We are well pleased at being able to state, that the intended Monument to JOHN LOCKE, has met with competent encouragement; and particularly since the model has been in such forwardness as to be exhibited by Mr. Westmacott, at his house in Mount-street, Berkeleysquare. Every subscriber of two guineas and upwards will be presented with an engraving of the monument; and subscribers of five guineas will receive a medal with the head of Locke on one side, and on the reverse, an exact representation of the monument. To sub scribers of ten guineas, a similar medal will be presented in silver. It is intended shortly to republish Fuller's Worthies, Purchase's Pilgrims, and Hakluyt's Voyages. This undertaking forms part of the plan of those booksellers who are reprinting the Chronicles of Holinshed, Hall, Grafton, &c. Splendid editions of Mr. SCOTT's Poems of Marmion, and the Lay of the Last Minstrel, with embellishments from the pencil of Westall, will be published in`a few weeks. A Practical Treatise on the Merino and Anglo-Merino Breeds of Sheep is in its progress through the press, and will be ready for publication in a few days. The object of this Treatise is to demonstrate to the practical farmer the peculiar advantages attending the above breeds, and to prove that the Spanish manner of treating the Merino sheep is not indispensable in this country to the production of fine clothing wool. New editions, with considerable and important additions, of Mr. LAWRENCE'S. Philosophical and Practical Treatise on Horses, and of his General Treatise on Cattle, the ox, the sheep, and the swine, are in their course through the press. Sir JONAH BARRINGTON, judge of the high court of admiralty of Ireland, &c. has begun to print, Historic Anecdotes and Secret Memoirs of the Legislative Union between Great Britain and Ireland. They will comprise a view of Irish affairs from the year 1780, particularly of the Union, traced from its most remote causes to those of its final completion; the interesting era of the volunteers; the declaration of independence by the Irish parliament in 1782; the regency; and the rebellion interspersed with characters, and anecdotes never yet published. The work, which is to be dedicated by permission to the Prince of Wales, will be embellished with a great number of por traits of the distinguished characters both of England and Ireland, all engraved by Heath, from original paintings or draw. ings, with many fac-similes of letters, and other curious documents. The whole will form an interesting collection of political transactions, in many of which the author bore a considerable part; and will make known to posterity the characters and persons of the most remarkable political actors during those eventful periods. A new Life of Torquato Tasso; including his letters, illustrations of his writings, and memoirs of some of his literary contemporaries, is in forwardness. Dr. IRELAND will speedily publish, A Comparison between Paganism. and Christianity, in a course of lectures to the King's scholars, at Westminster, in the years 1806, 7, and 8. An edition of the Novels and Miscel laneous Works of DANIEL DE FOE, is printing in 10 vols. foolscap 8vo. Dr. BURNEY is engaged in a System of Nautical Education; intended princi pally for young officers entering the navy. Mrs. DORSET is printing her popular work the Peacock at Home, and other Poems, in small 8vo. with vignette plates. Mr. FENTON'S Tour through Pembroke shire, is in the press, and will soon ap pear in a quarto volume, embellished with views of all the principal seats and ruins chiefly drawn by Sir R. C. Hoare. This tour is intended as the first of a series of tours through North and South Wales, which will be conducted on the same plan. Mr. FRANCIS HARDY is engaged upon. a Life of the late classical and patriotic Earl of Charlemont; including a view of the affairs of Ireland during a very inte resting and important period. Mr. DREW, author of an Essay on the Immateriality and Immortality of the Soul, has in the press, in an octave volume, an Essay, the object of which is to prove the Identity and General Re, surrection of the Human Body. Mr. THOMAS HOPE will shortly publish a. Collection of Designs, representing the costume of the ancients. It will consist of about 160 outline engravings, with an introduction, and form two volumes in quarto and octavo. The Clarendon press is engaged on an edition of the Ionic Lexicon of Æmilius Portus, designed to accompany the edition of Herodotus, lately published by Mr. Cook. The Rev. JOSEPH SAMUEL C. E. FREY, minister of the gospel to the Jews, will speedily publish a Narrative, containing an 1 an account of his descent and education, his offices among the Jews, the occasion of his entering the missionary seminary at Berlin, his design in coming to this country, and his labours under the patronage of the Missionary Society; together with an explanation of the circumstances which led to his separation