he heard the prifoner fay to two men he was talking with, there is a certain gentleman in this island, that within a fortnight he would either kill or be killed by. But did not know, nor had ever feen either of the men he was talking to. D Dr. James Webbe,-That at the afore-C faid fale, he heard the prifoner fay, we will be bound by these conditions as far as the law can bind us and no farther; and that the marfbal bad no right to make any terms of fale. That he heard the deceafed fay, que ill Lave no Schoolboys play. That the prifoner purchased the estate at his requeft. That the prifoner and he were intimate. And after this being asked thus: Did you never hear the prifoner mention any thing of fatisfaction or ill treatment? Without objecting to the question, he answered; never; and afterwards being asked thus: Did the prifoner never fay any thing to you on the fubject of the difpute that had happened at the fale of Bridgwater's estate? He, without objecting answered, no, he E never did. The doctor confessed, that the prifoner did, on Nov. 18, in the evening, write, execute, and deliver to him a deed or writing attefted by three witneifes, but faid he did not know whether it was his will or no, nor did the prifoner then inform him of his being a legåtee in it; whereas the doctor had faid in his examination before the judges of the inland of Nevis, which was read in court, that the prifoner had that evening made his will, and informed him that he was a Jegatee. The doctor further faid, that on the 18th at night, the prifoner went to bed at his, the doctor's, houfe, and that on the 19th in the morning he faw the prifoner riding up to his, the doctor's, house, on one of his, the doctor's, horses, and his, the doctor's, negro boy along with him: That he then had on a whitish coat, a lver-laced hat, and a dark-coloured waistcoat; and that about the fame time G the prifoner's negro boy brought a red trunk to his house, in which the prifoner ufed to carry his things. The doctor likewife faid, that at his defire, the prifoner and he, upon Nov. 12, fired feveral times at a mark, with a pair of Mrs. Dafent's pistols, which had brass barrels and filver mounting, and he believed to be the fame with thofe fhewn to him in court. That on the 20th Mrs. Dafent miffed them, and he helping her to search for them, found them under the bed in a room where stood a red trunk, which he believed to be the trunk that the prifoner's boy had brought to his house the morning of the 19th. That he faw the trunk opened: That there was a coat and waift coat in it which were moift: That he did not on the Saturday night, the 18th, fend his boy or any of his horfes out on any errand: That the night between Saturday and Sunday the 19th was a very boisterous night; and that from the time he spoke to the prifoner on Saturday night, and the time he faw him riding up to the house in the morning, he believed, he might have been at St. Chriftopher's and back again. The withelfes to the will were then called, who fwore they witneffed a deed Written and executed by the prifoner, Nov. 18, at night, but could not be pofitive it was a will. Thomas Hobfon and his fifter living on Bridgwater eftate fwore, that on Saturday night, Nov. 18, about midnight, Dr. Webbe's boy came to their houfe on one of the doctor's horses, about midnight, and faid he had been round the inland looking for his mafter. That after putting up his horfe who was wet, he stayed there all night: That about 8 o'clock next morning a little gentleman in a white coat and filver laced hat came there, asked for Pope, the boy's name, and the moment he faw him, bid him faddle the horse: That as foon as he was faddled, after afking the boy the nearest way to Dr. Webbe's houfe, he mounted and rode that way: That he came from towards the bay, and that the prifoner was the very man. John M'Kenley, fwore, that, Nov. 19, about 5 o'clock in the morning a negro boy rushed into his chamber, and cried out, O Lord, mafter make bafie and come down, for my mafter is fighting with fwerd and piftols, with a gentleman that is comie from Nevis. That the boy got presently again upon his mañer's horfe, galloped down, and he followed on foot. That he found the gentleman juft expired, therefore afked the boy who had killed his mafter, and that he told him it was Barbot, 1753. Trial of Mr. Barbot for the Murder of Mr. Mills. 349 Barbot, who was juft gone off in a canoe. William Johnfon being then called, his being fworn was objected to, because he had been convicted and whipped at Montferrat for petty larceny. Anfwered, by the profecutor's council, You must produce the record of the conviction. Replied for the prifoner, that they did not know of his being to be produced as a witnefs till the day before yesterday, fo that they had not time to procure the record, but would prove it by witneffes. But this not being admitted, Johnson was fworn and faid, that in his paffage from Nevis to St. Chriftopher's, Nov. 19, about fix o'clock in the morning, a canoe with four oars and a fail paffed by him, in which was the prifoner, dreffed in a white coat, a laced hat, and a dark coloured waistcoat: That it feemed coming from Frigate-bay, and was standing for Nevis; and that as he could then fee the whole way between the two, he could fay there was then no other canoe in the channel. B fure it was the prifoner, and that he was dreffed in a brown coat. Edward Bridgwater.