Number.

Name.

Charitable and reformatory institutions in the District of Columbia, December 1, 1872.

an appropriation for the purchase and improvement of the building, and when the latter is done, the hospital will accommodate from 75 to 100 patients.

The improvements will

embrace private rooms for pay patients. The number of out-door and in-door patients treated during the year ended June 30, 1872, was 4.570, of which 3,708 were oured and 501
relieved. Of tho whole number 3.236 were Americans. Since the establishment of the hospital, March, 1866, 11,455 patients have been admitted, of which number 9,457 were
oured and 1,081 relieved. No deaths from surgical operations have occurred in four years. In proportion to the population, 20 per cent. more patients have been treated
in this hospital than in any similar institution in the larger cities. The figures relative to inmates, in the table above, include only the in-door patients in the hospital at the
date of this report, November, 1872. Mrs. A. L. S. Thombs is matron.

(d) With the exception of $1,000 appropriated by the District legislative assembly during the present year, this institution has been and is supported wholly by the volun-
tary contributions of philanthropic men and women of the District. The object of its founders was to provide a hospital and dispensary for the care of sick and crippled chil
dren between the ages of fifteen months and fifteen years, to be treated gratuitously, and also to provide for tho admission of sick children whose parents or guardians might
be able and willing to defray the necessary expenses. It is governed by a board of directors, and has a board of lady visitors, and the matron is Miss A. C. Magruder. A freo
medical dispensary is attached to the hospital, which has furnished hundreds of poor people with medicinos, while a large number of surgical operations has been performed
gratuitously. It is probable that Congress will bo asked to make an annual appropriation for this worthy institution.

(e) This institution is conducted under Protestant auspices, and is supported wholly by voluntary contributions. The ages of the inmates vary from two to eighteen years.
Mrs C. Johnson is the matron.
(f) This institution is conducted by the Sisters of the Holy Cross, although no distinction is made on account of religion in receiving inmates. It is supported entirely by
voluntary contributions. The ages of the inmates range from five to twelve years. It is governed by a board of trustees, of which the Rev. J. A. Walter is president. Since
the organization of the institution 366 orphans have been cared for.

(g) Since the establishment of this asylum over 5,000 orphan girls, who were received at the age of five years, and retained until sixteen, when homes were found for them,
have been cared for. Rev. Father Boylo is president of the board of directors. The asylum is supported by voluntary contributions, and by tho interest on small bequests
which have been left it from time to time.

(h) This institution was established by the Sisters of St. Vincent's Orphan Asylum. The ages of the inmates range from fourteen to twenty, and the institution is sup.
ported by the efforts of the young ladies who were formerly inmates of St. Vincent's Asylum. In fact, the institution is a branch of the asylum.

(i) This worthy institution is in charge of Sisters of Charity, and receives children from birth up to five years. It is wholly supported by voluntary contributions.
(j) The Forty-first Congress appropriated $15,000 to establish this institution, which receives only the orphans of Union soldiers and sailors. The ages of the present
inmates range from six to fifteen and a half years. The president of the board of lady managers is Mrs. General David Hunter; the superintendent of the home is Mrs. E. E.
Scarborough; and the teacher, Mr. Corlen. The home is supported by annual appropriations of Congress and by voluntary contributions. Suitable positions are obtained for
the older inmates, through the personal influence of the boards of trustees and lady managers. Among the incorporators of the home are Mrs. President Grant, Mrs. General
Sherman, and Mrs. Governor Cooke.

(k) This institution was established by a number of Christian ladies under an act of Congress "to provide for the creation of corporations in the District of Columbia by
general law."
The object of the association was to found a home, temporarily, for destitute females (including fallen women) and children, and to obtain employment for the
adults. The young inmates, of whom there are usually from 20 to 50, are cared for in a "Foster Home" attached to the institution. The ages of inmates vary from birth to
eighty years of age. Several old ladies are boarded at the expense of their respective churches. The home is supported by voluntary contributions. The general secretary in
charge is Mrs. Clark. Many fallen women have been wholly reclaimed through the instrumentality of the members of the association.

This hospital was organized by the Sisters of Charity, and subsequently, in 1863, Congress granted it a charter, and has since appropriated $12,000 annually toward its
support. The other source of its support is the money received from pay patients. Since its organization this hospital has received and cared for thousands of persons (many
of them soldiers and sailors) in need of medical and surgical treatment. Although conducted under Roman Catholic auspices, no distinction is made in regard to religion, sex,
or color, in the reception of patients. Dr. Grafton Tyler is the surgeon-in-chief, and has a number of able assistants.