from that society, and to his union with the London Society for promoting Christianity among the Jews. Mr. Frey has also prepared an English-Hebrew Grammar. Mr. BELFOUR has in the press a metrical romance in five cantos, entitled Spanish Heroism, or the Battles of Roncevalles. The Rev. Mr. EWING, of Glasgow, will speedily publish, at the request of the London Missionary Society, Essays addressed to the Jews, on the Authority, Scope, and Consummation, of the Law and the Prophets. Mr. CURWEN, who ought to be known under the title of the Northern Patriot, has recently circulated the following Letter on the important subject of the culture of Potatoes. "Workington-Hall, April 9, 1809. "SIR,-The improvement of our agriculture appears to me to be the most certain means of advancing the prosperity and happiness of the United Empire, and preserving to us the blessings we enjoy. I may be deemed visionary, but I cannot disguise my opinion, that Great Britain, under a system of good agriculture, would be capable of supporting thirty millions of inhabitants. Nothing can contribute more to this desirable object than the general culture and use of Potatoes. "The population of Workington is estimated at eight thousand, the weekly sale of potatoes during ten months of the year, exceeds four thousand stone per week; to supply this consumption requires nearly an hundred acres; I am inclined to believe five times the number of acres would not, in any other mode of cropping, produce an equal quantity of food. In corroboration of this opinion, let us suppose five hundred acres of wheat, yield ing twenty-four Winchesters, per acre, of 60lbs. or six hundred thousand pounds of bread, equal to supplying four thousand persons with half a pound of bread for three hundred days. The consumption then would be half a pound of bread to four pounds of potatoes. The comfort derived from the use of potatoes by the working classes, affords a most powerful argument in favour of their. general introduction-no food is more nutritious, none so universally palatable. The philanthropist and politician will equally promote their views, by extending the use and culture of the potatoe. "For eight years past I have fed all my working horses upon steam potatoes, mixed with cut straw, and latterly I have with equal success given them to oxen. They would answer for milch cows, and fattening cattle, if they could be raised at less expence. My consumption for eight months in the year is a ton and a half per day, or about three hundred and sixty tons annually-the saving in land, in feeding with potatoes as a substitute for hay, is between a sixth and a seventh-fifty acres of potatoes will furnish above the quantity required, whilst three hundred and fifty acres of hay would most frequently fall short of supporting the same number of working horses and oxen the advantage of this system extends beyond the individual, and is felt both immediately and remotely by the mass of the community. In the first place, the ground heretofore indispensably requisite for the growth of hay, for horses is now applied to the purposes of a dairy, and in the last year 1804, only 222,755. In years of scarcity 507,024 quarts of milk were sold, whereas in the food of horses can be applied to the use of man. J. C. CURWEN." Butter. Several specimens of Swedish Turnip Butter, from the dairy of Mr. Ives, of Catton, were exhibited at the principal inns in Norwich, on the 15th of April; and being placed on the dinnertables at each house, gentlemen had a fair opportunity afforded them of pronouncing a decided opinion upon its quality. It has afforded a convincing proof, that turnips of all descriptions, do not universally, in a greater or less degree, injure the flavour of our milk and butter: to this assertion, the Swedish turnip is an exception, in a most decided point of view. It appears, that the management of these cows is most simple and easy-they are fed on hay, good oat-straw, and Swedish turnips; but it ought to be observed, that a degree of care and neatness is necessary in preparing these turnips for them. In the first place, they are drawn about the end of February or beginning of March, laid in ridges or heaps of a load or two each, and left on the land for two or three weeks; they are then carted away to some convenient place, their tops and tails cut off clean, and piled on a heap, where they are kept as free from soil or dirt as possible. It is adviseable also, that the operation of topping and tailing be done in a yard apart from that where the cows are fed; for should they eat any of the tops, this excellence of flavour in the milk and hutter will be deteriorated considerably. The mode of preparing these turnips deserves particular attention. The drawing them from the land at the time they are in their most compact state, then depriving them them of the absorption, if it may be so called, of the new or vernal sap of the soil, a diminution of that