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32

A catalogue of books

46

ibid

47

48

chofen preacher at Lincoln's Inn, The Prepojal for making an effectual Provision for the Poor: By Henry Fielding Efq; fail be confidered in our next.-Our Poetical and other Correfpondents are defired to fend their Pieces early in the Month as poffible, in order to their being inferted in Time.

In January was Publifhed,

N APPENDIX to the LONDON MAGAZINE for 1752, with a Beautiful FRONTISPIECE, a General TITLE curiously engraved, Compleat INDEXES, and feveral other Things, necellary to be bound up with the Volume.

THE

LONDON MAGAZINE. JANUARY, 1753

Upon Occafun of the prefert Difpute with
Profia, the following Anecdote from the
Hiory of Queen ELIZABETH muft, we
thirk, be agrecable to our Readers.

D

URING the war
carried on by that
wife and glori-A
ous queen against“
Spain, feveral of
the Swedish and

Dantzick ships had en been feized by our hips of war, on account of their being loaded with contraband goods for Spain, and probably fome exceffes had B then likewife been committed, as there always are upon fuch occafions.

Upon this Sigifmund, King of Poland and Sweden, fent Paulus de Jaline, his ambalador, to queen Elizabeth, to demand fatisfaction, which at his firft audience he began to do in Latin, the only language then ufed upon fuch occafions; but he did it in fuch a high tone and haughty manner, that the queen cut him fhort with the following extempore anfwer in Latin.

Heu quam decepta fui! Expectavi nuncium: tu verò querelam mibi adduxifti ; per Interas te accepi effe legatum, te verd heraldum tornio. Nunquam in vita talem orationem audivi. Mirer, fanè miror, tantam et tam Infolitam in publico audaciam; neque puto, fi Tex tuus adeffet, talia verba protuliffet: Sin aliquid tale tibi in mandatis commifit (qued quidem valdè dubito) tribuendum, quòd cùm tea fi juvenis, & non tam jure fanguinis January, 1753.

quam electionis, atque etiam novitèr clectus, non tam benè percipiat quid inter reges convenit, quam majeres fui nobifcum obfervarunt, & alii fortafle deinceps obfervabunt. Qued od te attinet, videris multes libros perlegifle, libros tamen principum non attigiffe, neque intelligere quid inter reges convenit. Cum vero jus naturæ, & gentium commemoras; boc feito effe jus naturæ & gentium, ut cum bellum inter reges intercedat, liceat alteri alterius undique allata præfidia intercipere, et ne in daraium fuum convertantur, prævidere: Hoc feito effe jus naturæ & gentium; ubi itidem domum Auftria narras (quam jam tanti facis) nen te lateat ex eadem domo non defuiffe qui regnum Poloniæ regi tuo intercipere voluiffent. De reliquis, qua cum multa funt & fingulatim deliberanda, non funt hujus loci ac ten poris, accipies quod a quibufdam confiliariis bute rei defignatis deliberandum fuerit. Interim valeas quiefcas.

This anfwer runs in English thus:

How much am I deceived! I expected Can envoy, but thou hast brought me challenge. By thy credential letters, I took thee to be an ambaffador, but I find thou art a herald. In all my life I never heard fuch a fpeech. I am furprised, I am really amazed at fo great and fo unufual impudence in publick; nor do I think that thy mafter, had he been here himfelf, would have made ufe of any fuch D language. But, if there be any fuch thing in his inftructions to thee, as he is a young king, not by hereditary right, but by clection, and even but lately elected, I muft impute it to his being unacquainted with that language which is proper

A 2

proper among fovereigns, and which his
ancestors have always obferved towards
us, and his fucceffors from henceforth
probably will. As to what relates to
thyfelf, thou feemeft to have read many
books, but never to have looked into the
book of princes, nor to understand what
is decent among fovereigns. But fince A
thou talkeft of the law of nature and
nations, know, that when war breaketh
out between two kings, they are, each
of them, warranted by the law of na-
⚫ture and nations, to intercept all supplies
brought to the other, let them come from
whence they will, and to take care that no
fuch fupplies may be made ufe of against
themfelves. Know this to be the law of
nature and of nations. Where again thou
talkeft of the houfe of Auftria, which
thou now buildeft fo much, on, thou art
not ignorant, that there was not wanting
of that houfe, one who defigned to in-
tercept from thy king the kingdom of
Poland*. As to the reft, being nume-
rous and fuch as must be particularly C
confidered, they are not proper for this
time or place: The refolutions of the
commiffioners appointed for this purpofe
fhall be communicated to thee. In the
mean time fare thee well, and be quiet.