(m) Endowed by Mr. W. W. Corcoran with $100,000. This institution is designed for the support and maintenance of a limited number of gentlewomen, who have been
reduced by misfortune, so as, in the judgment of the trustees and directresses, to receive such assistance. It will accommodate sixty inmates. There are fourteen trustees
and nine directresses. Mr. James M. Carlisle is president of the board of trustees; Mrs. Benjamin Ogle Tayloe is president of the board of directresses.

(n) In 1858 the Ladies' Association of the Epiphany Church organized to provide for the destitute of the parish. In 1861, owing to the war, its activo agencies were sus-
pended, but last year the home was re-organized, mainly to care for abandoned or neglected children. It is supported by voluntary contributions. Mrs. Jane C. Ackor is
matron. The ages of the inmates vary from two to eight years.

(0) Supported wholly by voluntary contributions. No applicants under sixty years of age are received. The ages of the present inmates range from sixty-five to eighty-
seven. A new home is in process of construction, and is now nearly completed, on I street, between Second and Third streets east. When completed it will accommodate
from seventy to eighty inmates, and aged men as well as women will be cared for. In the admission of applicants no religious distinction is made, the aged destitute of all
denominations being taken.

(p) This hospital was established through the efforts of General O. O. Howard, and is supported by Congress, which body at its last session appropriated $74,000 for its main.
tenance. It was originally intended for the special benefit of freedmen and refugees. Of the present inmates but ten are white, the larger portion being sick, crippled, and
aged colored men and women, whose ages range from twenty to one hundred. Tho surgeon-in-chief of the hospital is Dr. Robert Reyburn; the executive officer, Dr. P.
Glennan. Applicants aro admitted on tho recommendation of the governor of the District.

(q) Supported by voluntary contribution. The school is especially for juvenilo street vagrants of either sex. Mrs. Manifield is the matron of the school.

(r) The house is not yet in full operation. A new building was erected this year, and will be occupied early in February, 1873. The inmates will be destitute females,
principally girls, who will be taught house-work and general domestic duties, and furnished with suitable employment, through the efforts of the lady managers of the house.
(8) During the war between the United States and Moxico, General Scott levied contributions, amounting to several hundred thousand dollars, on the city of Mexico,
Pueblo, and several other Mexican towns. Most of these moneys were expended, under the direction of General Scott, in the purchase of clothing and commissary stores for
the Federal troops. The remainder, $118,000, was brought to Washington at the close of the war, and, at the urgent solicitation of General Scott, Congress set that particular
sum apart to found the present home. The recent purchase of the "Harowood" estate of Mr. W. W. Corcoran, of Washington, by the board of commissioners of the home,
swells the area of the grounds attached to the institution to about four hundred acres.
grounds, it has been supported mainly by a levy of 12 cents on the monthly pay of soldiers of the Regular Army.
Although Congress at first aided in the building of the home and the purchase of
The ponsions duo inmates of the home from the Govern-
by chronic disease contracted, or wounds received, in the military service of the United States.
ment also go toward its support. The ages of inmates vary from twenty to ninety years. About 10 per cent. of the inmates are superannuated, the remainder being disabled
A considerable income is also derived from the cultivation of the grounds,
ing in one of them. President Lincoln made this his summer residence.
which is done by the inmates. The buildings themselves are handsome and commodious, and during the summer months the President and family have the privilege of resid

200.

(t) The asylum is almost as old as the city of Washington itself. It receives sick and destituto persons, and vagrants and petty criminals committed by the courts, the
asylum being supported by the District government and by the products of the farm attached, which is worked by the prisoners. The inmates range in number from 50 to
(u) This school was removed from the vicinity of Georgetown, in August last, to Mount Lincoln, where the boys are temporarily quartered in a barn until the new build-
ings (to accommodate three hundred inmates), authorized by Congress are completed. That body, at its last session, appropriated $100,000 for the purchase of a farm and crec-
tion of buildings, and one hundred and fifty acres were purchased last summer, and the new structures will be ready for occupancy within a few months. Juvenile delinquents
are sent to the school by the courts, and destitute boys are admitted on the order of the governor of the District or trustees of the schools.

GENERAL CONDITION OF EDUCATION AMONG THE INDIANS.

