...1720. A number of other fire offices, both mutual societies and joint-stock companies, were established at the end of the seventeenth and beginning of the eighteenth centuries. Some of the longest survivors of these included a mutual society, the Amicable Contributorship (also...

...colonized to supply the growing Bengali production and export of textiles in the sixteenth and again at the end of the seventeenth and beginning of the eighteenth centuries. However, all of these, including the initial clearing of the jungle (as in the Amazon today) were financed...

...of the Thirty Years' War may well have been in the writings of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibni2, who wrote at the end of the seventeenth and beginning of the eighteenth centuries, and pushed toleration theory well beyond anything Locke or Bayle could manage. He is not discussed...

...lands to the north, and adapt it to their own purposes. In Tierradentro the resguardo was established at the end of the seventeenth and beginning of the eighteenth centuries. It did not arise earlier because the Nasa were still recovering from their wars with the Spanish. At...

...that the Ottomans experienced in maintaining their hold on the island during these tumultuous years at the end of the seventeenth and beginning of the eighteenth centuries and shows that the Ottoman predicament was similar in important ways to Venice's predicament during...

...something unknown in Europe since pre-Christian times. Alexander Hamilton, a Scot who toured India at the end of the seventeenth and beginning of the eighteenth centuries, came across one Hindu holy man, a giant with a massive penis to which was attached a gold ring. He...

...from elsewhere in the Americas, see the importation of several hundred Madagascar slaves into New York at the end of the seventeenth and beginning of the eighteenth centuries, in Virginia Bever Platt, "The East India Company and the Madagascar Slave Trade," WMQ, 26 (1969), 548-77,...

...in the south of Sweden, site of an important naval base, was prominent in the production of warships at the end of the seventeenth and beginning of the eighteenth centuries, especially under the direction of the British shipbuilder Charles Sheldon. In his time more than 70...

...from Rabbi Jacob Sasportas and Rabbi Leyb ben Ozer, the notary of the Ashkenazi community in Amsterdam at the end of the seventeenth and beginning of the eighteenth centuries. Thus it is known to us that Abraham de Sousa 'was an unbeliever from the beginning to the end'." Also...

...texts representing pioneering work done by acrobats, actors and dancers in the fairgrounds of Paris at the end of the seventeenth and beginning of the eighteenth centuries. At the heart of the project are the texts themselves. Currently we have eighteen, with more to come....