important matter does not take place, as from an opposite course of management would be the result, to the no small injury of the following crop. In this state too, they keep much longer; and, inoreover, which is of no less importance, the turnips are, in themselves, more nutritive, as would appear from the superior quality of the butter produced; for, by being thus exposed to the air, and detached from the soil, a considerable portion of aqueous moisture is carried off by natural evaporation, which would otherwise add to the quantity of our dairies, but not the quality, as we find to be the case in feeding cows with those which have been recently drawn. The following cautions have been recommended by the Physicians and Surgeons of the Bath Hospital, to those who have received benefit by the use of the Bath Waters, in cases where the poison of lead is concerned, as Plumbers, Glaziers, Painters, and other artificers, who work in trades which expose them to similar hazards, from the same cause; to be observed by them at their return to the exercise of their former occupa tions: "To maintain the frictest temperance, particularly respecting distilled spirits, which had better be altogether forborne. To pay the strictest attention to cleanliness; and never, when it can be avoided, to daub their hands with paint; and particularly never to eat their meals, or go to rest, without washing their hands and face.-Not to eat or drink in the room or place wherein they work, and much less to suffer any food or drink to remain exposed to the fumes or dust of the metal, in the workshops or warehouses. As the clothes of persons in this line (painters particularly) are generally observed to be much soiled with the colours they use, it is recommended to them to perform their work in frocks of ticking, which may be. frequently washed, and conveniently laid aside, when the workmen go to their meals; and again put on when they resume their work. Every business which can, in these branches, should be performed with gloves on the hands, and woollen or worsted gloves are recommended; as they may be often washed; as they should always be after being soiled with paint, or even by rubbing against the metal.-Caution is necessary in mixing, or even in unpacking, the dry colours, that the fine powder does not get into their mouths, or be drawn in by the breath. A crape covering over the face might be of service; but care should be taken to turn always the same MONTHLY MAG. No. 195. side towards the face, and to clean or wash it frequently. All artificers should avoid touching lead when hot; and this caution is espe cially necessary for printers or compositors, who have often lost the use of their limbs by handling the types when drying by the fire, after being washed-Glaziers' putty should never be made or moulded by the hand. An iron pestle and mortar would work the ingredients together, at least equally well, and without hazard —If any person, in any of the above employments, should feel pain in the bowels, with costiveness, they should immediately take twenty drops of laudanum, and when the pain is abated, two table spoonfuls of castor oil, or an ounce of the bitter purging if salt, dissolved in warm camomile tea. this does not succeed, a pint or two pints of warm soap suds should be thrown up as a clyster. As a preventive, two or three teaspoonfuls of salad-oil, taken in a small cup daily, and steadily pursued." of gruel, are likely to be of service, if taken A series of portraits of political characters are engraving upon gems, by Mr. BROWN, gein-sculptor to the late Catharine II, and Paul of Russia. This artist has already commenced his collection with the portraits of Colonel Wardle, and Mr. Whitbread, who have honoured him with sittings for that purpose. It is intended to furnish the public with impressions, by means of Mr. Tassie's curious imitations of cameos and intaglios, in enamel and paste. abolition of the slave-trade, designed and A silver medal, in commemoration of the executed by eminent artists, has been presented to the British Museum by some gentlemen who have had a quantity struck for that purpose, in silver and bronze. On one side is a portrait of Mr. Wilberforce, surrounded with the words: William Wilberforce, M.P. the Friend of Africa. The reverse represents Britannia holding a scroll, the solemn act of her legislature, by which the slave-trade was abolished, attended by Wisdom and Justice. Before her stands commerce, who receives her commands to terminate that traffic; while an angel holds over her head a celestial crown, in token of her conduct being approved by Heaven. At the bottom are the words: I have heard their cry-Slave-trade abolished, 1807. To extend the utility of the LITERARY FUND, and to impress the public mind with just sentiments of its importance, committee, to interest the clergy in its' it has been proposed, by the council and behalf. To contribute every thing in the power of the