-That, Nov. 19, between nine and ten in the morning, he faw the prifoner riding over Gruff's gut, the nearest way to Dr. Webbe's, on a horfe of the doctor's. John Cribbe. That, Nov. 17, the pri foner hired his canoe, to carry fome let ters to St. Kitt's, and the canoe returned the next day in the afternoon. That the negroes belonging to her, then took her to go a fishing, as he understood, and he did not fee them again till the 19th about eight o'clock in the morning, foon after which he asked Peter, what luck? To which he answered, poor luck; and looking very thoughtful and melancholy, faid he was troubled; for that he had been at St. Kitt's with Mr. Barbot, who, he was afraid, had done a great deal of mischief, for, he believed, he had killed Mr. Mills: That it was about ten o'clock in the morning he had this difcourfe with Peter; and that he had not till then heard of Mr. Mills being killed. Thomas Quin,-That he was fent from St. Kitt's in pursuit of the prifoner: That he did not arrive at Nevis till about eleven o'clock, and that he was fure he was the firft that brought the news of Mr. Mills being killed to Nevis. Mrs. Frances Dafent and Jofeph Herbert, Efq; conD firmed what Dr.. Webbe had faid about finding the pistols; but faid there was nothing in the trunk but a brown waistcoat and a black pair of breeches; and Mr. Herbert added, that finding them wet, he put his tongue to the waistcoat, and found it falt, from which he concluded, it must have been wet with falt water. Thomas Wilfon, Efq; fwore, that, Nov. 19, this Johnfon came to him with a letter from Mr. Miffet of Monferrat. That upon his telling Johnson of Mr. Mills being killed, and that it was fuppofed by Mr. Barbot. Barbot! said he, why E I met him going in a canoe to Nevis this morning. Jafper Thomas.-That, Nov. 19, between fix and feven in the morning, he faw Mr. Cribbe's canoe, with Mr. Hal'burd's Peter, and Mr. Deverade's Joe in it, land juft under Lowland church, and feemed to have come from the falt-ponds. That the inftant it ftruck the fhore, the prifoner, who had on a filver-laced hat and whitish coat, jumped out, and after him a little negro boy with a little red trunk on his head: And that both went towards the town. John Thomas, the fon, fwore to much the fame effect with his father. F William White fwore, that, Nov. 19, G he faw the prifoner in the morning, walking up the road that leads to Bridge water's eftate, and believed he came from the bay: That he was dreffed in a brown eoat and a laced hat; and that he was Dr. Hamilton and Mr. Edwards fwore, that, Nov. 19, they were fent for to view the body of the deceased, and found he had been wounded by a ball from fome fire arm: That the ball had entered the right fide at a place which they could not defcribe better than by drawing a straight line directly from the pap four inches downwards, and then carrying it four inches towards the back. That upon opening the body, they found the ball had entered between the two laft falfe ribs, and fplintered one of them, and had penetrated the body obliquely from the right to the left fide, which was the cause of his death. That they did not think the deceased could have received fuch a wound if he had been standing in a pofture of defence, because the ball took its courfe towards the forepart of the left fide. Mr. Walter Pringle and Mr. Samuel Baker, fwore, that, Nov. 19, when they came zame into the room where the deceased's Mr. Herbert being again called, fwore, that a little while after the deceased's body was brought to Mr. Colhoun's houfe he fearched his pockets, and found in his breeches pockets three bullets. The prifoner then came upon his defence, and after making a very handsome and a very artful speech to the court, he called his witneffes, one of whom was Mr. William Julius, one of the coroner's inqueft at St. Kitt's upon the body of the deceafed, who fwore, that when Johnson was examined before them, he faid, that he believed it was Mr. Barbot whom he faw in the canoe, but could not fwear pofitively to him, for he was a mufket-fhot off. And another was Manfell Wilkes, who fwore, that ever fince he had known Johnfon, he had always born a bad cha racter, and that he reckoned him a bad man. The prifoner likewife called feveral witneffes to prove, that on Nov. 10, the king's birth-day, he was during the whole day at Nevis; but his witneffes differed among themselves as to the day, and the profecutors afterwards brought three gentlewomen who all fwore, that they had feen him on that day at St. Kitt's. Then after the prifoner and the counfel for the profecutors had made their speeches as ufual to the court and jury, the prefident fummed up the evidence, and the jury, after being withdrawn for about half an hour, brought in their verdict guilty, whereupon the ufual fentence was pronounced; and then the prifoner addreffing himfelf to the court faid, That fince it could no longer avail him to conceal the fact, he would make a frank confeffion of the whole. He then con B feffed, that he did kill Mr. Mills, but that he killed him fairly according to the notions of honour prevailing among men. That the cause of the quarrel was, Mr Mills calling him at the fale of the eftate an impertinent puppy, and refusing afterwards