3. The great masses of teachers prefer that a paper shall stop at the end of the time for which they subscribe, unless they specify to the contrary.

The Journal believes that the law allowing publishers to send their papers beyond the time subscribed for, and then forcing collection, to be unjust, and has never, in a single instance, taken advantage of it.

Of course teachers are urged to renew their subscriptions, and it is expected that they generally will do so, but they are not forced to do so.

Furthermore, if a teacher desires to renew, and not break the file of his Journal, and does not happen to have the money at hand, he can simply write a postal saying, "please continue, and I will send the price later," and the request is granted. It is no more trouble to write and say "continue my paper," than it is to say "stop my paper."

THE NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATIGN.

As announced last month, the National Association will hold its next annual session at Topeka, Kansas, July 13, 14, 15 and 16, 1886.

Denver made a strong effort to get the Association this time, and tied Topeka on a vote at Saratoga last summed The final settlement of the place of meeting was left to the counsellors, and Superintendent Gove, of Denver, insists that one-half of these had promised to vote for Denver, and that the President promised that the matter should not be decided till Denver was heard from as to

that in some way the matter was put (int)?

it would do. It seems the hands of a sub-commit

tee, which decided the matter in favor of Topeka without waiting to hear from Denver. Superintendent Gove is very much incensed at his treatment, and is making a vigorous protest through his paper. There is evidently some misunderstanding.

Denver made a most generous offer, and it would be a delight to visit "the city at the foot of the mountains," and its distance from the populous parts of the country is the only argument that can be urged against it.

Topeka offers every facility for a large and interesting meeting. Boarding at from $1.00 to $2.00 per day, and low restaurant rates have already been guaranteed.

President N. A. Calkins is hard at work on the program, and there is no reason why the next meeting should not be one of the largest and one of the best yet held. Let Denver heartily join in the work, and it will stand a good chance for the next meeting.

Now is the time to subscribe for the Journal, and begin with the volume. Can you not raise a club? For a club of five, and $6.25, we will send any one one of the following excellent books:

FOR A CLUB OF FIVE, I will give either of the following: The Koran (Mohammedan) Bible; Don Quixote; Arabian Nights; Robinson

Crusoe; Swiss Family Robinson; The Complete Poetical Works of either Milton, Byron, Burns, Dante, or Mrs. Hemans; Johnson's Lives of Great Poets; Boswell and Johnson-their Companions and Contemporaries; Jane Eyre; John Halifax, Gentleman; Ivanhoe; Baron Munchausen and Gulliver's Novels, in one volume; Bacon's Complete Essays; Building a Home; How to Furnish a Home; Home Amuse

ments.

A WORTHY ENTERPRISE.

Two Indianapolis teachers-Miss Mary E. Nicholson, principal of the Indianapolis training school, and Miss Charity Dye, teacher in the high school-some time ago conceived the idea of providing a course of lectures for boys and girls who ought to be interested in historical reading. They have perfected their plan, and several of the lectures have been given to crowded houses. The subjects discussed are such as "George Washington," "The Early Days of Indiana,' " "History of Vincennes," "Tecumseh," Daniel Boone," &c., &c. Tickets have been sold to adults at a nominal price, merely to cover expenses. In this way the young people are furnished a course of lectures that are instructive and entertaining, and beyond this that will stimulate them to read in profitable lines. What these ladies have done in Indianapolis, can be done in a hundred other places in Indiana, if only there is a will and a directing power.

AN ATTACK ON THE STATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER LEARNING.

The Central Normal News, of Danville, in its last issue contains an article from the pen of Hon. L. M. Campbell, of Danville, making a vigorous attack on the State Colleges. This the Journal is sorry to see. There is work enough in the way of educating the people to employ every facility, and it is suicidal for our schools to fight among themselves.

A state is not great because of its broad fertile acres and the number of hogs it can produce, but because of the virtue and intelligence of its citizens. It is the duty of the state to educate its future citizens, and the more general and the more thorough this education the better-the higher education is just as essential as the lower. The success of an army depends as much upon its leaders as it does upon the rank and file.

To cut off all higher education would be to turn back the wheels of progress fifty years. Knowledge is power," and other things being equal the more education a person has the more influence can he exert-and the more well educated people there are in any community the better it is for that community.

Then admitting the great importance of this higher education, and but few will deny it, the simple question is, shall the state encourage it and do something toward securing it, or shall she ignore it and trust it to chance and charity? In other words, shall the state entrust entirely to other hands something upon which its very existence depends?

The Hon. author of the above named article casts a slur upon the State Colleges because they are not self-sustaining and because their friends beg support of the Legislature. Does the gentleman not know that there is not a college or university in the State or in the United States or in the world, which is worthy the name, that is self-supporting-they are all endowed either by individual charity or supported by the state. This statement does not apply to schools doing chiefly common school and academic work. Whatever disgrace there is in "lobbying" the Legislature for support of the State Colleges lies in the fact that Mr. Campbell and men of his way of thinking make such work necessary. All necessary support should be voted without the asking.)