The humane and honest policy which has been systematically pursued toward the Indian wards of the General Government by the present Executive and officers charged with the administration of Indian affairs has in no previous year produced a more marked effect than in the one now closing. The results of steady and persistent effort are visible in a better understanding of the Indian problem; in a more thorough adoption of the means needed to carry forward the purpose of the administration; in a better state of public feeling, not alone toward the Indians but to those who are employed to carry out the policy approved by experience and indorsed by the people; above all, in a wide-spread and distinctly-marked improvement among the Indians themselves. This improvement is visible in many ways. Among the peaceable and settled tribes it is seen in greater readiness to accept the inevitable and become one with the great body of American citizens. Among others who have, within short periods only, been brought directly under influences that aim to both restrain and civilize, there is an earnest desire that their children may have schools and other opportunities for instruction heretofore denied adults, and the latter are showing a spirit of industry which is quite marked in the evidence of prosperity it brings. One of its crowning rewards is the breaking up of alliances among implacable tribes and bands, their isolation and separation from each other, the comparative freedom from more than sporadic warfare with which our extended frontiers have been favored, and the bringing of some of the most formidable and heretofore unyielding of our savage foes into such relations with the Government as afford reasonable prospects that the tribes whose lives have been the bane of our border-land and whose names are its dread, to be uttered only with 'bated breath," may be kept within bounds, and year by year brought nearer to a reasonable degree of civilization. In fine, the country may be congratulated on the fact that it is both possible and profitable to maintain a policy based on some ground other than the atrocious humor of the frontier proverb that "the only good Indians are dead Indians." The educators of the country may reasonably congratulate themselves on the measure of success already achieved by a policy of intelligent discipline, direction, and development, so much in accordance with the ideas upon which all genuine education proceeds.

66

In reviewing the condition of Indian education for the current year, it will be found more convenient than the former grouping to follow in the main the broad geographical generalizations presented in the current report by the able Commissioner of Indian Affairs, General Francis A. Walker. In that way the educational condition of the more advanced tribes and bands will be first scen, and traveling across the continent westward, as our national and material growth have done, we shall be able to gather panoramically what has been and is being done, and what may be reasonably expected.

ENUMERATION OF INDIANS.

Prefacing the brief details of each agency or superintendency, it may be serviceable to present some of the facts relative to the numbers and location of the Indian popula tion which the census of 1870 exhibits. In 1860 the number of Indians embraced in the census proper, which included only Indians not in tribal relations, was stated at 44,021. In the census of 1870 the figures are given at 25,731. In the first-named year those in the States so grouped were 30,737; in the last, 21,228. In the Territories the figures are for the first 13,284; in the last, 4,503. The discrepancy is easily explained. In the States and Territories acquired from Mexico, the reservation system has not existed until within a few years, while there was, under Spanish law, no recognition of the Indian, individually or communally. He was regarded as some one apart from the body of the people. Hence, Indians, in California and New Mexico especially, were, in 1860, enumerated as part of the people. In 1860 California shows out of tribal relatious 7,798, in 1870 only 7,241, the balance being gathered on reservations and grouped as tribes or bands. New Mexico enumerated in 1860 10,507 Indians as not in tribal relations; in 1870 only 1,309. During the past decade the Pueblo Indians, whose civic status is a matter of inquiry before the Supreme Court, have been placed under the Indian Bureau and its agents. In other States and Territories where the census of 1960 enumerates more Indians out of tribal relations than that of 1870, the difference is to be accounted for by the fact that nomadic bands, and families that were heretofore vagabonds and wanderers, have been brought on to reservations. In every such instance the change is advantageous to both Indians and whites.

The following table, from the census of 1870, gives the total Indian population of

the country, both in and out of tribal relations, on reservations, at agencies, and

United States..

States...

383, 712 25, 731 357, 981 96, 366 26, 583 30, 464 19, 740 19, 579 26, 875 234, 740 111, 185 21, 228 89, 957 33, 6429,596 11, 329 6, 590 6, 127 18, 575

37, 740

By the foregoing it appears that the total number of Indians in the United States enumerated and estimated is 383,712, of whom 111,185 are residents of the States and 272,527 of the Territories, organized and unorganized. The total school population (enumerated) is set down at 39,319, of whom 19,740 are e males and 19,579 females. Of this total 12,717 are residents of the States and 26,602 of the Territories. The total estimated population (not divided by sex or age) is, "on reservations or at agencies," 26,875; while that classified as nomadic is set down at 234,740, making a total of 261,615. Taking the number of children from the whole number of those enumerated, and the ratio is slightly over 11 of the whole. Calculating on this ratio, and the num