to make any apology, but instead thereof faying, that if I thought myself injured, he was at my fervice, when properly called upon. That upon this feveral letters paffed between them, by which means they at last met at the time and place mentioned in the trial; and that Mr. Mills had his piftol actually prefented when he received the shot which killed him. Before his execution, which was on Jan. 20, 1753, he wrote a long narrative of his cafe in a letter to a gentleman of St. Kitt's, in which he still infisted upon his killing Mr. Mills fairly; but in the paper he delivered to the provost marshal at the place of execution, he fays nothing of the truth of this narrative, or of his, Chaving killed Mr. Mills fairly, fo that whether he did so or not is still doubtful; but one thing feems to be certain, that Mr. Mills and he met that morning by exprefs appointment, therefore if it was not a fair duel, Mr. Mills must have been very imprudent; for no prudent man would go fingle and alone to meet and fight another, without carrying along Dwith him a pair of piftols in good ordes. If M'Kenley, when he found the deceafed's fword and piftols in the fituation. he describes, had asked the boy who put them into that fituation; or if a witness: had been produced at the trial to prove, that the pistols fhewn to Meff. Pringle and Baker were the very piftols taken out of Mr. Mills's holsters when the horfe returned, it would have tended to clear. up this question; for Dr. Hamilton feems not to understand the proper posture of defence, when a man fights with pistels, which is to turn his right fide as much as poffible to his enemy, because he may thereby more probably escape his enemy's fhot, as the fide of his body is not near for broad as the front; and a ball, by flant ing upon one of the ribs may take a direc tion different from what it had when entered the body. E F We have given the more full account of the evidence upon this trial, becaufe the proof was founded entirely upon prefumption, without any one witness of the fact, which is a dangerous fort of proof, but more neceffary to he admitted: in the West-Indies than here at home, becaufe negroes are not admitted as wit-neffes, even tho' employed to aflist in committing a crime. 1753. Ruffia Pot-Abes. Dr. Addington of the Sea Scurvy. 35-i A genuine AccOUNT of the Manner of making beft Ruffia PÓT ASHES. Commu nicated to the EDITOR by the late Sir PETER WARREN. HE beft kind of Pot- Ashes are those TH which being broke appear of a fine light bluish colour, intermixed with red and yellowish veins, free from coals, of a ftrong smell, and extreme quick, poinant tafte; they are generally in cakes about three or four inches thick. The best woods for making of Pot Ashes are well grown oak, ash, poplar, hiccory, elm, hazel, beech, and other forts of white woods. But pine, fir, faffafras, liquid amber or fweet gum, and all odoriferous woods, as well as thofe which abound with a rezin or gum, must be utterly rejected. The wood must be cut in the months of November, December, January and February, fplit and ftacked up in piles to dry. It ought to continue ftacked ten or twelve months, that it may be thoroughly dry, before it is burnt. The wood fhould be burnt to ashes on a tight brick hearth, by a flow fire, in a kind of kiln, or clofe place, otherwife when it is burnt in the open air by a Brong fire, great quantities of the afhes are confumed in fmoak, by the faline and terreftrial parts being carried up in fumes before they are feparated from the ethalable parts by the action of the fire; for the difference between burning wood. in a close place, and burning it in the open air is fo great, that it has been found by experience the quantity of athes obtained from the former are more than double the quantity produced from the 1stter. The wood being thus burnt into ashes, they must be well fifted thro' two fieves, one finer than the other. The fifted afhes must be taken and put into tight square brick troughs, or wooden backs, twenty or thirty in number, about four foot deep, covered with water, and well marshed or incorporated, where they must lay four or five months, that they may thoroughly diffolve, and attain their due strength. Care fhould be taken that they are not wetted with fpring water, much lefs with what is brackish, the proper water for the purpose being foft river or rain water. Warm open weather is the only time for making Pot Ashes in. Two or three furnaces must be made of brick, after the manner of bakers ovens, but much larger; the mouth of the furnace must be very large, and three or four holes towards the top of the furnace, to make it draw, which may be stopped, A if there is occafion; the furnaces mufe be made hot with oak or afhen wood, a ftrong fire in each furnace, which muft burn day and night. Then the prepared afhes must be thrown gradually on the fire (with a large iron ladle) when they will run into a metal like lead; the fire muft never go out till the furnace is almoft full of Pot-Ashes. The procefs being thus finished, and the furnace cool, the ahes must be broke fo as to be taken out, (but the larger the pieces are the better) as foon as the Pot-Athes are taken out, the large pieces, must be put into tight cafks by them-. felves, fo that no air may come to them. B to make them flack, and get moift, which