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same month ; but as the birth-day of her royal consort so soon succeeded, the queen's was publicly kept about the beginning of the year, for the pur

, pose of promoting trade and business : it is evident that her present majesty's is not to be publicly celebrated on any day, as she is omitted in the liturgy, though she had been previously prayed for, as the PrincESS OF Wales; and we now only see "Vivat Rex" in the play-bills, instead of “ Vivant Rex et Regina.”

The illustrious subject of these memoirs derived her birth from the August house of Brunswick, which, in the reign of king James, became connected with the royal family of England. Charles, duke of Brunswick, by his princess Phillipina, had issue, Charles William Ferdinand, hereditary prince of Brunswick Wolfenbuttle, who was born October 9, 1735, and married at St. James's Palace, January 16, 1764, to the princess Augusta, eldest sister of his majesty George the Third, king of Great Britain, &c. Such were the parents of her present majesty. Prince Charles, retaining the great qualities of his ancestors, was equally wise in council and brave in the field. Under the auspices of his uncle, the great prince Ferdinand, the hereditary prince (as he was styled during the life-time of his father) acquired his military education, and he commanded the troops of his native country which formed a portion of the allied army

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during the seven years war in the reign of George the Second, prince Ferdinand having been appointed commander-in-chief of the army of the king of Great Britain. The hereditary prince entered into action in the 23rd year of his age, and his first exploit was the taking of Hoya, towards the latter end of February, 1758. Having been detached with four battalions, some light troops and dragoons, to dislodge the count de Chabot from the neighbourhood of that town, he passed the Weser at Bremen, with a part of his detachment, while the rest advanced on the other side of the river, and the enemy having been attacked in front and rear, were in a little time forced and thrown into confusion. The bridge having been abandoned, and near 700 men taken prisoners, the count de Chabot threw himself with two battalions into the castle, but was soon obliged to surrender on terms of capitulation. As soon as Hoya was reduced, he marched to attack Minden, which he invested on the 15th of March, and on the 16th the garrison surrendered at discretion. He was likewise extremely active in the pursuit of the French when they were retreating in great disorder towards the Rhine. At the battle of Crevell, he was intrusted by prince Ferdinand with the command of the left wing of the army, and he evinced equal courage and ability in that important station. Various circumstances having determined

prince Ferdinand to repass the Rhine, he made his dispositions for forcing the strong pass of Wachendonk, an island surrounded by the Niers, of

very difficult approach, and situated exactly in his route to the Rhine. This service was performed by the hereditary prince, who perceiving that the enemy had drawn up the bridge, rushed into the river at the head of his grenadiers, who drove the enemy away with their bayonets, and cleared the bridge for the passage of the army towards Rhinebergen.

The hereditary prince completed the success of the battle of Minden, gained by prince Ferdinand on the 1st of August, having the same day defeated the duke de Brisac, in the neighbourhood of Covelt, and by that victory prevented the marshal de Contades from making his retreat, as intended, by the defiles of Wittekendstein. He next attacked Fulda, and defeated the duke of Wirtemberg, taking four battalions prisoners, with two pieces of cannon, two pair of colours, and all their baggage. At the close of the campaign the bereditary prince was detached with 15,000 men to join the king of Prussia, and had the satisfaction to fight under the eye of that great comnander at Freyburg, in Saxony.

In the beginning of February, 1760, his serene highness began his march from Cheinnitz, in Saxony, for Westphalia. In the month of May

he was detached, with some battalions of grenadiers and two regiments of English dragoons, to Fulda, where he surprised and took several parties of the enemy. At his return from this expedition he was posted on the left of the army, and, at the battle of Corbach, hod to oppose the greatest efforts of marshal Broglio and the flower of the French infantry; and though obliged to retreat, he maintained his reputation by repeated proofs of bravery and intelligence. On this occasion his serene highness received a slight wound in the shoulder.

On the 5th of August, the hereditary prince set out on an expedition to break up the quarters of a French detachment, cantoned at Zirenberg, at a small distance from the French camp. He marched with so much caution and secrecy, and all his measures were so judiciously taken, that the troops were surprised, and had no time to assemble in any consi derable numbers; but having fired from the windows, the allied forces broke open the houses, and put to the sword or made prisoners, nearly the whole of the party. The prisoners brought away by the allies amounted to 400 men, including 40 officers, besides two pieces of cannon. This nocturnal attack, in which the British troops distinguished themselves, was regarded by military men at the time, as one of the best lessons for a similar exploit that had occurred in the course of the war.

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While the war was carried on merely by small detachments, and prince Ferdinand and marshal Broglio were practising every means to conceal from each other their real projects; prince Ferdinand's design to cut off the communication of the marshal with France, by the Lower Rhine, was made known in the month of September, by the march of the hereditary prince through Westphalia, at the head of twenty battalions and as many squadrons. On bis march he surprised part of a detachment under General Fischer, crossed the Rhine at Dusseldorff, Rees, and Emmerick, advanced to Cleves, forced its garrison to surrender prisoners of war, and invested Wesel on both banks of the Rhine. But his measures in this well-concerted enterprise were defeated, Wesel having been secretly supplied with provisions, ammunition, and troops, and the rains and overflowing of the Rhine, having impeded, and ultimately frustrated, all the operations of the siege. As soon as the prince was informed of the march of the marquis de Castries, he set out to encounter him by forced marches, and arrived, October 14, at Rhynberg, where his light troops were posted. This position they were compelled to abandon, notwithstanding all the efforts of his serene highness, who commanded in person, and exposed himself with great intrepidity in the warmest parts of the engagement. The enemy, leaving five battalions and some squadrons at Rhynberg, marched by the

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