Thus did that great princefs answer a powerful king, who only talked in a manner which the thought infolent; and it is remarkable, that this fpirited answer was made by her when the was old; when the was involved in a war with Spain, then the most potent monarchy in Europe; when he had been deferted by her ally, Henry IV. of France, who had made a feparate peace with Spain; and when there was a dangerous rebellion in

legation of his majesty the king of Pruffia, is obliged to remind your excellency of the preffing follicitations employed by himfelf and predeceffor, at feveral times, for obtaining from the equity, and thro the justice of the miniftry of this court, the fatisfaction which the Pruffian merchants have demanded, of being indemnified for the violences and depredations they have fuftained from fome of the English privateers, during the last war. Your excellency will remember, that thefe merchants had fome their ships taken from them, fome their effects forced away, others had them detained; and altho' it was evidently made appear, that B none of them dealt in contraband trade, they have not hitherto been able to obtain any redrefs, neither from the English tribunals to whom they applied, nor from the government, before which they laid their complaints: And that, by a finguJarly ftrange contradiction, when even thofe tribunals found no fpecious pretext for confifcating their fhips and effects, and confequently difcovered the injuftice of the prize, they nevertheless did not fail to condemn the proprietors in cofts, to the behoof of the privateers, and leviable upon the capture.

D

Ireland, headed by the famous Ter-Owen, E and fupported by Spain.

And Speed, who gives us this anecdote,
tells us, that having ended her oration,
the lion like rifing, daunted the malapert
orator no less with her ftately port and
majeftick departure, than with the tart-
nefs of her princely checks: And turning
to the train of her attendants, faid, F
"God's death, my lords, I have been
forced this day to fcour up my old Latin
that hath long lain rufty."

In our Magazine for laft Year. p. 603, we
gave the Subftance of what the King of
Pruffia calls an Expofition of his Mo-
tives for detaining Part of the Silefia
Lean, by Way of Comperfation for the Da-
G
mage
done to his Subjects in the laft War by
our Privateers. And now we fall give a
Copy of the Memorial prefented by kis Mini-
Ber bere upon that Subject, as follows, viz,
T is by order of the king his mafter,
that the undersigned fecretary to the

I

The laws of equity ought incontestably to be the fame for all nations; and an fanctuary at Berlin, in the juftice of its Englishman ought to expect the finding a

tribunals, against the violence of their fubjects, the fame as a Pruffian ought to find it at London, against any illegal procodure of theirs. It is upon this principle, that good faith and mutual commerce ftand established between nation and nation: It is alfo upon this very principle, that the merchants of Europe traffick with their neighbours, and that the English nation carries on so advantageous a commerce. All countries look on thefe ties of equity as facred and inviolable, and they refpect them at home, that they may receive the benefit of them abroad, whenever the neceffity comes to exift of their having recourse to them.

His majefty believed, that, with a nation fo full of noble fentiments, fo generous as the English, it would be no difficulty to obtain for his fubjects the fatiffaction that was due to them; and your excellency will remember, that, in cafe

of a refufal, the intimation was not omit ted, that his majesty, the king of Pruffia, would find himself obliged (tho' with regret) to feize the capital funds for which the dutchy of Silefia ftood mortgaged to the English, efpecially as his majefty had no other means of indemnifying his fubjects.

The

The archduke Maximilian of Auftria, brother to the emperor Rhodelyb II. bad diffuted the crown with Sigifmund,

1753.

MEMORIAL of the Pruffian MINISTER.