The state schools are doing a good work and the state should set a worthy example by giving them a liberal support—and thus stimulate denominational and private schools and colleges to the highest endeavor. These independent schools are doing a great work in this state-a work that the state can not do, and they should receive every possible encouragement.

The friends of private schools only injure themselves when they make war on the state schools, and in addition they injure the cause of general education. There is room for all and there is work for all, and all working together can not give greater educational facilities than the highest and best interests of the people demand.

GEMS OF THOUGHT.

"When e'er a noble deed is wrought,
When e'er is spoken a noble thought,
Our hearts, in glad surprise,

To higher levels rise.

Honor to those whose words or deeds

Thus help us in our daily needs,

And by their overflow

Raise us from what is low!"

-Longfellow.

Modesty is not only an ornament, but a guard to virtue.—Addison. To know how to wait is the great secret of success.-De Maistre. It is easy to condemn; it is better to pity.-Abbot.

He overcomes a stout enemy that overcomes his own anger.-Chilo. Think wrongly if you please, but in all cases think for yourself.— Lessing.

Let all thy converse be sincere,

Thy conscience as the noon-day clear.-George Eliot. From the lowest depth there is a path to the loftiest height.-Carlyle.

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

[Questions for November are omitted.]

ANSWERS TO BOARD QUESTIONS PUBLISHED IN DEC.

ARITHMETIC.—1. √(225+145)2=140 ft., Ans.

2.

52 men: 45 men.

45 feet 60 feet.

:

IO feet : 8 feet. 355 feet: 546 ft., Ans. (?)

15 da. 25 da.

3. Antecedents of a proportion are the first terms of each ratio. Consequents are 45 men, 60 feet, 8 feet, 25 da., and 546% ft. $18000 Capital. =D's; =G's.

4.

5.

1⁄2 of gain, or $5400, $1800, L's share.

$5400-$1800 $3600, the net profit.
of $3600 $1600, D's.

of $3600= $2000, G's, Ans.

45,228,544-364, Ans.

6. 5% of $5000 for 7 yr.= $43.75, discount for 63 days.

$5000-$47.75=$4965.25, net proceeds of draft.
12% of $5000 $75, premium.

$4956.25+$75 $5031.25, the cost of draft, Ans.

7. $3457.84

=

$1+(71⁄2% of $1 for yr.)

$3457.84-$3306.301+= $151.538+true discount, Ans.

One got 3 of $53, $10}; the other got 14% of $53, or $423§, Ans. PHYSIOLOGY.-I. The muscles are the motor tissues of the body. Each muscle is composed of bundles of fibers. These bundles are covered by a sheath of connective tissue, which also sends off partitions from its under surface to envelope each bundle, or fasciculus. Each apparent fiber in the fasciculus is itself a bundle of very fine threads, which are also separated and at the same time bound together by delicate connective tissue.

Outside the sarcolemma, or sheath enclosing the primary threads, lie the blood-vessels, scattered in among the smaller fasciculi. Passing in among these and through the sarcolemma into the muscle substance itself are the nerves of motion.

Involuntary or unstriped muscle-threads are composed of elongated, flattened cells, tapering at either end and in some way cemented together. Voluntary or striped muscle-threads are also made up of cells, these including, like the involuntary, nuclei surrounded by protoplasm, and also an irritable and contractile substance which gives them their power of motion under stimulation. The property of contractility in the, cells enables them, by enlarging their diameter to diminish their length, and thus the length of the muscle which they compose.

The muscles are the active organs of motion, the bones the passive organs of motion. The joints of the skeleton, by allowing the ends of a muscle, through its tendons, to be attached to different bones, give to the body its powers of action and locomotion. Each motion of a muscle is attended by a waste of tissue. This, however, is readily supplied by new material from the blood when the body is properly exercised. Violent and exhaustive exercise, and lack of exercise, have the same tendency to produce weak and flabby and pale muscles. Moderate exercise, in pure air, in sunshine, and under such surroundings as furnish a pleasant mental stimulus, is decidedly beneficial.

The amount of exercise which should be taken is to be regulated by the common sense and the general physical condition of the individual. The muscles require rest after labor. This nature has wisely arranged for in the automatic or involuntary muscles. The heart rests over onethird of the twenty-four hours by means of the alternate beats of auricles and ventricles, as well as by its slower pulsations when the body is in a recumbent position. Alcoholic stimulus abnormally increases the rapidity of the beats, especially if taken at night, and this tends to shorten life.

READING. .-I. Monotone is the utterance of the successive words of a paragraph in one unbroken key. It may be employed in passages of sublime description, of solemn denunciation, or of deep reverence. It usually requires a low tone and a slow rate.

2. A cadence is a wave of the voice ending with a downward tone, at the close of the sentence. It differs from the falling inflection in that the latter is a gradual sliding of the voice to the close of the expression.

3. It is difficult to define "expression": it is something that can be felt, or its absence detected, by a keen sensibility, but the precise elements of which it is hard to state. Correct expression of the voice, however, may be said to embrace all those elements of force, pitch, time, quality, etc, which are necessary to bring out delicate shades of