Society towards the attainment of this object, it is resolved,-3 $ that that a learned and officiating clergyman, in distress, or an officiating clergyman reduced and rendered incapable of duty, by age or infirmity, shall be considered as a claimant on the Literary Fund; and that a provision shall be made for such claim in the following manner; 1. The influence of the Society shall be employed in promoting a subscription for this purpose; the produce to be denominated, 66 The Ecclesiastical Fund." Lite subscriptions, and annual subscriptions to be disposed of in the same manner as the Annual Income and Funded Property of the Literary Fund: some permanent capital be-, ing necessary to prevent those cruel fluctuations and uncertainties incident to charities depending wholly on Annual Subscriptions. II. That the Society collectively and i: dividually, shall endeavour to induce the English clergy universally to plead the just cause of their own order, by preaching occasionally (in rich and populous parishes once in every year), on this most useful and most important subject. Many of them are celebrated for their benevolent exertions to establish charities of inferior effect on public happiness. It is therefore impossible to suppose they will hesitate to assist their learned and labouring brethren, sinking into misery in the midst of public profusion and extravagance. The produce of their exertions will be deposited at the Literary Fund, in a special trust appointed by themselves, and (where there can be no patronage, intrigue, or flattery, to supersede merit) it shall be distribued by a special committee appointed also by them). For every clergyman affording this assistance, as often as may suit' his convenience, shall be entitled to all the privileges of a member of this Society, in the department of the Ecclesiastical Fund; in common with the subscribers and members, who in the peculiar difficulties of the institution have borne the burthen and heat of the day. III That a committee consisting of seven clergymen and seven laymen shall be annually appointed, and be entitled the Ecclesiastical Committee. To preserve an uniformity and harmony in the whole institution, this committee must allow the inspection and assistance of the officers and visitors of the Literary Fund; in the same manner, and for the same purposes, as all other committees of the Society. IV. That, to prevent occasions of contusion and perplexity, the same trustees, registrers, treasurers, and servants, be appointed for all the property and business of the Society. V. That all the transactions, civil and ecclesiastical, of the Literary Fund, shall take place at the house of the Society, No. 36. Gerrard street, Westminster, where the economy in behalf of distressed literature is so rigid and scrupulous, that the servants only receive compensations; where all the offices are executed gratuitously; and where even the resident visitor defiays all his own expences. A society has recently been established in London, for promoting christianity among the Jews. The means by which they hope to accomplish this object, are as follow:-To establish a school, that they may be able to receive children wholly from their parents, and bestow upon them education, board, and clothing; to connect with this a day-school, out of which vacancies in the former may be filled up; to put out girls and hoys as apprentices; to find employment, if possible, for those who are able to work; to visit and relieve the sick; to distribute tracts, &c. The perusal of the Report by Messrs. FOURCROY, DEVEUX, and VAUQUELIN, on a Memoir of M. BERTHOLLET, jun. entitled, "Inquiries Concerning the Reciprocal Action of Sulphur and Charcoal," has induced Dr John New to publish an opinion, which he has for some years entertained: that charcoal and hydrogen are modifications of one and the same substance, or that hydrogen is the base of charcoal. Should this and observations be confirmed, an imopinion, the result of various experiments portant and extensive field will be opened to the scientific world. The pabulum of plants, and the origin of that immense quantity of carbonaceous matter, anneally produced in the vegetable kingdom, would thus easily and satisfactorily be accounted for, as originating from water alone. HOLLAND. In the late inundations near Loenen, in the district of the Upper Betewe, was discovered the right hip-bone of an elephant, measuring from the os pubis, to the end of the hip, 3 feet (Rhynland measure) of which a drawing was taken on the spot, by the scientific Mr. H. Hoogens. A double tooth, together with some other bones,belonging to that species of animal have been found on the same spot. A curious and genuine specimen of the labours of LAURENS JANSZ, commonly called LAURENS COSTER, the original inventor of the art of printing, was advertised to be sold by auction on the 20th of April last, by Haak, bookseller of Leyden. This valuable piece of antiquity