The intentions of the king my master are pure: His majesty was determined to fulfil, with all integrity, the engagements he has contracted with the English nation, and acquit the debts incumbent on him; but he is determined at the fame time to make good to his fubjects the protection which he owes them.

That his majefty might precipitate nothing in an affair of this nature, and in order to afford the English government time enough for reflection, his majesty continued difcharging the Silefia loan until payment of the laft term; but when his majefty faw that neither the equity of his demands, that neither time, reafons, nor repeated importunities, produced any effect, in favour of the Pruffian merchants, the king thought himself obliged to have recourfe to the last measure that remained in his power, that of deducting from the money due to the English the fum which his fubjects demanded for their indemnification.

A

5

jects, upon that of each merchant feparately; whence it refults, that of 239,850 crowns, which thofe merchants reckoned due to them, the commiffion has adjudged to them no more than 159,486 crowns, 20 gr. principal, and 33,283 crowns interest, at the rate of 6 per cent.

Tho' his majefty has all the reafon to be perfuaded, that the faid commiffion has proceeded according to the forms of the most impartial justice, his majesty has, nevertheless, ordered the underfigner to declare, in the present memorial, that his majesty is difpofed to have any contefted facts examined afresh by the faid commiffion, if any officers, or B English privateers, who fhall believe themfelves wronged thereby, think proper to interfere therein, and to get the judgment altered, in cafe the allegations of the party, fo complaining, should be found valid.

The fame law that obliges us to the fair C dealing of paying our debts, authorizes us to exact the fame measure of justice from our debtors. What a fingularly strange fort of law would that be, that fhould regulate all in favour of one fide, and nothing in favour of the other? In this affair, however, the point in agitation is not even what is owing from the English to the Pruffians, but what is forcibly with-held from them. If it is but just to pay one's debts, it is yet more fo to repair the damages one has occafioned by one's own fault, and with premeditated defign.

The king fixes, for the exhibition of thefe allegations, the term of three months, reckoning from the day of this declaration. As the lift of the feveral captures annexed to this memorial contains the names of those who made them, his majesty refers it to the good pleasure of the British government, in what manner it fhall be proper to inform the parties of the judgment pronounced, that they may enter their complaint against it acD cording to law. If, nevertheless, the faid term lapfes without any one's interpofing in his own vindication, his majesty will abide by the decree of his council, and in pursuance thereof, will order the deduction of the fum adjudged to his fubjects, including the intereft thereon at 6 per cent. until the roth of July of the current year; which faid deduction, so ordered from the money due to the English, amounts to 194,725 Brandenburg crowns, 4 gr. and 5 deniers, and is to be applied to the indemnification of the Pruffian merchants. His majefty at the fame time declares, that he is ready to order a remittance to be made to the commiffioners of the Silefia loan, of the refidue of what is owing upon that claim, both on account of the capital, and of the intereft growing thereon, at the rate of 7 per cent. to the tenth of July of this prefent year. Always provided, that the faid commiffioners fhall produce an authentick releafe for the faid principal and intereft.

After reasons fo ftrong, after having, in vain, demanded reparation from those who alone could make it, is there any colour whatever for pretending, that the E king fhould give up his own fubjects? And could he do it, even if he would? He owes the laft term to the English; he ftops it, and, after having acquainted the British government upon all occafions, of the measures his majefty could not but indifpenfably take, he appointed a commiffion to judge, with impartiality, and with a rigid exactnefs, the pretenfions of the Pruffian merchants. At the head of this commiffion, too his majefty placed a man, whom to name, furces to fanétify the whole procedure. The then high chancellor (Cocceii) three minifters of ftate, and feveral counsellors of juftice, have examined the claims of the merchants, and liquidated their just amount. This commiffion having terminated this affair, the under-figner has the honour to prefent, enclosed herewith, to your excellency, copies of the decrees given upon the different claims of the Prufian fub

G

In cafe that, againft all expectation, they shall in England refufe to come into this fo equitable a regulation, I am to declare to your excellency, that the king will order the faid fum to be judicially delivered to his chamber of justice in Berlin, there to remain in depofite, till it fhall

please