damages Pot-Afhes. The duft and fmall pieces must be put into cafks by themselves, and diftinguished from the others by a mark on the heads of the cafks. EXTRACT from Dr. ADDINGTON's Efay on the SEA SCURVY, printed, and addreffed to the Lords Commiffioners of the Admiralty at the Requeft of Dr. STEPHEN HALES, and feveral eminent Phyficians. C D E G TH HE fea-fcurvy generally begins with an unusual oppreffion and weariness, a difficult refpiration, and different-coloured spots difperfed over the whole body,' efpecially the legs and arms. These symp toms increafing, by degrees are attended with a low unequal pulfe, lixivial urine, a pale-brown or livid complexion, a weakness and fwelling, or fometimes wafting of the legs, a difficulty in walking, acute tranfient paine, frequent bleedings at the nofe, stinking breath, putrid gums, loofe teeth, ill conditioned ulcers, and rotten bones. Its virulence has been fo great as to force open wounds which had been healed for many years; and to diffolve the callus of a broken bone.. It fometimes occafions fudden death, efpecially on any exertion of strength, or on any hafty motion. In the last stage, which is contagious, it produces horrors, of imagination, trembling; fainting, convulfive, epileptick fits; weakness of memory and reafon, lethargies, palfies, apoplexies; purple, livid, and black fpots; violent effufions of blood from every internal and external part of the body; putrid fevers, hectick, continued, and intermittent; exquifite shenmatick pains, pleurifies, the jaundice, obftinate coftivenefs, colicks, vomitings, diarrhoeas, dyfenteries, mortifications. The immediate caufe of the fcurvy is a ftate of humours far advanced towards putrefaction in the first stage, and quite putrid in the laft, which therefore is for the most part fatal. A ftrong difpofition in the fluids to corrupt, or a real corruption of them, which feems to be the effence of this diforder, may proceed, firft, from Uncleanliness, in the hip and in her company. The fhip is unclean when her bilge water is fuffered to ftink*, or her decks are not well fcraped and wathed; A or when fresh air is not often conveyed to her dark holes and receffes; or when many putrid effluvia ftream from nuifances on board her, fuch as corrupted food, foul ulcers, fick men, dead bodies, and the ordure of animals. Her company is unclean when they neglect airing their bed cloaths, or changing their linen, or fweetning their perfons. [The reft of this EXTRACT in our next.] A DESCRIPTION of YORKSHIRE, ·with a GENERAL MAP of the whole County. (See the particular MAPS of the Eaft, Weft and North Ridings in our Magazine for 1749.) delightful forests; and if fome be moorish, miry and unpleasant, others are, as fine and agreeable as the eye can with. It in general abounds with cattle, fifh and fowl, and is remarkable for a breed of fine horses, great flocks of goats and coals. It is famous for medicinal waters, fheep, and mines of lead, copper and bundance of jet, allum, lime-ftone, li- ! particularly at Scarborough, and has aquorice, &c. Their principal manufacture is coarse cloth; next to which Rippon fpurs, Sheffield blades, and Sherborn pins, are of efpecial note. This very large county, for the more easy manage. B ment of its civil government, is divided into three parts, called Ridings, viz. the Eaft-Riding, the Weft-Riding, and the North-Riding, each of which might make a county of itself. Y than any two counties in England joined together. It is equal to the duke- moreland on the weft, part of Westmore-D F The north and weft fides of the EaftRiding are bounded by the winding courfe of the Derwent, the fouth by thet Humber, and the east by the Germans Ocean; which part, with that towards the Derwent, is pretty fruitful, but the middle, called Yorkfwould, is nothing but a heap of mountains. In this divifion are three boroughs which fend members to parliament, viz. Beverley, Hull or Kingston upon Hull, and Headon or Heydon. See a particular account of this Riding in our Mag. for 1749, with the MAP annexed, p. 251, 252. The Weft-Riding, which is the most confiderable, is bounded by the Oufe, by Lancashire, and by the fouthern limits of the county, and lies towards the fouth and weft. In this divifion are the city of York, and five boroughs that fend members to parliament, viz. Knaresborough, Aldborough, Boroughbridge, Rippon, and Pontefract or Pomfret; befides Sheffieldy Wakefield, Hallifax, Leeds, and many other noted towns. See the particular defcription of this Riding, with its MAP, in our Mag. of the fame year, p. 346, 347, 348. The North Riding, a few miles above Flamborough Head, extends itself in a long and narrow traft for 60 miles, as far as Westmoreland to the west, being bounded on one fide partly by the Dar went, feparating it from the Eaft Riding, and partly by the Oufe and Ure, dividing it from the Weft-Riding; and on the other fide by the Tees, which parts it from the bishoprick of Durham to the north. There are five boroughs in this divifion, viz. Scarborough, Malton, Thirske, Northallerton, and Richmond. See its defcription, with the MAP of it, in our faid Mag. for 1749, p. 395," , *196.* JO. U. R Sea water putrefics fo eafily by fagnation, that avere it not for the moving of the fea by the force of winds, tides and currents, it would corrupt all the world. i |