consists of a wooden printing form, in excellent preservation. It is about three inches long, two inches broad, and three quarters of an inch thick; upon which an entire page of a Latin Horarium has been cut in inverted characters. At the same time was to be disposed of, a genealogical table, written upon very old parchment, but perfectly legible, of the progeny of Laurens, by whom it seems this document has been preserved since since the 15th century, and handed down to each succeeding generation. This genealogy commences with the daughter of Laurens Coster, who published the first printed impression in 1441, and closes with her descendants about the year 1585. ITALY. At the villa of the COUNT MORONI, near Rome, were lately discovered the tombs of the ancient Roman families of the Manlii. They were found to contain two statues, five busts of an urn, all in tolerable preservation, and distinguished by the name of Manlius. Two skeletons dug up at the feet of these statues, still had rings upon their fingers. Close to the skeleton of a female, named Aga. thonia, were found the shell of an egg, an oil bottle, a broken mirror, and a lamp. Upon this lamp was represented Tarquin, carrying a dagger in his hand, at the moment he was going to violate Lucretia. Baron Hasselin, minister from the King of Bavaria, to the Holy See, has purchased these valuable relics, which are at least two thousand years old. RUSSIA. From a very interesting work, written by Count Romanzow, entitled, "State of the Commerce of the Russian Empire, from 1802, to 1808," we learn that in 1803, the value of foreign, commodities imported into Russia, amounted to 55 millions of rubles, and the exports to sixty-seven millions. The duties exceeded those of the preceding years by 110,000 rubles. In 1804, owing to the difficulties of commercial speculations, the imports were minus six, and the exports three, millions of rubles. Even then the balance in favour of Russia, which in 1803 had been 21,590,968 rubles, still amounted to 9,517,440. In 1805, notwithstanding the almost total stagnation of trade, the imports exceeded those of 1804, by six millions; and the exports by 184 millions; and the balance in favour of Russia was 25 millions of rubles. The number of ships which arrived at, and departed from, the Russian ports during that period, was as follows: Arrived. Sailed. How large a proportion of these were English may be judged, from a comparison with the year 1808, when the number of ships trading to the ports of Russia was arrived 996-sailed 926. The exchange on Hamburgh, which in 1802, and 1805, had sustained itself from 23 to 271, and 29, fell in 1808 to 15 and 16. ASIA. In the night between the 11th and 12th of October, after the Franciscan Monks, who reside in the Holy Sepulchre, in Jerusalem, had retired to rest, they heard an uncommon noise in the church. They immediately hastened to the spot, and on entering it, they discovered the wooden altar, and the cells of the Armenian ecclesiastics, situated over the columns of the gallery in flames. The fire thence descended upon the choir of the Greeks, and to the floor of the church, assuming a most awful appearance, and threatening the elevated wooden cupola of the temple with im mediate destruction. The Franciscans used their utmost efforts to stop the progress of the conflagration, but they were too few in number, and also wanted the implements necessary for that pur pose. At length they succeeded in alarming the ecclesiastics of the adjacent church of St. Salvator, as well as the police, but by this time the flames had reached the cupola. As soon as the alarm was given, the whole of the Roman Catholic youth of the city immediately rushed to their assistance, but notwith standing they exerted themselves with the utmost zeal and intrepidity, it was impossible to stop the fury of the devouring element. Before six in the morning, the cupola, with all the melting lead, with which it was covered, fell in, and gave this extensive building the appearance of a burning smelting-house. The excessive heat, which proceeded from this immense mass of liquid fire, not only shivered the marble columns supporting the gallery, but likewise the marble floor of the church, together with the pilasters and images in bas-relief, that decorated the chapel of the Holy Sepulchre, situated in the centre of the church. Soon after the massive coluinns that supported the gallery fell down, together with the whole of the walls. No lives were lost; and it is remarkable that the interior of the chapel, containing the Holy Sepulchre, in which service is per formed, has not been in the least injured; though situated immediately under the cupola, and consequently in the middle of the flames. After the fire had been extinguished, it was found that the silk-hangings, with which it is deco rated, and the splendid painting of the resurrection upon the altar at the entrance, had not sustained the smallest damage, |